A comprehensive evaluation of circ_0065214/ miR-188-3p/GPNMB axis in breast cancer.

CircRNAs are involved in multiple aspects during carcinogenesis, including tumorigenesis, vascularization, apoptosis and others. Exploring the role of circRNAs in breast cancer (BC) enables us to understand the development mechanism of BC more comprehensively. Here, we screened out and verified an up-regulated circRNA in BC from GEO data. Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that circ_0065214 had a high expression level in BC patients. Besides, circ_0065214 had good diagnostic value in BC serum, and the area under the diagnostic curve, sensitivity and specificity were 0.78, 0.63 and 0.85, respectively. The combined application of circ_0065214 with CEA and CA-153 can further improve the diagnostic efficiency. The knockdown of circ_0065214 in vivo and in vitro inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC, but promoted autophagy. At last, dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue assays revealed that circ_0065214 acted as a decoy to adsorb miR-188-3p, and then relieved the repressive effect of miR-188-3p on its target GPNMB. Our results demonstrated that circ_0065214 regulated the expression of GPNMB by competitively binding to miR-188-3p, thus promoting the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and inhibiting autophagy. These findings provided an original therapeutic strategy for BC.

Genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of lipocalin families in Lepidoptera with an emphasis on Bombyx mori.

Lipocalins exhibit functional diversity, including roles in retinol transport, invertebrate cryptic coloration, and stress response. However, genome-wide identification and characterization of lipocalin in the insect lineage have not been thoroughly explored. Here, we found that a lineage-specific expansion of the lipocalin genes in Lepidoptera occurred in large part due to tandem duplication events and several lipocalin genes involving insect coloration were expanded more via tandem duplication in butterflies. A comparative analysis of conserved motifs showed both conservation and divergence of lepidopteran lipocalin family protein structures during evolution. We observe dynamic changes in tissue expression preference of paralogs in Bombyx mori, suggesting differential contribution of paralogs to specific organ functions during evolution. Subcellular localization experiments revealed that lipocalins localize to the cytoplasm, nuclear membrane, or nucleus in BmN cells. Moreover, several lipocalin genes exhibited divergent responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, and 1 lipocalin gene was upregulated by 300 fold in B. mori. These results suggest that lipocalins act as signaling components in defense responses by mediating crosstalk between abiotic and biotic stress responses. This study deepens our understanding of the comprehensive characteristics of lipocalins in insects.

Breast cancer following augmentation mammaplasty with polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) injection.

Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) as an implanted material for augmentation mammaplasty has been used for years in China. Many kinds of complications associated with PAAG use have been reported in the clinical literature. This report presents two cases of breast cancer occurring after injection of PAAG in augmented breasts. The delayed diagnosis and more aggressive disease due to PAAG injection should be cause for concern. It is very important to detect breast cancer early when it is covered by the induration of the injected gel and inflammation reaction after PAAG injection. PAAG injection for augmentation mammaplasty may affect the outcome of breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

[Running effects affected by sludge reducing by anaerobic hydrolysis-acidification and aerobic oxidation process of A1/A2/O bio-treatment system].

In the A1/A2/O bio-treatment system dealing with alkali minimization and dyeing-printing wastewater, residual sludge could be reduced effectively by recycling of sludge. The COD removal rate in A1 segment could be improved by residual sludge recycling to A1 segment. The COD elimination rate in A1 segment was raised from 15.9% to 23.9% and from 12.3% to 22.8% while the COD volume loading of A1 segment was 2.54 kg/(m3 x d) and the HRT of A1 was 9.45 h and 7.56 h respectively. The recycling of sludge is useful to color removal of the system. When the COD of influxion was 1000 mg/L, the COD volume loading of A1 was 2.54 kg/(m3 x d), the chroma of influxion was 450 and the temperature of the system was 30 degrees C, the chroma removal rate with sludge recycling decreased more than 30% and about 30% compared with the system without sludge recycling in A1 segment and in the whole process respectively. The pH in A1 segment with sludge recycling was a little lower than that without sludge recycling, but the performance of A1 and O segments was affected less severely by sludge recycling. The SS in every segment with sludge recycling was higher than that without sludge recycling. Inert substance could be accumulated because of long time sludge recycling and it's necessary to activate the sludge by aerating and washing.

Migration of implants: a problem with injectable polyacrylamide gel in aesthetic plastic surgery.

Polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) has been used as a soft tissue filler material for cosmetic purposes in Europe and China since 1997. The various complications of PAAG have been reported. A total of 15 patients who received PAAG injections at other institutions were treated for gel migration in the authors' hospitals. During treatment, the authors found that the injected PAAG had not formed capsules within the muscle and was encapsulated only by thin fibrous tissue in skin and mammary glands. Consequently, the filler material migrated easily because of muscular activity or the influence of gravity, especially when the capsule was broken by incorrect massage or incidental force. It is suggested that PAAG should not be injected into muscular tissue or subcutaneous areas with active movement, such as joints and muscles involved in facial expression with thin skin. After years of gel implantation, the thinned capsule may result in an increasing incidence of this complication. Management and some clinical findings in relation to the complication also are discussed.