Robust Ferromagnetism in Hexagonal Honeycomb Transition Metal Nitride Monolayer.

Two-dimensional intrinsic magnetic materials with high Curie temperature are promising candidates for next-generation spintronic devices. In this work, we design two kinds of two-dimensional transition metal nitrides, VN2 and FeN2, both with a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. Based on the formation energy, and phonon spectra calculations as well as the molecular dynamics simulations, their structural stability is demonstrated. Then, we determine the ferromagnetic ground states of VN2 and FeN2 monolayers through the energy calculations, and the Curie temperatures of 222 K and 238 K are estimated by solving the Heisenberg model using the Monte Carlo simulation method. Hence, the VN2 and FeN2 monolayers are demonstrated to be new two-dimensional ferromagnetic materials with high temperature ferromagnetism or large-gap half-metallicity.

Prediction of transition metal carbonitride monolayers MN4C6 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) made up of a benzene ring and a planar MN4 moiety.

Based on first-principles calculations, we predict a class of graphene-like magnetic materials, transition metal carbonitrides MN4C6 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co), which are made up of a benzene ring and an MN4 moiety, two common planar units in the compounds. The structural stability is demonstrated by the phonon and molecular dynamics calculations, and the formation mechanism of the planar geometry of MN4C6 is ascribed to the synergistic effect of sp2 hybridization, M-N coordination bond, and π-d conjugation. The MN4C6 materials consist of only one layer of atoms and the transition metal atom is located in the planar crystal field, which is markedly different from most two-dimensional materials. The calculations indicate that MnN4C6, FeN4C6, and CoN4C6 are ferromagnetic while CrN4C6 has an antiferromagnetic ground state. The Curie temperatures are estimated by solving the anisotropic Heisenberg model with the Monte Carlo method.

Bifunctional electrocatalytic activity of Fe-embedded biphenylene for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions.

Transition metal single-atom catalysts have attracted great attention because of their great potential applications in the chemical industry. Except for graphene, there are few single-layer materials that can act as substrates to support the dispersive metal atoms. Recently, a biphenylene layer, a new two-dimensional allotrope of graphene, was synthesized in experiments, providing a new substrate layer to fabricate single-atom catalysts (SACs). In this work, we predict three transition metal SACs MN4-biphenylene (M = Fe, Co, and Ni) based on first-principles calculations. The results indicate that FeN4-biphenylene is a promising bifunctional catalyst with low overpotentials for both the oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, ηORR = 0.11 V and ηOER = 0.27 V. The high catalytic activities are explained by the position of the d-band center of the Fe atom in the biphenylene network and the strength of interaction between FeN4-biphenylene and the reaction intermediates.

Calcium/Calmodulin Mediates Cardiomyocyte Ferroptosis in Myocardial Infarction Through Iron Overload / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Myocardial infarction(MI), an acute coronary syndrome that poses a serious risk to human health, involves multiple pathophysiological processes, including calcium overload. Existing therapeutic approaches and preventive measures have limitations and cannot effectively repair myocardial cells with poor regenerative potential. Exploring multiple programmed modes of cardiomyocyte death could help find potential targets for the treatment of myocardial infarction, and the potential role of ferroptosis as a novel mode of cell death in myocardial infarction has attracted great attention. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Ca

Investigation of COVID-19 vaccination among elderly adults in long-term care facilities and analysis of influencing factors / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To understand the status of COVID-19 vaccination among elderly adults in long-term care facilities and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide scientific basis for improving the policy of COVID-19 vaccination. 【Methods】 The socio-demographic characteristics, disease-related data, disability, and COVID-19 vaccination status of 575 elderly adults who resided in long-term care facilities in Shaanxi Province were collected via Sojumpin in January 2022. Factors that affected non-vaccinated elderly adults were analyzed by using the SPSS 25.0 software. 【Results】 Of the included 575 participants, 199 (34.6%) were not vaccinated against COVID-19. Univariate analysis showed that COVID-19 vaccination was associated with age, room type, length of stay, marital status, number of children, chronic diseases (i.e., diabetes, stroke, dementia), disability degree, and long-term medication use. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age of 90 years or above (OR=4.25), triple room (OR=6.17), moderate disability (OR=2.94), severe disability (OR=6.67), long-term medication use (OR=1.81), and stroke (OR=1.74) were independent risk factors for not injecting COVID-19 vaccine. 【Conclusion】 The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate of elderly adults in long-term care facilities needs to be improved, and more attention should be paid to the high-risk groups (e.g., who are older, and have disability, long-term medication use, or stroke).

