Embolisation of hydatid cysts in the pulmonary artery presenting with haemoptysis.

A 49-year-old female patient who had undergone surgery for hepatic echinococcosis five years previously was admitted with haemoptysis. MRI angiography showed total occlusion of the left inferior pulmonary artery. Echocardiography showed no pulmonary hypertension. The patient underwent pneumonectomy and cysts in the left pulmonary artery were observed. Pulmonary artery involvement should be considered in patients who have undergone hepatic cyst surgery if haemoptysis is the first presenting symptom, especially in endemic regions for hydatidosis.

Supravalvular aortic stenosis without Williams syndrome.

In this article, the case of a 30-years-old female patient with supravalvular aortic stenosis is reported. Her clinical picture was otherwise completely different from Williams syndrome. Since supravalvular aortic stenosis is rarely seen, its forms are discussed and it is concluded that supravalvular aortic stenosis can be present without Williams syndrome.

Empyema thoracis--a series of 230 cases.

A retrospective analysis of 230 cases of empyema thoracis which occurred in our clinic during the last 14 years have been presented. The causes, the pathogen organism, treatment with antibiotic are enumerated. The surgical treatment carried in resistant cases have been described Ten patients (4.34 percent) died due to respiratory failure and septic shock. Importance of early and appropriate treatment has been stressed.

Lung hydatid cyst rupture and its surgery.

Hydatid cysts are common in Turkey. Authors have seen 248 cases of lung hydatid cysts; Fifty hydatid cyst of lung had ruptured. Their symptoms and detailed findings are reported. Rupture caused asphyxia in 3, haemoptysis in 20, lung abcess in 16, rupture in pleural cavity in 4 and anaphylactic reaction in one case.

Dangerous pencils and a new technique for removal of foreign bodies.

Aspirated foreign bodies are important problems during childhood. Some instances may be fatal. Most of the foreign bodies are removed with use of classic instruments like rigid bronchoscopes and foreign body forceps. But sometimes we fail to remove them, particularly aspirated beads and spherical objects. In this case, a Fogarty catheter is helpful. Although we have had many experiences recently we failed to remove one aspirated foreign body which was a pencil cap. We succeeded in removing this pencil cap with a new technique that is explained in this article. We used a Storz transbronchial aspiration biopsy needle and a cotton-carrier stylet to remove the pencil cap.

Injuries of the peripheral arteries and their surgical treatment.

196 cases of peripheral arterial injury presented to our clinic between 1976 and 1986 are summarised. Most of the cases were between 11 and 30 years of age and most of the injuries were by fire-arms and sharp weapons. The most common localisations were a. femoralis (29% cases), a. poplitea and branches (28%), a. brachialis injury (20%). The most common surgical measures were end-to-end anastomosis (43% cases) and venous orthograft replacement (17%). There were 5 mortalities. Factors affecting treatment success are discussed.

The hydatid cyst of the lung in children and results of surgical treatment.

Between 1976 and 1986 one hundred and ten children with pulmonary hydatid disease were treated surgically. Sixty five of the patients were males and 45 were females. We diagnosed hydatid cyst in 36 cases submitted in our clinic with hemoptysis. Thirty of the patients had cough, 16 had chest pain and dyspnea, 12 had purulent sputum and 8 cases had fever and anaphylactic phenomena. In most of the patients hydatid cysts were localised in the right lung. However, they had affinity for the lower lobes of both lungs, rather than the upper lobes. The radiological examination was found to be the most reliable diagnostic method. In the majority of our cases we performed thoracotomy + cystotomy + capitonnage, while in some cases we performed resection, like cystectomy, wedge resection and lobectomy. We did not encounter any serious operative and postoperative complications, except for one pleural empyema and a single case of mortality.

[Closed injury of the pericardium]. / Fedett pericardium sérülés.

The closed rupture of the pericardium without accompanying intrathoracal injuries, is a rare lesion. These cases are diagnosed generally at autopsy. Authors describe a case, successfully treated by operation.

Surgery in hydatid cyst of the lung. A report of 460 cases.

A series of 460 surgically treated cases of hydatid cyst of the lung is presented. Radiologic preoperative diagnosis was made in 90% of the patients. Cystotomy with subsequent capitonnage was performed in 395 cases, wedge resection in 27, lobectomy in 15 and segmental resection in 23 cases. After careful hemostasis, two drains were placed in the thorax and the thoracic cavity was closed. There were three postoperative deaths (0.6%) and two recurrences of cyst (0.4%) during follow-up investigation for periods up to 10 years.

Methods of treatment of childhood empyema in a Turkish university hospital.

In the last ten years, 120 patients were admitted to our clinic with empyema. Empyema and effusion have been investigated for pathogenesis. Microbiologic studies of pleural aspiration fluid showed that Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen, found in 44 patients (36.7 percent). Other pathogens found were streptococci in 23 (19.2 percent) and Pneumococcus in 18 (15 percent) in sequence. No production occurred in cultures of 19 (15.8 percent) patients. In 16 (13.3 percent), Pseudomonas and Enterobacteria such as E coli, Klebsiella and Proteus occurred. Surgical intervention has been carried out depending on clinical conditions. In the 24 (20 percent) patients, pleural aspiration and lavage, decortication in 23 (19.2 percent), pulmonary resection (segmentectomy, lobectomy) in seven (5.8 percent), and only drainage and thoracic lavage in 66 (52.5 percent) have been carried out. Three patients (2.5 percent) died due to respiratory failure and septic shock, and the others have been discharged with healing.