Patient Preferences for Cardiac Rehabilitation - A Systematic Review.

Background: Although a large number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation(CR), patient preferences for CR remain unclear. Knowing patient preferences may contribute to increasing patient participation and adherence, thus improving patient prognosis. Methods: A systematic search was carried out using electronic databases and manual reference checks from inception until 15th June 2022. Quantitative studies, qualitative studies and mixed methods studies assessing patient preferences for CR were included. Two researchers independently conducted study selectionand data extraction. CR preferences were divided into three categories: CR settings, CR components, and CR contents. A narrative synthesis was applied to integrate the results of the included studies. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess the quality of included studies. Results: Ultimately, 17 publications were included in this study. Regarding CR settings, most patients preferred the hospital to home, some considered both, and a few were willing to accept the local CR club as an alternative setting to the hospital. For CR components, regardless of age and gender, patients considered exercise training and nutrition counseling to be the most important and smoking cessation to be the least important. In exercise intervention of CR contents, progress discussion and encouragement were rated as most critical, and non-conflicting with other activities was rated as least critical. In psychological intervention of CR contents, most patients were willing to accept psychological intervention, and a few patients wanted to heal the trauma with the passage of time. Conclusion: This systematic review provides important insights into patient preferences for CR, clarifying patient preferences for CR settings, components, and contents, along with possible influencing factors. Patient preferences may change due to the COVID-19 epidemic, and there is still a need to focus on patient preferences for CR and conduct more relevant primary research to validate the findings of this paper in the future.

Discovery of biomarkers related to abnormal lipid metabolism in liver and serum and intervention mechanism of ginsenoside Rb_1 in hyperlipidemia rats based on non-targeted metabolomics / 中国中药杂志

Through the non-targeted metabolomics study of endogenous substances in the liver and serum of hyperlipidemia rats, the biomarkers related to abnormal lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats were found, and the target of ginsenoside Rb_1 in improving hyperlipidemia was explored and its mechanism was elucidated. The content of serum biochemical indexes of rats in each group was detected by the automatic biochemical analyzer. The metabolite profiles of liver tissues and serum of rats were analyzed by HPLC-MS. Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were used to compare and analyze the metabolic data in the normal group, the hyperlipidemia group, and the ginsenoside Rb_1 group, and screen potential biomar-kers. The related metabolic pathways were further constructed by KEGG database analysis. The results showed that hyperlipemia induced dyslipidemia in rats, which was alleviated by ginsenoside Rb_1. The non-targeted metabolomics results showed that there were 297 differential metabolites in the liver tissues of hyperlipidemia rats, 294 differential metabolites in the serum samples, and 560 diffe-rential metabolites in the hyperlipidemia rats treated by ginsenoside Rb_1. Perillic acid and N-ornithyl-L-taurine were common metabolites in the liver and serum samples, which could be used as potential biomarkers for ginsenoside Rb_1 in the improvement of hyperlipidemia. As revealed by pathway enrichment in the liver and serum, ginsenoside Rb_1 could participate in the metabolic pathway of choline in both the liver and serum. In addition, ginsenoside Rb_1 also participated in the ABC transporter, alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamate metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, β-alanine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, caffeine metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, and methionine and cysteine metabolism to improve dyslipidemia in rats.

Analysis on clinical laboratory indicators of different prognostic patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome / 中华疾病控制杂志

@#Objective To analyze the clinical laboratory indicators of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome( SFTS) patients caused by novel Bunyavirus infection，and focus on comparing the indicators of severe patients with different prognosis． The findings may help to predict poor prognosis for severe patients in the early stage． Methods The clinical laboratory indicators of all diagnosed confirmedly patients in two Hospitals，from January 2011 to December 2018，and the differences between groups were analyzed．Ｒesults A total of 168 clinically diagnosed SFTS cases ( 117 cases of non－severe cases and 51 cases of severe cases) were included in this study． In the severe cases，the prognosis was improved in 30 cases and the prognosis was poor in 21 cases． The laboratory indicators of severe patients with different prognosis were compared． The data showed that the levels of several indicators in patients with poor prognosis were statistically different with these in patients with better prognosis． In addition，the proportion of coma，diffuse intravascular coagulation and heart failure in patients with poor prognosis was significantly higher than that in patients with improved prognosis ( all P＜0. 05) ． Conclusion Differentiated prevention and treat- ment strategies should be developed for severe patients with possible poor prognosis．