Relationship of college students’ risk perception of COVID-19 and their anxiety and depression: A moderated mediation model / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the effects of perceived risk of COVID-19 of college students on their anxiety and depression, as well as the roles of attention to negative information and perceived social support, so as to provide theoretical basis for colleges and universities to formulate corresponding intervention measures. 【Methods】 By the convenience sampling method, totally 1 404 college students from Shaanxi and Henan provinces were investigated online by using General Information Questionnaire, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic Scale, Attention to Negative Information Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis, Pearson correlation method was used to explore the correlation between variables. The mediating effect of attention to negative information and the moderating effect of perceived social support were analyzed by PROCESS. 【Results】 The scores of anxiety and depression of the 1 404 college students included in the study were 4.03±4.48 and 6.21±5.41, respectively. The detection rate of anxiety symptom was 29.9%, and that of depression symptom was 44.4%. The risk perception of COVID-19 epidemic of the college students was positively correlated with attention to negative information (r=0.373, P<0.001), anxiety (r=0.227, P<0.001), and depression (r=0.226, P<0.001). Anxiety (r=0.553, P<0.001) and depression (r=0.497, P<0.001) were positively correlated with attention to negative information, while perceived social support was negatively correlated with the risk perception of the COVID-19 (r=-0.154, P<0.001), attention to negative information (r=-0.259, P<0.001), anxiety (r=-0.321, P<0.001) and depression (r=-0.278, P<0.001). The risk perception of COVID-19 affected the anxiety and depression of the students mainly through the mediating effect of attention to negative information. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety was 0.227, and the mediating effect accounted for 80.18% of the total effect. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and depression was 0.228, and the mediating effect accounted for 90.35% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderating role in the last half of this mediating model. 【Conclusion】 Risk perception of COVID-19 indirectly affects the occurrence of anxiety and depression in college students through attention to negative information, and perceived social support plays a moderating role in this mediating model. The findings suggest that when a risk event occurs, colleges and universities should pay attention to guiding students to adjust their attentional bias to external information, and give students enough care and support to improve their mental health.

Relationship between adolescent runaway behavior and family health / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the influencing factors of adolescent runaway and its correlation with family health so as to provide epidemiological evidence for future comprehensive interventions. 【Methods】 Using the quota sampling method, 1 065 adolescents aged 12-18 years old were surveyed by Questionnaire Star in 120 cities in China from July to September 2021. A well-developed electronic questionnaire was used to collect information about demographic characteristics, psychological characteristics, family health, social support, and behavior of running away from home. Univariate analysis and Logistic regression were used to explore the influencing factors of adolescent runaway and its correlation with family health. 【Results】 A total of 1 065 adolescents were investigated, among whom 334 were the only children (31.36%) and 442 were boys (41.50%). Univariate analysis revealed that 7.6% of teenagers had the experience of running away from home in the last 30 days. Participants who were ethnic minorities (P=0.031) and had education of technical school or junior college (P=0.029) and a low family income (P<0.001) were more likely to have running away behavior. Adolescents with low self-efficacy (P=0.005), depression (P<0.001), anxiety (P<0.001), and more stress had higher detection rates of runaway behavior. However, adolescents with higher family health and social support were less likely to run away from home (P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that compared with adolescents with low family health, adolescents with high (OR=0.16, 95% CI: 0.06-0.46) and moderate (OR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.14-0.55) family health had a significantly lower risk of runaway behavior. 【Conclusion】 The family is of great significance in preventing teenagers from running away from home. Parents should build a good parent-child relationship and create a happy family atmosphere to reduce the occurrence of teenagers running away from home.

Pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis based on label-free mass proteomics / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore pathogenesis of glucocortocoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP) based on label-free mass proteomics.@*METHODS@#Twevle female Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups, named as sham group and GIOP group. After one-week adaptive feeding, the rats of GIOP group were administered with dexamethasone via intramuscular injection according to 2.5 mg/kg weighting, while the rats of sham group were administered with the same amount of saline, twice a week. The tibias of each group were collected after 8-week modeling and made pathological sections to confirm the success of modeling. Three samples of each group were picked up to perform label-free mass proteomics. After quality control, differentially expressed proteins were identified according to qualitative and quantitative analyses. Then gene ontology(GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, cluster analysis as well as protein-protein interaction analysis were performed using bioinformatics analysis.@*RESULTS@#Compared with sham group, the structure of bone trabecular in GIOP group showed abnormal arrangement, uneven distribution and obvious fragmentation, which could demonstrate successful modeling. A total of 47 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified including 20 up-regulated and 27 down-regulated proteins. The expression of protein nucleophosmin 1(NPM1), adipocyte plasma membrane associated protein (APMAP), cytochromec oxidase subunit 6A1 (COX6A1) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (ACP5) showed a significant difference between two groups. KEGG results showed DEPs were enriched on metabolism-related pathways, immune-related pathways and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway.@*CONCLUSION@#Protein NPM1, APMAP, COX6A1 and ACP5 showed a close relationship with pathogenesis of GIOP, which could serve as potential biomarkers of GIOP. AMPK signaling pathway played an important role in the occurrence and development of GIOP, which could be regarded as potential signaling pathway to treatment GIOP.

Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease：A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Parkinson's disease （PD） is a progressive chronic neurodegenerative disorder with a complex pathogenesis involving oxidative stress， neuroinflammation， mitochondrial dysfunction， and other factors. Currently， the clinical treatment of PD mainly includes levodopa， dopamine receptor agonists， monoamine oxidase B inhibitors， catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors， and anticholinergic drugs， but there is a lack of disease-modif g therapies that can definitively improve disease progression. According to the understanding of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， PD is characterized by asthenia in origin and sthenia in superficiality. It is primarily caused by liver-kidney Yin deficiency， Qi-blood insufficiency， and closely related to wind， fire， phlegm， and blood stasis. Numerous clinical practices have shown that TCM has significant clinical value in the prevention and treatment of PD， the management of motor and non-motor symptoms， and the neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons. The underlying mechanisms of TCM include antioxidative stress， anti-neuroinflammation， and regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction. This article categorized and summarized the pathogenesis of PD， systematically elucidated the pharmacological actions and molecular mechanisms of TCM monomer extracts and compounds in the prevention and treatment of PD， and provided the latest clinical research progress， aiming to provide references for the development and clinical use of TCM for PD.

