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Objective To explore the change of brain functional connectivity strength in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and its neuropathological mechanism.Methods Fifty-six T2DM patients who visited Gansu Provincial Hospital from October 2017 to March 2021 were selected as T2DM group,and 48 healthy controls were selected as control group.A prospective study was conducted on the changes in brain function in T2DM patients by analysis of resting state functional connectivity strength(FCS)and functional connectivity(FC)based on seed points.Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging,clinical variable collection,and neuropsychological testing of patients in two groups were performed.We calculate the FCS value,evaluate the brain function changes of the two groups in the resting state,take the brain regions with significant differences between the groups as the seed points and perform functional connectivity analysis with the whole brain.Correlation analysis was conducted between the FCS,FC values of the different brain regions and clinical variables such as fasting blood glucose(FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),thyroid hormone(TSH)levels,as well as the scores of mini mental state examination(MMSE),Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),clock drawing test(CDT),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD-24)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA).Results Compared with control group,the HAMD-24 and HAMA scores in T2DM group significantly increased(P<0.01),while the MoCA scores decreased(P<0.05);In T2DM group,the FCS value of the right middle temporal gyrus increased(GRF correction,voxel level P<0.001,clustering level P<0.05),and the FC value of the right middle temporal gyrus-left anterior cingulate cortex decreased(GRF correction,voxel level P<0.001,clustering level P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the FC value of right middle temporal gyrus-left anterior cingulate cortex in T2DM patients was negatively correlated with HAMD-24 score(r=-0.395,P=0.003),HbA1c level(r=-0.303,P=0.023),and positively correlated with TSH level(r=0.324,P=0.017).Conclusions The increase of FCS value in the right middle temporal gyrus and the decrease of FC value in the right middle temporal gyrus-left anterior cingulate cortex may be important neuroimaging features of brain function damage in T2DM patients.HbA1c may play an important role in the process of brain damage in T2DM patients.
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Two undescribed nitrogen bridged cassane alkaloids (caesanamides A-B) and five undescribed oxygen bridged cassane diterpenoids (caesalpinins JA-JE), together with six known analogs, were isolated and identified from the seeds of Caesalpinia sappan. Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were unequivocally elucidated by the analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data, ECD calculations, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the CASE algorithm. Among them, caesanamides A and B represent the first examples of cassane alkaloids bearing unique ring systems of an amide bridge between C-19/C-20 incorporating a 1,3-oxazolidine (6/6/6/5/6/5) or a 7-one-1,3-oxazepine (6/6/6/5/6/7). Caesalpinin JA is an A/B cis-20-norcassane diterpenoid with a rare five-membered oxygen bridge between C-10/C-18. Biological evaluation showed that cassane alkaloids exhibited significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 13.48 ± 1.07 µM (caesanamide A), 18.91 ± 0.98 µM (caesanamide B), and 7.82 ± 0.65 µM (caesanine B). Further flow cytometry analysis revealed that caesanine B could cause G0G1 cell cycle arrest and promote apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in HepG2 cells.
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Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos , Caesalpinia , Diterpenos , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Apoptose , Caesalpinia/química , Diterpenos/química , Estrutura Molecular , Sementes/químicaRESUMO
Two new cassane-type derivatives (1-2), together with three known compounds (3-5), were isolated from the seed kernels of Caesalpinia sinensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of interpretation of comprehensive spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy, and the absolute configuration were established by means of ECD calculation. Compound 2, possessing a 16-degradative cassane skeleton, was rarely encountered in cassane diterpenoids isolated from the genus Caesalpinia. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities against the overproduction of NO in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, and compounds 1-5 could inhibit production of NO at the concentration of 50 µM.
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Caesalpinia , Diterpenos , Caesalpinia/química , Estrutura Molecular , Sementes/química , Diterpenos/farmacologia , Diterpenos/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologiaRESUMO
To evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) invigorating spleen unit therapy on inflammatory markers of osteoarthritis(OA) patients by random walk model. The patient information was collected by the data processing system of medical records of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In-patient information of the department of rheumatology of the hospital between June 2012 and December 2016 was collected and summarized. Based on the use of traditional Chinese medicine decoction and hospital-prepared compound Qiyi Capsules(Xinfeng Capsules),the patients were divided into the unit therapy group and the simple endotherapy group. The random walk model was used to evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine invigorating spleen unit therapy on TCM spleen therapy unit(ESR) and high sensitive C reactive protein(hs-CRP). A total of 3 517 cases of OA patients met the study requirements. The simple endotherapy group had 1 771 cases(50. 36%),while the unit therapy group had 1 746 cases(49. 64%). The baseline data analysis showed that the general information of the cases,the TCM oral intake frequency and the core prescription information had no statistically significant difference,with comparability. The unit therapy group showed the maximum ESR stochastic volatility at 924,walking step number of 1 771,forward walking growth rate at 0. 264 5,ratio at3. 78,random fluctuation power law at 0. 306 5± 0. 076 8,positive increase rate of comprehensive evaluation index at 0. 264 5,and comprehensive evaluation index record number of 1 771; whereas the simple endotherapy group showed the maximum ESR random fluctuation value at 478,walking step number of 1 399,forward walking growth rate at 0. 152 4,ratio at 6. 56,random fluctuation power law at 0. 347 4±0. 101 7,positive increase rate of comprehensive evaluation index at 0. 152 4,and comprehensive evaluation index record number of 1 399. The unit therapy group showed the maximum hs-CRP random fluctuation value at 391,walking step number of1 081,forward walking growth rate at 0. 178 1,ratio at 5. 62,random fluctuation power law at 0. 343 6±0. 094 7,positive increase rate of comprehensive evaluation index at 0. 178 1,and comprehensive evaluation index record number of 1 081; while the simple endotherapy groups showed the maximum hs-CRP random fluctuation value at 210,walking step number of 797,forward walking growth rate at0. 113 2,ratio at 8. 83,random fluctuation power law at 0. 382 6±0. 109,positive increase rate of comprehensive evaluation index at0. 113 2,and comprehensive evaluation index record number of 797. According to our department of rheumatism,there was a longrange correlation between the two groups in the comprehensive evaluation index and the intervention measures. TCM spleen strengthening unit therapy has a better effect in alleviating the inflammatory index of OA than traditional Chinese medicine.
