Imaging features of oligodendroglioma in cerebellar hemispheres / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To improve the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma(OD)in cerebellar hemispheres and discuss MRI features. Methods Clinical and imaging data of 7 cases with OD in cerebellar hemispheres were analyzed retrospectively,which were confirmed by surgery and pathology.Results In 7 patients,4 patients were OD,and 3 patients were anaplastic oligodendroglioma(AOD).MRI showed hypointense on T1WI and vividly hyperintense or mixed hyperintense on T2WI.The time intensity curve(TIC)manifested rise slowly;DWI(b=1 000 s/mm2) showed homogeneously hypointense or iso-hypointense.The ratios of OD and AOD were 1.753±0.784,1.660±0.551 respectively;Magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)of oligodendrogliomas revealed a increased choline(Cho)and reduced N-acetylaspartate(NAA)without lactate(Lac)peak.Conclusion MRI manifestation of OD in cerebellar hemispheres has certain characteristics:the boundary of lesion is unclear, irregular in shape,easy to cystic and necrotic,with or without peripheral edema of the tumor,delayed enhancement,higher in Cho peak,lower in NAA peak and lacking in Lac peak.

The role and underlying mechanism of CITED2-mediated insulin signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular diseases / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

It is well established that cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of diabetes-related death. Endothelial dysfunction is widely accepted as the initial and critical factor contributing to diabetic vascular diseases. Insulin resistance may result in vascular endothelial dysfunction, which in turn aggravates diabetic vascular diseases. Via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, insulin inhibits the function of FoxOs, which, endothelial FoxO1 especially, exerts an important role in atherosclerosis and angiogenesis. In this regard, Wang et al. characterized 10 FoxO1 target genes regulated by insulin in endothelial cells, among which, CITED2, a transcriptional coregulator, was selected to extensively investigate its role and the underlying mechanism of insulin-regulated angiogenesis. CITED2 was significantly increased in vascular endothelial cells in diet-induced mice, ob/ob mice, as well as obese type 2 diabetic patients, all of those models or subjects are accompanied by insulin resistance. In endothelial cells, insulin significantly down-regulated CITED2 expression through insulin receptor-PI3K-Akt-FoxO1 pathway. Inhibition of CITED2 resulted in significant increases in proliferation and tube formation of endothelial cells. Overexpression of CITED2, however, repressed the transactivation of HIF. The study on the mouse model with hind limb ischemia showed that endothelial CITED2 deficiency gave rise to significant increases of expression of endothelin-1, a well-known HIF target gene, induced by ischemia or hypoxia, suggesting that CITED2 inhibited endothelial angiogenesis via suppressing HIF transactivation. In summary, insulin resistance accompanying obesity and type 2 diabetes leads to enhanced CITED2 expression, consequently impairing HIF signaling and proangiogenic capacity in endothelial cells. Inhibition of CITED2 will be a promising novel way to deal with ischemic cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.

The impact of glucose metabolism-related protein 1 on the regulation of glucose metabolism in mouse / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To investigate the impact of glucose metabolism-related protein 1 (GMRP1) on the regulation of c-Myc gene transcription, to establish GMRP1 gene knockout mouse model, and to study the influence of GMRP1 on glucose metabolism. Methods Chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR (ChIP-PCR) was utilized to screen out the genes transcriptionally regulated by GMRP1. Luciferase reporter system was applied to assay the regulation of c-Myc promoter activity by GMRP1. GMRP1 knockout mice were constructed and validated by PCR and western blotting. Body weight and random blood glucose were measured in both knockout and wild type mice fed with either chow diet or high-fat diet. The levels of glucose metabolism in mice of 20 or 28 weeks old were evaluated by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Results GMRP1 was capable of binding to the promoter of c-Myc gene and activating the expression of c-Myc gene. There were no significant differences in body weight, random blood glucose or glucose tolerance between GMRP1-deficient and wild type mice fed with either chow diet or high-fat diet (all P > 0.05). Conclusion GMRP1 may activate the transcription of c-Myc gene. GMRP1 deficiency exerted no significant effects on mouse glucose metabolism.