Effect of Huayu Qutan Recipe in Regulating Aortic MAPK Pathway-related Gene Expression in Atherosclerosis Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the expression changes of mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway-related genes in ApoE-/- mice and the intervention effect of Huayu Qutan recipe on them, in order to explore the anti-atherosclerotic(AS) effect and possible mechanism of Huayu Qutan recipe. Method: Fifty ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into model group, tanshinone ⅡA group (30 mg·kg-1·d-1), and high-dose phlegm group (20 g·kg-1·d-1), the middle-dose group (10 g·kg-1·d-1), and the low-dose group (5 g·kg-1·d-1), and 10 C57BL/6/J mice were included in the blank controls group. Automated biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum triglyceride(TG), cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) content; hematoxylin-eosin(HE) was used to detect aortic plaque in each group; oil red O was used to detect liver lipid deposition in each group; enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA) was used to determine vascular cell adhesion protein-1(VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in serum of each group; Western blot was performed to detect c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase(p-JNK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK), p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), and expression of p-ERK. Result: Compared with the blank control group, serum TC, TG, LDL-C levels in the model group were significantly increased, while HDL-C levels were significantly decreased; aortic plaques were observed in the aortic lumen, and lots of lipid deposition were observed in the liver cells. Serum inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 increased(PPα, IL-6, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were decreased. The expressions of p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK genes in intravascular associated MAPK signaling pathway were significantly decreased. p-ERK expression trend was not obvious(PConclusion: Huayu Recipe can inhibit the formation of aortic plaque in ApoE-/- mice, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of vascular MAPK signaling pathway gene expression.

Role of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in ginsenoside Re pretreatment in prevention of isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the protective effect of ginsenoside Re pretreatment on rats with isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia via JAK 2/STAT3 signaling pathway .Methods SD rat model with acute myocardial ischemia was established using isoprotere-nol.Seventy-five rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, model group , puerarin group (PUE), high dose group (Re-H, 20 mg· kg -1) and Re low-dose group ( Re-L, 10 mg kg -1 ) .The blood flow on the heart surface of rats in each group was ob-served by moor laser blood flow imaging system .The levels of CK , LDH, SOD, MDA and GSH in myocar-dium were measured by ELISA .The expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were detected by immunohistochem-istry.The expressions of JAK , p-JAK, STAT3 and p-STAT3 proteins were detected by Western blot .Re-sults Compared with the control group , the mean blood flow on the heart surface of rats in the model group significantly decreased , the levels of CK , LDH and MDA in the myocardium increased , the levels of GSH and SOD decreased , the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax de-creased ( P <0.05 ) , and the expression of JAK 2/STAT3 pathway related proteins was enhanced ( P <0.05 ) . The mean blood flow on the heart surface markedly increased , the levels of CK , LDH and MDA decreased , the level of GSH-Px increased , the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax increased, and the expression of JAK2/STAT3 pathway proteins evidently increased in the Re-H group compared with those of the model group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion Ginsenoside Re pretreatment has a good protective effect on the myocardium in rats with acute myocardial ischemia , which may be related to the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway .

Finite element analysis on the stress concentration effect of osteons in cortical bone / 医用生物力学

Objective To construct a three-dimensional (3D) solid model of the cortical bone including osteons,verify the stress concentration effect of osteons,simulate and predict the stress concentration location under fatigue using finite element analysis (FEA).Methods The 3D solid model of the cortical bone including osteons was constructed in Pro/E wildfire 5.0,and local stress and strain distributions in the cortical bone under different axial compression were calculated and analyzed in ANSYS 12.0.Fatigue simulation on the selected locations was conducted to evaluate fatigue status of the model subjected to different fatigue loading intensities.Results Obvious stress concentration at the junction of osteon and the interstitical bone appeared under axial compressive loads,and the percentage of pathological local strain in the cortical bone increased with the axial compression increasing.Fatigue simulation on the selected locations demonstrated that bone fatigue risk during physiological or daily activities was very low,while a high fatigue or fracture risk might occur during high-intensity exercises or training.Conclusions The 3 D solid model of the cortical bone including osteons is successfully established,the stress concentration effect of osteons is verified,and the location of bone fatigue damage under strenuous exercise and its risk are predicted.These experimental results can provide references for training management and athletic fatigue damage prevention in military recruits and long distance running athletes.

Finite element analysis on the stress concentration effect of osteons in cortical bone / 医用生物力学

Objective To construct a three-dimensional (3D) solid model of the cortical bone including osteons, verify the stress concentration effect of osteons, simulate and predict the stress concentration location under fatigue using finite element analysis (FEA). Methods The 3D solid model of the cortical bone including osteons was constructed in Pro/E wildfire 5.0, and local stress and strain distributions in the cortical bone under different axial compression were calculated and analyzed in ANSYS 12.0. Fatigue simulation on the selected locations was conducted to evaluate fatigue status of the model subjected to different fatigue loading intensities. Results Obvious stress concentration at the junction of osteon and the interstitical bone appeared under axial compressive loads, and the percentage of pathological local strain in the cortical bone increased with the axial compression increasing. Fatigue simulation on the selected locations demonstrated that bone fatigue risk during physiological or daily activities was very low, while a high fatigue or fracture risk might occur during high-intensity exercises or training. Conclusions The 3D solid model of the cortical bone including osteons is successfully established, the stress concentration effect of osteons is verified, and the location of bone fatigue damage under strenuous exercise and its risk are predicted. These experimental results can provide references for training management and athletic fatigue damage prevention in military recruits and long distance running athletes.

A mechanical evaluation of micro-HA/CS composite scaffolds with interconnected spherical macropores.

BACKGROUND: In the process of bone defective reparation and engineered bone tissue construction, osteoblasts are adhered to the surface of the scaffold materials and impart the external mechanical load to the osteoblasts. So, the dynamic mechanical property of the scaffolds play an important role in the bone tissue repair and it is valuable to research. Material type and the architectural design of scaffolds are also important to facilitate cell and tissue growth. The aim of this study was to prepare a kind of material with good pore connectivity and analyze its dynamic mechanical property. METHODS: Fabrication and characterization of micro-hydroxyapatite(m-HA)/chitosan(CS) polymer composite scaffolds with well interconnected spherical pore architectures were reports. Micro-HA was prepared by being calcined and ball milled. Paraffin spheres in the range of 160-330 µm were fabricated with a dispersion method and used as the porogen in the fabrication of the scaffolds. Polymer scaffolds were fabricated by the technique of compression molding and particulate leaching method. The effects of the porogen content on the properties of the scaffolds were studied. RESULTS: With the increase of porogen, the pore of the scaffolds increased and became interconnected. Cyclic loading of three scaffolds were tested with 10 % strain under four levels of loading frequency, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 Hz. The porous composite scaffolds exhibited a viscosity-elastic behaviour with a maximum stress of 3-4 kPa. At each frequency, modulus value is decreased with the paraffin microspheres content, but there was no significance difference in the peak stress of the three samples. All the samples tested displayed clear hysteresis loops. There was no significance difference in the peak hysteresis of the three samples, and the hysteresis difference values between the sixth compression cycle and the initial cycle for three samples was similar, with no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Micro-HA/CS composite scaffolds with interconnected spherical macropores were fabricated using pherical paraffin as porogen. The porous composite scaffolds exhibited a viscosity-elastic behaviour with good repeatability. It is benefit to study the influence of the mechanical load on the cell of the scaffold.

LBP regulates PI3 K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathways in ovariectomized rat myocardium to exert antioxidative effect / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To observe the influence of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathways in ovariectomized rat myocardium .METHODS:Female SD rats (n=30) were divided into sham oper-ation group , ovariectomized group , progynova group , high-dose LBP group and low-dose LBP group .The serum levels of estradiol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) were measured by ELISA.The myocardial contents of H2 S and oxidative stress injury-related indicators were also detected .The morphological changes of the myocardium were observed with HE staining.The expression of eNOS and PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins in the myocardium was deter-mined by Western blot .RESULTS: Compared with sham operation group , the serum level of estradiol , the content of H2 S, the activity of GSH-Px, and the expression of eNOS and PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins in the myocardium in ovariectomized group were all decreased , and the levels of ROS and MDA in the myocardium were increased (P<0.05). The serum levels of LDH and CK were also increased .The arrangement of the myocardial cells was disordered , and the in-tercellular space was also increased in the ovariectomized group .Compared with ovariectomized group , the serum level of estradiol, the myocardial levels of H2S and GSH-Px, and the protein levels of eNOS and phosphorylated Akt were all in-creased in high dose group, while the levels of ROS and MDA in the myocardium were decreased (P<0.05).The serum levels of LDH and CK were also decreased .The morphological changes of the rat myocardium were improved in high dose group.CONCLUSION: LBP prevents and treats postmenopausal cardiovascular lesions through regulating PI 3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathways in ovariectomized rats .

