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1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 120(5): e2117497120, 2023 Jan 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36706220

RESUMO

Since the 1760s, at least three industrial revolutions have occurred. To explain this phenomenon, we introduce two-dimensional (2D) constrained chaos. Using a model of innovation dynamics, we show that an industrial-revolution-like technology burst, driven by investment/saving motives for R&D activities, recurs about every one hundred years if the monopolistic use of a new technology lasts about 8 y.

2.
Dig Dis Sci ; 67(1): 233-240, 2022 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33537920

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Serum globulin is an inflammation marker. To date, no evidence regarding the association between serum globulin and disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis has been reported. AIMS: We evaluated the association between serum globulin and endoscopic activity in patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Serum globulin was divided into tertiles based on the distribution of study subjects (low globulin, ≤ 2.7 g/dl (reference); moderate globulin, 2.7-3.1 g/dl; and high globulin, > 3.1 g/dl). A single endoscopic specialist evaluated the endoscopic findings, and mucosal healing was based on Mayo endoscopic subscore. RESULTS: A total of 277 patients with ulcerative colitis were included in the study. Serum globulin was independently positively associated with diminished or absent vascular markings [moderate: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.70 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.82-7.88) and high: adjusted OR 2.40 (95%CI: 1.20-4.94), p for trend = 0.005]. A similar positive association between globulin and erosion was found [high: adjusted OR 2.00 (95%CI: 1.05-3.86)]. Serum globulin was independently inversely associated with mucosal healing [moderate: adjusted OR 0.37 (95%CI: 0.18-0.73) and high: adjusted OR 0.31 (95%CI: 0.14-0.64), p for trend = 0.001] and adjusted partial mucosal healing [moderate: OR 0.51 (95%CI: 0.26-0.98), p for trend = 0.048]. The inverse association between globulin and mucosal healing was significant in the low but not the high C-reactive protein group. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with ulcerative colitis, serum globulin was significantly positively associated with endoscopic activity, and was significantly inversely associated with mucosal healing, especially in the low C-reactive protein group.


Assuntos
Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Colite Ulcerativa , Colonoscopia , Mucosa Intestinal , Soroglobulinas/análise , Cicatrização/imunologia , Biomarcadores/análise , Biomarcadores/sangue , Colite Ulcerativa/sangue , Colite Ulcerativa/diagnóstico , Colite Ulcerativa/epidemiologia , Colonoscopia/métodos , Colonoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Correlação de Dados , Feminino , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidade do Paciente , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
3.
Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg ; 18(1): 1-7, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21959198

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a ligand of the c-met proto-oncogene, exhibits activating effects on human lung cancer both in vitro and in vivo. However, few studies have reported the correlations between concentration changes of blood HGF and postsurgical prognosis. METHODS: We evaluated whether surgery-related blood HGF elevation has prognostic significance in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer. We examined blood HGF concentration, c-met expression, and postoperative prognosis of 25 cases of primary resected, non-small cell lung cancer. RESULTS: We divided the patients into 2 groups according to receiver operating characteristics curve analysis using 7.2 ng/mL as the cut-off value of blood HGF concentration. Survival curve analysis revealed that patients with a high level of HGF (over the cutoff value) exhibited a poor prognosis of metastatic disease, compared to those in the low-level group after curative surgery (log rank test, P = 0.020; Wilcoxon test, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Elevation of HGF in plasma may be an important prognostic factor for early metastatic disease in patients with primary lung cancer. Moreover, inhibition of HGF elevation may have therapeutic effects on early distant metastasis of lung cancer.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/sangue , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/cirurgia , Fator de Crescimento de Hepatócito/sangue , Neoplasias Pulmonares/sangue , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Idoso , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Metástase Neoplásica , Prognóstico , Proto-Oncogene Mas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-met/sangue , Curva ROC , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Análise de Sobrevida
4.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho ; 36(12): 2163-5, 2009 Nov.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20037357