The utility of apparent diffusion coefficient in differential diagnosis of common pediatric cerebellar tumors / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the assessment value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI)and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)in the differential diagnosis of common cerebellar tumors of children.Methods 45 patients with cerebel-lar tumors were retrospectively analyzed,including 23 medulloblastomas,14 astrocytomas,and 8 ependymomas .The ADCmin of parenchyma of different tumors were measured and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve were delineated.The optimum ADC value for differential diagnosis of common cerebellar tumors of children was analyzed and determined.Results The mean ADC-min of medulloblastoma (0.497 ± 0.023 )× 10 -3 mm2/s was lowest,the mean ADCmin of astrocytoma (1.572 ± 0.145 )× 10 -3 mm2/s was highest,while that of ependymoma was (0.784 ± 0.037 )× 10 -3 mm2/s.The optimum ADC to distinguish ependymomas from medulloblastomas was 0.61 1 × 10 -3 mm2/s (100% sensitivity and 95.7% specificity).The optimum ADC to distinguish low-grade astrocytomas from ependymomas was 1.064×10 -3 mm2/s (92.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity).Conclu-sion ADC is very helpful with differential diagnosis of common cerebellar tumors of children.

Expression of osteopontin splice variant and its clinical significance in gastric cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of osteopontin (OPN) splice variant mRNA, including the three isoforms OPN-A, OPN-B, and OPN-C, to explore its correlation with clinicopathologic features in gastric cancer, and to elucidate their role in tumor invasion and distant metastasis of gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of OPN-A, OPN-B and OPN-C mRNA were detected by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in 66 gastric cancer tissues. The relationship between the expression of OPN-A, OPN-B and OPN-C mRNA and clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of OPN-C mRNA in the gastric cancer tissue was 3.21-fold higher than that in peritumoral mucosal tissue, showing a significant difference between them (P < 0.001). OPN-C mRNA expression was correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, tumor diameter, lymph node meatastasis, distant meatastasis and had no correlation with differentiation grades. The low expression of OPN-C mRNA was correlated with long survival benefit (P = 0.03). The expression of OPN-A and OPN-B mRNA had no significant relationship with clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>One of the isoform of osteopontin (OPN) OPN-C mRNA is overexpressed in gastric cancer. The overexpression of OPN-C mRNA may reflect the progression and is associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer. OPN-C mRNA may have value as a prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer. However, the expression of OPN-A and OPN-B are not correlated with the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer.</p>

Combined injection of medical ozone and collagenase for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To observe the mid-term effectiveness of percutaneous lumbar puncture and injection of medical ozone and collagenase in treating lumbar disc herniation.Methods CT-guided percutaneous lumbar puncture and medical ozone injection into the intervertebral disc was performed in 78 patients with lumbar disc herniation, which was confirmed by imaging study or clinical manifestations.After 2-4 days, neucleolysis was carried out.Collagenase 12 000 U was injected via the anterior epidural space onto the surface or into the inside of the prominence of the protruded disc.Results The clinical results were evaluated in 6-25 months after the procedure.Of 78 patients treated with this technique, the result was excellent in 58(74.3%), good in 16(20.5%) and poor in 4(5.1%).Symptoms returned in 12 cases in 2 months after the procedure, and the reappeared symptoms were relieved in 9 of them within 2 months without giving any treatment.In 3 cases the symptoms disappeared after repeated injection of medical ozone.No serious complications occurred.Conclusion Percutaneous lumbar puncture and injection of medical ozone combined with collagenase is an effective, safe and minimally-invasive therapy for lumbar disc herniation.

EVALUATION FOR EFFECTS OF LOPID AND FENOFIBRATE ON LIPIDS METABOLISM / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Effects of Lopid and Fenofibrate on serum lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins were studied in 22 diabetic patients with dyslipidaemia. The levels of FBG, HBA1, lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins were determined before treatment, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment. The results showed: 1). Lopid lowered the levels of TC, HDL-TG,TG,apoB100 and raised the levels of HDL-C, apoA-I significantly.2). Fenofibrate lowered the levels of TG, TG, HDL-TG, apoB100 and raised the level of HDL-C, but no effect on apoA-I. Comparing the efficacy of these two drugs on lipids metabolism, i seems that Lopid is better than Fenofibrate. Both of the drugs can be well tolerated by most diabetic patients.