Mechanism of Dendrobium huoshanense Polysaccharide Against Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease Model： Based on NLRP3 Inflammasome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharide （DHP） against inflammatory damage of neurons in Parkinson's disease （PD） model. MethodSH-SY5Y cells were randomized into blank group， model group， and DHP group. The survival rate of cells was measured by thiazole blue（MTT） assay， and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， reactive oxygen species （ROS）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， and superoxide dismutase （SOD） were measured by colorimetric analysis. BV-2 microglia were classified into blank group， model group， DHP group， and MCC950 group （positive control group）， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was applied to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and interleukin-18 （IL-18）. The expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， adaptor protein apoptosis-associated dot protein （ASC）， cysteine aspartic protease-1 （Caspase-1）， and IL-1β was measured by Western blot. A total of 50 C57BL/6 mice were randomized into blank group， model group， DHP low-dose （100 mg·kg-1） group， DHP equivalent-dose （350 mg·kg-1） group， and MCC950 group （positive control group）， 10 mice in each group. The motor balance and coordination of C57BL/6 mice were observed by beam walking test， tail suspension test and rotarod test. The levels of Iba-1 and tyrosine hydroxylase （TH） were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The damage of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra was detected by FJB staining. The levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β， IL-18， and TNF-α in mouse midbrain tissues were detected by ELISA and the protein levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， and IL-1β protein were measured by Western blot. ResultCompared with the blank group， the SH-SY5Y model group showed decreased cell survival， increased levels of LDH， ROS， and MDA （P<0.05）， and decreased levels of SOD （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the DHP group demonstrated increased cell survival， decreased levels of LDH， ROS， and MDA （P<0.01）， and increased level of SOD （P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， BV-2 model group had high levels of IL-1β， IL-18， and TNF-α （P<0.05） and high protein expression of NLRP3， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and ASC （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， DHP and MCC950 groups demonstrated low levels of IL-1β， IL-18， and TNF-α （P<0.01） and low protein expression of NLRP3， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and ASC （P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the C57BL/6 model group displayed long time to pass the balance wood （P<0.05）， short time spent on the rod in the rotarod test （P<0.05）， high levels of IL-1β， IL-18， and TNF-α （P<0.05） and expression of Iba-1 in the midbrain substantia nigra （P<0.05）， low TH expression （P<0.05）， more positive neurons in the FJB staining （P<0.05）， and high expression of NLRP3， Caspase-1， ASC， and IL-1β proteins （P < 0.05）. Compared with the model group， the mice in the DHP and MCC950 groups had short time to pass the balance beam （P<0.01）， long time spent on the rod （P<0.01）， low levels of IL-1β， IL-18， and TNF-α （P<0.01）， low Iba-1 expression in midbrain substantia nigra （P<0.01）， high TH expression （P<0.01）， and small number of positive neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra （P<0.01）. The expression of NLRP3， ASC， and IL-1β proteins was lower in the MCC950 group （P<0.01）， and the expression of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1 and IL-1β proteins was lower in the DHP equivalent-dose group （P<0.01） than in the model group. ConclusionDHP has anti-oxidative stress effect. It regulates the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibits the overactivation of microglia， thereby alleviating the neuroinflammatory injury in PD and exerting the neuroprotective effect.

Bile duct ligation differently regulates protein expressions of organic cation transporters in intestine, liver and kidney of rats through activation of farnesoid X receptor by cholate and bilirubin

Body is equipped with organic cation transporters (OCTs). These OCTs mediate drug transport and are also involved in some disease process. We aimed to investigate whether liver failure alters intestinal, hepatic and renal Oct expressions using bile duct ligation (BDL) rats. Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrates that BDL decreases plasma metformin exposure, associated with decreased intestinal absorption and increased urinary excretion. Western blot shows that BDL significantly downregulates intestinal Oct2 and hepatic Oct1 but upregulates renal and hepatic Oct2. In vitro cell experiments show that chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), bilirubin and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist GW4064 increase OCT2/Oct2 but decrease OCT1/Oct1, which are remarkably attenuated by glycine-β-muricholic acid and silencing FXR. Significantly lowered intestinal CDCA and increased plasma bilirubin levels contribute to different Octs regulation by BDL, which are confirmed using CDCA-treated and bilirubin-treated rats. A disease-based physiologically based pharmacokinetic model characterizing intestinal, hepatic and renal Octs was successfully developed to predict metformin pharmacokinetics in rats. In conclusion, BDL remarkably downregulates expressions of intestinal Oct2 and hepatic Oct1 protein while upregulates expressions of renal and hepatic Oct2 protein in rats, finally, decreasing plasma exposure and impairing hypoglycemic effects of metformin. BDL differently regulates Oct expressions via Fxr activation by CDCA and bilirubin.