THE CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF ATLAS TITANIUM CABLE IN THE TREATMENT OF 40 cases of COMMINUTED PATELLAR FRACTURES / 现代医院

Objective To investigate the application value of Atlas titanium cable in the treatment of comminuted patellar fractures (CPF).Methods 80 patients with CPF in our hospital from January, 2010 to January, 2013 were randomly selected and divided into observation group (n=40) and control group (n=40) by digital random method.Observation group adopted Atlas tita-nium cable internal fixation treatment while control group adopted the improved tension band steel wire in the hollow compression screws fixation treatment.Preoperative (t0), postoperative 1 month (t1), 6 months (t2) and 1 year (t3) Bostman patellar injury curative effect score (BPICES), operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative knee joint exercise time for the first time, length of hospital stay, treatment costs and complications of two groups were compared.Results Preoperative BPICES of two groups had no statistical significant difference (p>0.05).Compared with t0, t2 and t3 BPICES and the rate of optimal curative effects, two groups increased; Compared with the control group, t2 and t3 BPICES and the rate of optimal curative effects of observation group also increased, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative knee joint exercise time for the first time, length of hospital stay of observation group were (52.26 ±10.29) min, (70.48 ±10.49) ml, (4.78 ±1.48) d and (5.98 ±1.06) d respectively, which were lower than the (79.95 ±8.42) min, (123.36 ±21.18) ml, (9.14 ±4.48) d and (11.18 ±2.68) d of the control group;Therapy cost of observation group was (16 284.47 ±2 145.78) Yuan, which was higher than the (9 892.48 ±1 456.42) Yuan of the control group (p <0.05).Compared with control group, peptide wire/wire Piercing the skin, pain, infection, skin irritation, slippery bursa phlogistic, internal fixation of fracture parted, fracture end separation and other complications total incidence of observation group were lower (p<0.05).Conclusion Atlas titanium wire trea-ting of patients with CPF had shorter operation time and hospitalization time , less postoperative complications.It can promote the rapid recovery of knee joint function, but its cost is higher.Thus it is suitable for CPF patients with better economic conditions .

Intervention of Huayu Qutan Recipe on liver SREBP-2 signal pathway of hyperlipidemia rats of pi deficiency syndrome / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the intervention of Huayu Qutan Recipe (HQR) on liver SREBP-2 signal pathway of hyperlipidemia rats of Pi deficiency syndrome (PDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 100 SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, the hyperlipidemia group, the hyperlipidemia treatment group, the PDS hyperlipidemia group, and the PDS hyperlipidemia treatment group, 20 in each group. Common granular forage was fed to rats in the blank control group. High fat forage was fed to rats in the hyperlipidemia group and the hyperlipidemia treatment group. Rats in the PDS hyperlipidemia group and the PDS hyperlipidemia treatment group were treated with excessive labor and improper diet for modeling. They were administered refined lard by gastrogavage (3 mL each time, twice per day) and fed with high fat forage on the odd days, and fed with wild cabbage freely on even days. The modeling lasted for 30 days. Rats in the hyperlipidemia treatment group and PDS hyperlipidemia treatment group were administered with Huayu Qutan Recipe (20 mL/kg) by gastrogavage, once a day, for 30 successive days. Levels of serum cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and serum amylase (AMY) were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. D-xylose excretion rate was determined using phloroglucinol method. Morphological changes of liver and the lipid deposition in liver were observed using HE stain and oil red O stain respectively, mRNA and protein expression levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase 1 (CYP7A1), LDL-R, and sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) were detected using real time RT-PCR and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the blank control group, serum levels of TC (1.84 ± 0.19 mmol/L, 2.23 ± 0.43 mmol/L) and LDL-C (0.99 ± 0.24 mmol/L, 1.13 ± 0.56 mmol/L) were higher in the hyperlipidemia group and the PDS hyperlipidemia group, serum levels of HDL-C (0.41 ± 0.66 mmol/L, 0.41 ± 0.11 mmol/L) and AMY activities (351 ± 45 mmol/L, 153 ± 30 mmol/L) were lower, and urinary D-xylose excretion rates were lower (26.9 ± 2.1 ng/mL, 15.0 ± 1.7 ng/mL) (all P < 0.05). Lipid deposition occurred in liver cells. Much fat vacuoles occurred in the cytoplasm. Expression levels of HMGCR, CYP7A1, LDL-R, and SREBP-2 mRNA and proteins in liver significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Compared with the hyperlipidemia group, serum levels of TC and LDL-C significantly increased (P < 0. 05), AMY activities and urinary D-xylose excre- tion rates significantly decreased in the PDS hyperlipidemia group (P < 0.01). A large amount of lipid deposition occurred in liver. The atrophy of liver cells was obviously seen. Expression levels of CYP7A1, LDL-R, and SREBP-2 mRNA and proteins in liver were significantly lower (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Serum levels of TC and LDL-C significantly decreased (P < 0.05), AMY activities and urinary D-xylose excretion rates significantly increased in the hyperlipidemia treatment group (P < 0.01). Expression levels of CYP7A1, LDL-R, and SREBP-2 mRNA and proteins in liver were significantly increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the PDS hyperlipidemia group, serum level of TC significantly decreased (P < 0.05), HDL-C levels, AMY activities and urinary D-xylose excretion rates significantly increased in the PDS hyperlipidemia treatment group (P < 0.01),expression levels of CYP7A1, LDL-R, and SREBP-2 mRNA and proteins in liver were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Similar changes occurred in the two treatment groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pi deficiency exacerbates abnormal serum TC level and the lipid deposition in liver. These might be related to regulating expression levels of LDL-R, HMGCR, and CYP7A1 genes in the SREBP-2 signal pathway. HQR could regulate this pathway to intervene abnormal metabolism of TC.</p>

