Research on shipborne aided navigation system based on enhanced traffic environment perception.

The traditional shipborne navigation system uses a two-dimensional electronic chart as a platform to integrate and control a variety of electronic navigation equipment information. It cannot intuitively restore the actual traffic environment or fundamentally improve the perception ability of the crew in poor visibility conditions. This paper proposes integrating three-dimensional simulations and real ship driving systems and presents research on "virtual-real" and "dynamic-static" ship navigation technology and equipment. In the proposed method, the hydrologic factors, topographic features, waterways, traffic dynamics, and ship driving information are effectively integrated, with a focus on achieving key advancements such as the integration of simulations and real ship driving as well as multi-source information fusion. A multi-angle, all-around, multi-level visual display for water traffic environments in poor visibility conditions is provided to enhance the ability of crews to perceive their traffic environments and thereby to provide auxiliary navigation for ships in complex weather conditions.

Morphine dependence changes the role of droperidol on pain-related electric activities in caudate nucleus.

Droperidol causes the blockage of the dopamine receptors in the central nervous system that are involved in pain transmission. However, the mechanism of action of droperidol in pain-related neurons is not clear, and it is still unknown whether opioids are involved in the modulation of this processing. The present study examines the effect of droperidol on the pain-evoked response of pain-excitation neurons (PENs) and pain-inhibition neurons (PINs) in the caudate nucleus (Cd) of rats. The trains of electric impulses applied to the sciatic nerve were used as noxious stimulation. Our results revealed that droperidol decreased the frequency of PEN discharge, and increased the frequency PIN discharge evoked by the noxious stimulation in the Cd of normal rats, while administration of droperidol to morphine-dependent rats produced the opposite response. Those demonstrated that droperidol is involved in the modulation of nociceptive information transmission in Cd, and there were completely opposite responses to painful stimulation between normal and morphine-dependent rats after administration of droperidol.