RESUMO
Serine/threonine kinase Akt, an important component of the insulin signaling pathway, plays an essential role in many physiological processes. In this study, we identified and characterized an Akt gene (designated LsAkt) from the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne. LsAkt contains a 1614 bp open reading frame encoding a 537 amino acid protein that possesses a conserved pleckstrin homology domain and a serine/threonine kinase domain. The expression of LsAkt was high in pupal stages and peaked in day-4 female pupae. In adult tissues, LsAkt was highly expressed in the thorax, ovary, and midgut. The expression of LsAkt was induced by methoprene or bovine insulin in vivo, but significantly decreased by 20-hydroxyecdysone. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of LsAkt resulted in severely blocked ovarian development and reduced fecundity and hatchability. The vitellogenin (Vg) content and juvenile hormone (JH) titers of LsAkt-depletion beetles were decreased, and expressions of Vg and four JH signaling and biosynthetic genes were significantly decreased. Silencing of LsAkt reduced the amounts of glucose, glycogen, and trehalose in female adults and affected the expressions of seven key carbohydrate metabolic genes. Taken together, it is inferred that Akt implicates in L. serricorne reproduction by modification of Vg synthesis, juvenile hormone production and carbohydrate metabolism.
RESUMO
The complete mitochondrial genome of Phintella cavaleriei is 14,325 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. The overall nucleotide composition is 35.04% A, 8.46% C, 13.41% G, and 43.09% T, with a total of A + T content of 78.13%. Ten PCGs start with typical ATN codons, two genes (cox2 and cox3) begin with TTG, and cox1 use TTA as initiation codon. Ten PCGs use usual termination codon of TAA or TAG, whereas the remaining three PCGs had an incomplete termination codon (T-). Seven tRNAs (trnY, trnC, trnG, trnN, trnH, trnP, and trnV) lacked the TΨC arm stem, while two tRNAs (trnS1 and trnS2 ) lost the dihydrouracil (DHU) arm. Phylogenetic analysis based on 13 PCGs indicated that P. cavaleriei was closely related to Cheliceroides longipalpis, and clustered within Salticidae clade.
RESUMO
The complete mitochondrial genome of Pisaura bicornis (GenBank accession number MN296112) is 15,281 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. The overall base composition of this genome is A (35.65%), C (8.12%), G (13.47%) and T (42.76%), demonstrating an obvious bias of high AT content (73.2%). ATT, ATA, TTG were initiation codons and TAA, TAG, and T were termination codons. Ten tRNAs (trnD, trnF, trnG, trnH, trnK, trnP, trnR, trnT, trnY, and trnE) lacked the TΨC arm stem, while three tRNAs (trnA, trnS1 , and trnS2 ) lost the dihydrouracil (DHU) arm. Phylogenetic tree based on 13 PCGs showed that P. bicornis is closely related to Dolomedes angustivirgatus and belongs to Pisauridae.
RESUMO
The complete mitogenome of Smaragdina nigrifrons (GenBank accession number MN584924) is 15,903 bp in length, and includes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a control region. The overall base composition was as follows: A, 38.18%; T, 35.25%; C, 15.97%; and G, 10.60%, with a total of A + T content of 73.43%. Eleven reading frame overlaps and thirteen intergenic regions were found in the mitogenome of S. nigrifrons. All 13 PCGs are initiated with the typical ATN codons, and are terminated with either the complete TAA/TAG codons or a single T residue. All tRNAs possess the typical cloverleaf secondary structures except for trnS1 (AGN). Phylogenetic analyses showed that S. nigrifrons was closely related to Cucujus clavipes, which was consistent with the conventional taxonomy.
RESUMO
The complete mitochondrial genome of Purpuricenus temminckii (GenBank accession number MN527358) is 15,689 bp in length, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. The overall base composition is A (39.56%), C (17.52%), G (10.90%), and T (32.02%), with a high AT bias of 71.58%. All tRNAs have the typical cloverleaf structure except for trnS1 and the length of them range from 62 to 71 bp. Phylogenetic tree showed that P. temminckii was clustered with three Cerambycidae species, which agree with the traditional classification.
RESUMO
The complete mitochondrial genome of Tylorida striata (GenBank accession number MN615900) is 14,422 bp in length with a high AT bias of 71.73%. It contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a putative control region. The gene order of T. striata was identical to other spider mitogenomes. Eleven tRNAs (trnW, trnY, trnC, trnD, trnG, trnL2 , trnR, trnF, trnP, trnI, and trnL1 ) lose the TΨC-stems, whereas two tRNAs (trnS1 and trnS2 ) lack the dihydrouracil (DHU) arm. Phylogenetic tree based on concatenated amino acid sequences of 13 PCGs showed that T. striata is clustered with two Tetragnathidae species and recovered as sister of other two Tetragnathids.