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Humanos , Biomarcadores , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Usos Terapêuticos , Inflamação , Diagnóstico , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Osteoartrite , Tratamento Farmacológico , BaçoRESUMO
This paper aims to investigate the effect of oral administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with traditional Chinese medicine on immune inflammatory index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis,in order to explore the compatibility mode of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Medical records of hospitalized patients with rheumatology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2012 to December 2017 were collected. The combined administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets and traditional Chinese medicine was adopted for the experimental group,while the simply administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets were adopted for the control group. SPSS 21. 0 was used to analyze the changes of general conditions and immune inflammatory metabolic indexes in the two groups of RA patients. The association rules were analyzed by SPSS Clementine 14. 2 software Apriori module,and the random walk model was evaluated by ORACLE 10 g tool. The results showed that a total of 1 220 patients with rheumatoid arthritis met the requirements of this study,including 322 in the experimental group and 898 in the control group. Before treatment,there was no significant difference in age and duration between the two groups. The difference value of Ig A,Ig G,RF,CCP-AB,hs-CRP and ESR in the two groups of RA patients decreased before and after treatment,and the experimental group was superior to the control group in reduction of Ig A,Ig G,RF,CCP-AB,hs-CRP and ESR.The control group was superior to the experimental group in reduction of Ig M( P<0. 01 or P<0. 05). Compared with before treatment,ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,CREA,BUN,b-MG,MA,TRU and Ig U all increased,with statistically significant differences( P<0. 01).The UA of the two groups of RA patients decreased after treatment,with statistically significant differences( P<0. 01). The experimental group was superior to the control group in reduction of UA,with statistically significant differences( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). The herbs adopted in the prescriptions of 1 220 patients were mainly classified into four categories,namely spleen-sweating herbs,blood-activating and stasis-relieving herbs,phlegm and phlegm-relieving herbs,and heat-clearing and antidote herbs. The results of association rule analysis indicated a significant correlation between the single-flavored Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets,oral Chinese medicine and immune inflammation,and improvement of liver and kidney function indexes. The results of the random walk model analysis indicated that the experimental group's Ig M and hs-CRP were superior to those of the control group in terms of random fluctuation maximum,walking positive growth rate,comprehensive evaluation index increasing rate,comprehensive improvement rate,comprehensive evaluation index recording times,and expected improvement value. The results of this study showed that the single administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets can effectively improve the immune inflammatory metabolic index of patients with rheumatoid arthritis,and the combined administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets and traditional Chinese medicine could alleviate the immune inflammatory index of RA patients and reduce liver and kidney dysfunction compared with simple oral administration. The comprehensive evaluation Ig M and hs-CRP in the group of combined administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets and traditional Chinese medicine were better than those in the group of the Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets. There was a long-term correlation between the comprehensive evaluation index and the intervention measures of the two groups of patients.
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Humanos , Artrite Reumatoide , Tratamento Farmacológico , Mineração de Dados , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Farmacologia , Glicosídeos , Farmacologia , Rim , Fígado , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Comprimidos , Tripterygium , QuímicaRESUMO
The effect of triptolide( TP) on VEGFA,SDF-1,CXCR4 pathway were investigated in vitro to explore the mechanism in improving platelet activation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis( AS). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells( PBMC) were used for the experiment and divided into 4 groups: normal group( NC),model group( MC),triptolide group( TP),and AMD3100 group. The optimal concentration of TP was measured by the MTT method. The expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-4,IL-10,VEGFA and VEGFR were detected by ELISA. The expressions of SDF-1,CXCR4 and VEGFA were detected by real-time quantitative PCR( RT-qPCR).The expressions of SDF-1,CXCR4,VEGFA and VEGFR were detected by Western blot. The expression levels of CD62 p,CD40 L and PDGFA were detected by immunofluorescence. MTT results showed that medium-dose TP had the strongest inhibitory effect on cells at24 h. The results of ELISA and PCR showed that TP inhibited mRNA expressions of IL-1β,TNF-α,VEGFA,VEGFR and SDF-1,CXCR4 and VEGFA. The results of Western blot indicated that TP inhibited SDF-1,CXCR4 and VEGFA,VEGFR protein expressions; immunofluorescence results indicate that TP can inhibit the expressions of CD62 p,CD40 L,PDGFA. TP may regulate platelet activation by down-regulating SDF-1,CXCR4,VEGFA and VEGFR mRNA expressions,thereby down-regulating IL-1β and TNF-αexpressions,and up-regulating the expressions of IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines.