Correlation between age of menarche/first spermatozoa and obesity in urban and rural primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the pubertal development of primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021, so as to provide clues for further clarification of the health hazards of early pubertal initiation.@*Methods@#From October to November 2021, primary and secondary school students in 12 provinces and cities of Inner Mongolia were selected by stratified cluster random sampling, including 21 662 girls who had reached menarche and 10 600 boys who had their first seminal emission, as well as 46 183 girls who had not reached menarche and 78 995 boys who had not experienced their first seminal emission. The height and weight of the primary and secondary school students were measured, and the time of first seminal emission or menarche was recorded. The study used the Mann-Whitney U test to analyze the differences between urban and rural students, Spearmans rank correlation to analyze the correlation between overweight and obesity and the age of pubertal initiation, and the Logistic regression model to analyze the correlation between pubertal initiation and age of pubertal initiation.@*Results@#The age of menarche for urban girls [(12.31±1.29) years old] was earlier than that of suburban girls [(12.43±1.24) years old], and the age of first spermatozoa for urban boys [(13.85±1.20) years old] was statistically significant compared with that of suburban boys [(13.79±1.36) years old] (t=12.76, 10.58, P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the age of menarche and overweight/obesity among girls aged 10-14 years (r=-0.169, P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant correlation between the age of spermarche and overweight/obesity in boys aged 5-9, 10-14, and 15-20 years (r=0.122, -0.022, -0.004, P>0.05). The occurrence of menarche in overweight girls was 1.06(95%CI=1.01-1.11) times higher than that in the normal group, and 1.13(95%CI=1.06-1.20) times higher among obese girls than normalweight girls. Compared to urban areas, primary and secondary school students in suburban counties observed the onset of puberty later [OR=0.88(95%CI=0.85-0.91) for menarche, OR=0.94(95%CI=0.89-0.99) for first spermatozoa] (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Obesity during childhood and adolescence is associated with earlier onset of puberty among female students in Inner Mongolia, and later onset of puberty among primary and secondary school students in suburban counties compared with those in urban areas.

Co-occurrence trend of school bullying and depression and its correlation with dietary patterns among middle school students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the correlation between school bullying and depressive symptoms comorbidity and dietary patterns among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2021, so as to provide reference for the prevention of school bullying and depressive symptoms.@*Methods@#In September 2021, stratified random cluster sampling was used to select 87 414 middle school students in 12 leagues in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depression, and the bullying was determined according to the items related to bullying in the program of Chinese National Surveillance on Students Common Diseases and Risk Factors.@*Results@#In 2021, the detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was 15.24%, school bullying was 3.02%, and the co-occurrence of school bullying and depression was 1.64%. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school students ( OR =1.52) and girls ( OR =1.10) were more likely to suffer from comorbidity of school bullying and depression ( P < 0.05). Eating fried food less than one and more than once a day, smoking and drinking were positively correlated with school bullying and depression comorbidity ( OR =2.15,2.11,2.14,1.70, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The combination of bullying and depression among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is affected by various dietary methods. In terms of diet, reducing the intake of fried food, no smoking, no drinking can effectively reduce the incidence of co-occurrence school bullying and depression.

Co-morbidity of overweight,obesity and depression and its influencing factors among students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the prevalence of overweight, obesity and depression among students in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2019-2022 and explore the relevant factors affecting the co-morbidity of overweight,obesity and depression among students, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of co-morbidity.@*Methods@#From September 2019 to 2022, used stratified random cluster sampling, 90 519,71 560,90 079,91 089 students were selected from all 12 leagues in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for questionnaire survey and physical examination. The χ 2 test was used for demographic characteristics and univariate analysis, and a binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the association between lifestyle behaviors and co-morbidity.@*Results@#The detection rate of overweight,obesity among students from 2019-2022 was 29.21%,34.38%,35.20%,34.61%, the detection rate of depression was 18.35%，17.53%，16.43%，16.00%, and the co-morbidity detection rate of the two was 5.52%，5.93%，5.76%，5.46%. The number of overweight,obesity and depression co-morbidity students in 2022 was 4 978 students, and the co-morbidity detection rates of the students were significantly different in terms of the school segments and the family structures ( χ 2=103.51, 99.90, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that consuming sugar sweetened beverages or fried food ≥1 time/d, sometimes or never eat breakfast, watching computer or TV ≥2 h/d, and less than 1 h of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekends were positively correlated with the occurrence of the co-morbidity of overweight,obesity and depression, with the value of OR ranging from 1.17 to 1.59 ( P <0.05). Eated fresh fruits or drinking milk and soy milk ≥1 time/d, outdoor activities ≥1 h/d, sleep ≥8 h/d, not smoking and not drinking alcohol were negatively correlated with the occurrence of comorbid overweight,obesity and depression, with the value of OR ranging from 0.47 to 0.92 ( P < 0.05).@*Conclusion@#The occurrence of overweight,obesity and depressive symptoms co-morbidity in students is associated with dietary, exercise and lifestyle behavior. Targeted measures should be taken to maintain students healthy weight and prevent the occurrence of depression from the aspects of diet, exercise and life habits.

Clinical Observation of Electroacupuncture plus Needle-cupping for Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture plus needle-cupping in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH). Method Eighty patients with LIDH were divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table, 40 in each group. The observation group was intervened by electroacupuncture plus needle-cupping, while the control group was by electroacupuncture plus cupping. The clinical efficacy, Modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores (M-JOA) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were observed and comparatively analyzed. Result The total effective rate was 95.0% in the observation group, significantly different from that of the control group (P＜0.05); the M-JOA scores increased significantly (P＜0.05) and VAS scores dropped significantly (P＜0.05) in both groups, and the changes of the scores were markedly different between the two groups (P＜0.05), indicating that the improvement in the observation group was more significant. Conclusion Electroacupuncture plus needle-cupping can produce a significant therapeutic efficacy in treating LIDH.

Clinical study of elderly patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the clinical features, therapy and prognosis of elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Methods The clinical features of 21 elderly patients and 89 patients aged ＜60 with newly diagnosed APL were retrospectively analyzed. Additionally,elderly patients were divided into different groups according to the count of white blood cell (WBC). Results There were no significant differences between elderly patients and patients aged ＜60 in the aspect of sex (male/female: 11/10 vs 47/42), WBC count (high initial WBC: 23.8 % vs 16.9 %), the percentage of bone marrow blasts plus promyelocytes (0.83±0.11 vs 0.83±0.12), complete remission (CR) rate (71.4 % vs 84.3 %),the time of CR occurrence (35.7±10.1 vs 39.1±13.5), the occurrence of retinoic acid syndrome(RAS) (14.3 % vs 22.5 %), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (52.4 % vs 34.8 %) as well as 2 years overall survival rate (72.7 % vs 80.0 %) (P ＞0.05). Of the 21 elderly patients who received inductive treatment, 5 with high initial WBC and 16 without high initial WBC. The incidences of DIC, early death in high initial WBC group were 80 %, 60 % respectively, which were higher than the group without high initial WBC (43.8 %,18.8 % respectively), whereas CR rate for the group with high initial WBC (40.0 %) was lower than that for the group without high initial WBC (81.3 %). Conclusion Elderly patients with APL could have fine prognosis as well as patients aged ＜60. The results of inductive treatment of elderly patients in high initial WBC group were poor as compared with the group without high initial WBC.

Clinical study on two PML-RARα fusion gene isoforms in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To illustrate the clinical relevance of distinct PML-RARα fusion gene isoforms in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Methods The nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the long (L) or short (S) PML-RARα fusion gene isoforms in 92 newly diagnosed APL so as to evaluate the clinical feature, therapeutic reaction and prognosis of the two fusion gene isoforms. Results PML-RARα fusion gene was positive in all 92 APL patients, of which 52(56.5 %) was L type and 40 (43.5 %) was S type. There were no significant differences between L type and S type in the aspect of sex, age, white blood cell count,the percentage of bone marrow blasts plus promyeloeytes and chromosome before treatment. And there were no significant differences between the two isoforms in complete remission (CR) rate, the time of getting CR as well as the occurrence of retinoic acid syndrome (RAS), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), intraeranial hemorrhage. Also, there were no significant differences in overall survival rate (OS) and relapse-free survival rate (RFS) between the two isoforms. Conclusion PML-RARα fusion gene isoforms in APL were not correlated with clinical therapeutic effect or prognosis.