Carotenoid components and their biosynthesis in a bud mutant of Shiranui mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) with citrine flavedo / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Carotenoids are secondary metabolite responsible for colored pigments in plants and microbes (Li et al., 2022). They are a class of C40 tetraterpenoids consisting of eight isoprenoid units, and can be classified into carotenes and xanthophylls on the basis of their functional groups (Saini et al., 2015). Carotenes can be linear (phytoene, phytofluene, and ζ‍-carotene) or branched (β‍-carotene and α‍-carotene). Xanthophylls comprise β,β‍-xanthophylls (β‍-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, violaxanthins, and neoxanthin) and β,ε‍-xanthophylls (α-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, and lutein). Citrus fruits are complex sources of carotenoids, which are the principal pigments responsible for the typical orange color of most types (Chen, 2020). The difference in total carotenoid content and the diversity of carotenoid isomer proportion also accounts for other colors of citrus fruits, such as yellow, red, and pink (Chen, 2020).

Interlayer Coupling Induced Sharp Increase of the Curie Temperature in a Two-Dimensional MnSn Multilayer.

The MnSn monolayer synthesized recently is a novel two-dimensional ferromagnetic material with a hexagonal lattice, in which three Mn atoms come together to form a trimer, making it remarkably different from other magnetic two-dimensional materials. Most impressively, there occurs a sharp increase of the Curie temperature from 54 to 225 K when the number of layers increases from 1 to 3. However, no quantitative explanation has been reported in previous studies. Herein, by means of the first-principles calculation method and the Monte Carlo method, we demonstrate that strong interlayer ferromagnetic coupling plays an essential role in enhancing its critical temperature, which acts as a magnetic field to stabilize the ferromagnetism in MnSn multilayers. Our work not only explains the sharp increase of the Curie temperature of the MnSn film in experiments but also reveals that the interlayer coupling is a new routine to achieve high-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional materials.

A two-dimensional topological nodal-line material MgN4 with extremely large magnetoresistance.

Using first-principles calculations, we predict a stable two-dimensional atomically thin material MgN4. This material has a perfect intrinsic electron-hole compensation characteristic with high carrier mobility, making it a promising candidate material with extremely large magnetoresistance. As the magnetic field increases, the magnetoresistance of the monolayer MgN4 will show a quadratic dependence on the strength of the magnetic field without saturation. Furthermore, nontrivial topological properties are also found in this material. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling, the monolayer MgN4 belongs to a topological nodal-line material, in which the band crossings form a closed saddle-shape nodal-ring near the Fermi level in the Brillouin zone. Once the spin-orbit coupling is considered, a small local energy gap is opened along the nodal ring, resulting in a topological insulator defined on a curved Fermi surface with 2 = 1. The combination of two-dimensional single-atomic-layer thickness, an extremely large magnetoresistance effect, and topological non-trivial properties in the monolayer MgN4 makes it an excellent platform for designing novel multi-functional devices.

Neutralization of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 and BA.2.75 by Booster Vaccination or BA.2 Breakthrough Infection Sera

Many new Omicron sub-lineages have been reported to evade neutralizing antibody response, including BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5. Most recently, another emerging sub-lineage BA.2.75 has been reported in multiple countries. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive panel of pseudoviruses (PsVs), including wild-type, Delta, BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.2.3.1, BA.2.10.1, BA.2.12.1, BA.2.13, BA.2.75 and BA.4/BA.5, with accumulate coverage reached 91% according to the proportion of sequences deposited in GISAID database since Jan 1st, 2022. We collected serum samples from healthy adults at day14 post homologous booster with BBIBP-CorV, or heterologous booster with ZF2001, primed with two doses of BBIBP-CorV, or from convalescents immunized with three-dose inactivated vaccines prior to infection with Omicron BA.2, and tested their neutralization activity on this panel of PsVs. Our results demonstrated that all Omicron sub-lineages showed substantial evasion of neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination and infection, although BA.2.75 accumulated the largest number of mutations in its spike, BA.4 and BA.5 showed the strongest serum escape. However, BA.2 breakthrough infection could remarkably elevated neutralization titers against all different variants, especially titers against BA.2 and its derivative sub-lineages.

Antibody Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2 and BA.3 Sub-lineages

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has been partitioned into four sub-lineages designated BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2 and BA.3, with BA.2 becoming dominant worldwide recently by outcompeting BA.1 and BA.1.1. We and others have reported the striking antibody evasion of BA.1 and BA.2, but side-by-side comparison of susceptibility of all the major Omicron sub-lineages to vaccine-elicited or monoclonal antibody (mAb)-mediated neutralization are urgently needed. Using VSV-based pseudovirus, we found that sera from individuals vaccinated by two doses of inactivated whole-virion vaccines (BBIBP-CorV) showed very weak to no neutralization activity, while a homologous inactivated vaccine booster or a heterologous booster with protein subunit vaccine (ZF2001) markedly improved the neutralization titers against all Omicron variants. The comparison between sub-lineages indicated that BA.1.1, BA.2 and BA.3 had comparable or even greater antibody resistance than BA.1. We further evaluated the neutralization profile of a panel of 20 mAbs, including 10 already authorized or approved, against these Omicron sub-lineages as well as viruses with different Omicron spike single or combined mutations. Most mAbs lost their neutralizing activity completely or substantially, while some demonstrated distinct neutralization patterns among Omicron sub-lineages, reflecting their antigenic difference. Taken together, our results suggest all four Omicron sub-lineages threaten the efficacies of current vaccines and antibody therapeutics, highlighting the importance of vaccine boosters to combat the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Comparison of three fixed-field IMRT plans for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To compare three fixed-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors, including the coplanar IMRT (C-IMRT) plan and the non-coplanar IMRT(NC-IMRT) plan which were based on a conventional C-arm LINAC (Trilogy), and the coplanar IMRT (H-IMRT) plan based on an O-ring LINAC (Halcyon).Methods:Based on the data of 10 patients in the Ningbo First Hospital from December 2018 to December 2021 with nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors who underwent postoperative radiotherapy, this study redesigned three IMRT plans with the same prescribed doses and optimization objectives. Then, this study compared the doses of target volumes and organ at risks(OARs), the validation pass rates, and the execution time of these plans. Friedman test was employed in this study, and multiple comparisons were further made in cases of different results.Results:The differences in the conformal index (CI) of PTV and PTV boost of the three plans were statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.51, 9.69, P < 0.05). The multiple comparisons showed that the median CI of the H-IMRT plan was higher than that of the NC-IMRT plan ( Z = 2.53, 2.68, P < 0.05). The differences in other parameters of target volumes were not statistically significant. Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, bilateral corneas, ipsilateral optic nerve, and ipsilateral eyeball ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.81, 2.09, P < 0.05). Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the NC-IMRT reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, corneas, and eyeballs and contralateral optic nerve ( Z = 2.80, 2.66, 2.80, 2.70, 2.29, 2.29, 2.65, P < 0.05) and reduced the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). Compared with the NC-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of the ipsilateral lens and cornea ( Z = 2.50, 2.08, P < 0.05), but increased the Dmax of the contralateral optic nerve and the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). The validation pass rate of the three plans met the institutional standards, and the differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, the H-IMRT plan had the shortest median execution time (172.00 s), followed by the C-IMRT plan (337.50 s), and the NC-IMRT plan (388.00 s). Conclusions:The verification pass rate of the three plans can achieve the requirements of treatment implementation. The three plans had similar dosimetric differences in target volumes. However, the H-IMRT and NC-IMRT plans can protect the normal tissues (especially optical organs) more effectively than the C-IMRT plan, which is conducive to reducing the toxicity after radiotherapy and provides space for local dose increase or the radiotherapy for the treatment of tumor recurrence. The execution efficiency of the three plans is in the order of H-IMRT > C-IMRT > NC-IMRT. It is necessary to select appropriate radiotherapy equipment and technology according to actual situations.

