Synthesis of 4-styrylquinolines via direct oxidative C3-alkenylation of anthranils under Pd(II) catalysis.

The palladium-catalyzed oxidative C3-alkenylation of anthranils (2,1-benzisoxazoles) with various styrenes has been successfully achieved. The C3-alkenylated anthranils were subsequently utilized in a [4+2]-cycloaddition with in situ generated α,ß-unsaturated ketones leading to the synthesis of a diverse range of olefin-containing quinolines. Notably, this reaction exclusively yielded mono-alkenylated products with E-selectivity. The optimized catalytic conditions were compatible with a wide variety of substituted olefins and anthranils, forming various C3-alkenylated anthranils with good yields. To showcase the application of the present methodology, the C3-alkenylated anthranils have been employed as synthons to access a wide range of substituted quinolines.

Fluence dependent dynamics of excitons in monolayer MoSi2Z4(Z = pnictogen).

Reduced dielectric screening in two-dimensional materials enables bound excitons, which modifies their optical absorption and optoelectronic response. Here, we demonstrate the existence of excitons in the bandgap of the monolayer family of the newly discovered syntheticMoSi2Z4(Z=N, P, and As) series of materials. All three monolayers support several bright and strongly bound excitons with binding energies varying from 1 eV to 1.35 eV for the lowest energy exciton resonances. We show that on increasing the pump fluence or photo-excited carrier density, the lowest energy exciton first undergoes a redshift followed by a blueshift, due to the renormalized exciton binding energies. The exciton binding energy varies as a Lennard-Jones-like potential as a function of the inter-exciton spacing. This establishes an atom-like attractive and repulsive interaction between excitons depending on the inter-exciton separation. Our study shows that theMoSi2Z4series of monolayers offer an exciting test-bed for exploring the physics of strongly bound excitons and their non-equilibrium dynamics.

Competing magnetic interactions and magnetocaloric effect in Ho5Sn3.

The rare-earth intermetallic compound Ho5Sn3demonstrates fascinating magnetic properties, which include temperature-driven multiple magnetic transitions and field-driven metamagnetism. We address the magnetic character of this exciting compound through a combined experimental and theoretical studies. Ho5Sn3orders antiferromagnetically below 28 K, and shows further spin reorientation transitions at 16 K and 12 K. We observe a sizable amount of low-temperature magnetocaloric effect (MEC) in Ho5Sn3with a maximum value of entropy change ΔS= -9.5 J Kg-1 K-1for an applied field ofH= 50 kOe at around 30 K. The field hysteresis is almost zero above 15 K where the MEC is important. Interestingly, ΔSis found to change its sign from positive to negative as the temperature is increased above about 8 K, which can be linked to the multiple spin reorientation transitions. The signature of the metamagnetism is visible in the ΔSversusHplot. The magnetic ground state, obtained from the density functional theory based calculation, is susceptible to the effective Coulomb interaction (Ueff) between electrons. Depending upon the value ofUeff, the ground state can be ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic. The compound shows large relaxation (14% change in magnetisation in 60 min) in the field cooled state with a logarithmic time variation, which may be connected to the competing magnetic correlations observed in our theoretical calculations. The competing magnetic ground states are equally evident from the small value of the paramagnetic Curie-Weiss temperature.

DMSO as a Methine Source in TFA-Mediated One-Pot Tandem Regioselective Synthesis of 3-Substituted-1-Aryl-1H-Pyrazolo-[3,4-b]quinolines from Anilines and Pyrazolones.

An acid-mediated and DMSO participant one-pot tandem synthesis of 3-substituted-1-aryl-1H-pyrazolo-[3,4- b]quinoline from readily available anilines and pyrazolones was achieved. This method enables regioselective construction of the valuable heterocycles under transition-metal and oxidant-free conditions in which DMSO acts as a methine source as well as solvent making this process an environmentally benign approach. A broad range of diversely substituted aryl amines and pyrazolines are successfully employed in this reaction to access a series of pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolones through a novel cascade mechanism. Furthermore, the application and mechanistic studies of the present methodology also demonstrated.