Effects of HIP in protection of HSP70 for stress-induced cardiomyocytes injury and its glucorticoid receptor pathway.

Moderate levels of stress can be beneficial to health, while stress overload can cause injury or contribute to diseases. Despite a number of studies of adaptation or stress damage, the mechanisms of adaptation and stress damage remain far from clear. The effect and mechanisms of adaptation on cardiomyocytes damage caused by stress overload are discussed in this study. Data showed that mild repeated stress mitigated stress overload-induced cardiomyocyte injury both in an animal model of restraint stress and in H9C2 cells with GC (glucocorticoid) treatment. HSP70, HIP expression and interaction between HSP70 and HIP increased during adaptation induced by mild stress both in animals and H9C2 cells. Overexpression or inhibition of HSP70 in H9C2 cells with pCDNA-3.1-Hsp70 or KNK437 (HSP70 inhibitor) showed that HSP70 can protect H9C2 cells from GC-induced cell damage. A luciferase assay showed that Hsp70 plays its protective role through inhibition of GR transcription activity dependent on the interaction with HIP. These results indicated that HSP70 may promote adaptation with its interacting protein HIP, and increased levels of HSP70 and its interacting protein HIP during adaptation may play a protective role on stress-overload-induced cardiomyocyte injury.

Expression of heat shock protein 70 in lung and plasma of rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by SiO2 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the dynamic expression of Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in the lungs and plasma of rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by silicon dioxide (SiO2).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group exposed to normal solution and group exposed to SiO2 (50 mg/ml) with intratracheal injection. Each group was divided into four subgroups. The animals of SiO2 group and control group were sacrificed and lungs were collected on the 7th, 14th and 28th days after exposure, respectively. The left lung tissues were examined with the histopathologic HE staining. The expression and localization of Hsp70 protein in the lung tissues were examined with western blot assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The expression levels of Hsp70 protein in the plasma were measured by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of Hsp70 in lung tissues of SiO2 group increased on the 7th day and reached the peak value on the 14th day then decreased, but still was significantly higher than that of the control group, the expression of Hsp70 in plasma of SiO2 group still was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The maximum expression level of Hsp70 in plasma of SiO2 group on the 21st day after exposure was 0.216 ± 0.027 µg/ml.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression levels of Hsp70 protein in the lung tissues and plasma of the group exposed to SiO2 significantly increased, which were associated with the process of pulmonary fibrosis. It was suggested that Hsp70 protein may play an important biological role in the pulmonary fibrosis induced by SiO2.</p>

Level and effect of anti-HSP70 antibody changed in the procession of rat atherosclerosis / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To explore the level of anti-HSP70 antibody in plasma during atherosclerosis procedure induced by high-fat diet in rat and the relationship of them.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty eight rat were divided into high-fat diet group (H) and control group (C). The total cholesterol (TC), Glyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum, pathology change of rat Arch of the aorta were determined, the level of anti-HSP70 antibody and their Phenotype were evaluated by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After two weeks, the serum concentrations of TC and LDL-C in rat supplemented by high-fat diet were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.01), the serum TG were much lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). Four weeks later the level of anti-HSP70 antibody, IgM, IgG phenotype were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). There were lipin deposition and mottling formation in rat Arch of the aorta in rat supplemented by high-fat diet in 12th week.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Atherosclerosis could be induced by high-fat diet in rat. Accompany with the atherosclerosis procession, the level of anti-HSP70 antibody was continuously elevated, the level of anti-HSP70 antibody was related to atherosclerosis. The level of anti-HSP70 antibody was closely associated with atherosclerosis.</p>