O'Sullivan-McLeod Syndrome: A Case Report / 罕见病研究

O'Sullivan-Mcleod syndrome is a very rare variant of MND with a good prognosis. Its clinical feature is distal lower motor neuron syndrome of both upper limbs, and there is no effective treatment at present. We reported a case of O'Sullivan-Mcleod syndrome in this paper.The patient exhibited with middle-aged progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy of both upper limbs, without sensory, cognitive or behavioral impairment and without pyramidal tract sign. Laboratory examination, imaging and genetic tests showed no obvious abnormalities. EMG revealed neurogenic damage to the small muscles of both hands. Now we retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of a patient with O'Sullivan-McLeod syndrome, and data from 18 cases for comparative analysis, in order to improve its understanding by clinicians.

Analysis on the difference of circulating threshold of polymerase chain reaction in blood screening of external quality assessment / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the difference of circulating threshold (Ct) of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in blood station laboratories during the external quality assessment, and to put forward suggestions for the quality improvement of participating laboratories. 【Methods】 From 2018 to 2021, the blood station laboratories participated in the external laboratory quality assessment of CITIC including blood screening items with nucleic acid testing method. The data of Roche diagnostic reagent group were used as the source, and the detected Ct values of three groups of quality control samples of HBV A subtype (400 IU/mL), HCV 1b subtype (400 IU/mL) and HIV B genotype (500 IU/mL) were used as the objects. The data were grouped according to quality control (sample) batches, reagent batches and different laboratories. Using the statistical method of variance analysis (assuming P<0.05 as significant), the detected Ct value of each group was analyzed. 【Results】 For the three items (HBV/HCV/HIV), the grouping data involving 42 batches of quality control (13/12/17), 28 batches of reagent (11/8/9) and 57 laboratories (19/19/19) were selected. The grouping analysis of quality assessment batches shows that there was no significant difference between HBV and HCV quality assessment batches, and there was no significant difference between other HIV batches except the two batches of HIV quality assessment samples released in 2021. The grouping analysis of each reagent batch showed that there was no significant difference between each reagent batch for HCV and HIV detection, while there was significant difference between two batches of HBV reagents. After excluding the data groups with significant differences in the quality control batch groups and the reagent batch groups, the detected Ct value of each laboratory group had extremely significant differences in the three items of HBV, HCV and HIV. Through pairing analysis, it was found that four laboratories had significant differences with most other laboratories in the three items, mainly manifested in the high mean value of Ct. 【Conclusion】 For the blood station laboratories with correct test results of quality assessment samples, there are differences in Ct values detected by PCR, which may be mainly caused by the detection ability of the participating laboratories.

Clinical analysis of patients with lung cancer complicating "persistent inflammation-immunosuppression-catabolic syndrome" / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of persistent inflammation-immunosuppression-catabolic syndrome(PICS)in patients with lung cancer and explore possible risk factors.Methods:The total of 109 lung cancer patients with hospital stay >14 d in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2017 to June 2020 were selected as study subjects.According to the PICS diagnostic criteria, the patients were divided into the PICS group(43 cases)and non-PICS group(66 cases). The clinical characteristics and prognosis of the two groups of patients were compared, and the risk factors of PICS during hospitalization were analyzed.Results:PICS occurred in 43 of the 109 subjects(39.40%). The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in the PICS group than in the non-PICS group(39.53% vs.7.58%, χ2=16.508, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age>60 years( P=0.039), pulmonary infection( P=0.042), clinical stage Ⅳ( P=0.006), small cell lung cancer( P=0.017), albumin<30 g/L( P=0.001)were independent risk factors for PICS in lung cancer patients.A subgroup analysis of patients receiving chemotherapy showed that chemotherapy cycle>4( P=0.034)was risk factors for PICS in lung cancer patients. Conclusions:Patients with lung cancer complicated with PICS have a high in-hospital mortality rate.The risk factors for lung cancer complicated with PICS include old age, pulmonary infection, clinical stage Ⅳ, small cell lung cancer, albumin<30 g/L, and chemotherapy cycles>4.