RESUMO

We report a case of rectal cancer with distant metastases, which was successfully treated with multidisciplinary treatments. The 60s female underwent an abdomino-perineal resection (APR) for low rectal cancer. One year after the APR, two hepatic metastases were found and initially treated by radiofrequency ablation and later by hepatectomy. One month after the hepatectomy, three pulmonary metastases of 10 mm in diameter were found in the right lung. Several regimens of chemotherapy (S-1, CPT-11 and FOLFOX6) were performed. After 3 years of chemotherapy, pulmonary metastases re- grew in size but no new lesion developed. Pneumonectomy was performed to remove all metastatic tumors. A half year after the initial pneumonectomy, a new metastasis was found in the left lung, which was again removed by surgery after 6 months of observation. Postoperative course was uneventful, and she is alive without recurrence for 7 years since the initial rectal surgery.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Ablação por Cateter , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Hepatectomia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonectomia
5.
Hepatogastroenterology ; 56(89): 213-7, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19453060

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been reported as effective therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, few have described methods for predicting prognosis, especially in patients treated by repeated TACE. To determine risk factors for death and try to predict the prognosis, we evaluated clinical data. METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical parameters of 224 patients with unresectable HCC treated with repeated TACE from January 1997 to December 2007. TACE was repeated when recurrence was diagnosed by tumor marker elevation and/or dynamic computed tomography findings. Factors affecting survival were evaluated using multivariate analysis after univariate analysis. Next, we combined the score for each significant factor into a single prognostic score and added up the positive factors in each case, then analyzed the significance of prognosis, after which the results were compared with other prognostic scoring systems. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis revealed that bilobular HCC, alpha-fetoprotein (> or = 400 ng/ml), tumor invasion of the portal vein, tumor size (> or = 10 cm), and albumin (< 2.8 g/dl) were related to poor prognosis, and developed a prognostic scoring system from those. According to that score, patients were classified into 5 groups. CONCLUSION: Our scoring system was easily performed and the results showed that repeated TACE should not be administered to patients with scores of 3 or more.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Quimioembolização Terapêutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Idoso , Albuminas/análise , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Invasividade Neoplásica , Veia Porta/patologia , Prognóstico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Taxa de Sobrevida , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , alfa-Fetoproteínas/análise
6.
Int J Hematol ; 88(4): 418-423, 2008 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18807227

RESUMO

A primary hepatic marginal zone B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is very rare. We found a solitary mass 27 mm in size in the left lobe of the liver of a 58-year-old Japanese man with a history of hepatitis-C infection. Based on the results of imaging studies, the tumor was diagnosed as a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The left lobe of the liver was lobectomized and microscopic findings showed that the tumor was a hepatic MALT lymphoma, while immunohistochemistry showed it to be positive for CD20 and CD79a. In a fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography examination integrated with computed tomography scanning (FDG-PET CT) before surgery, the tumor was revealed to have a high standardized uptake value (SUV) for FDG. The patient received chemotherapy after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, 45 cases had been reported with a mean age for all patients of 61.4 years. The pathogenesis remains unclear, although half of the patients had a past history of chronic inflammatory liver disease. Surgical resection was performed in most cases and some patients received postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The clinicopathologic characteristics and management of this extremely rare disease are also discussed.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Linfoma de Zona Marginal Tipo Células B/patologia , Linfoma de Zona Marginal Tipo Células B/terapia , Antígenos CD20 , Povo Asiático , Antígenos CD79 , Hepatite C/patologia , Humanos , Japão , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Linfoma de Zona Marginal Tipo Células B/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos
8.
Hepatogastroenterology ; 55(88): 2171-4, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19260499

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Radiofrequency ablation therapy (RFA) has become widely used against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mainly because of its ease of use, lower level of invasiveness, and high level of effectiveness. To compare the efficacy and safety of RFA with surgery, we retrospectively investigated relevant patient clinical data. METHODOLOGY: The patients with a single HCC (3 cm > or =, Child-Pugh A or B) who were treated with RFA (RFA-group: n=105) or surgery (Surgery-group: n=59) from January 2000 to June 2007 were enrolled. RESULTS: The ratio of patients classified as Child-Pugh B was greater in RFA-group (24.8% vs. 8.5%, P=0.011), though the sizes of the tumors were not significantly different. There were no significant differences for survival rates or disease free survival rates after 3- and 5-years (RFA-group vs. Surgery-group; survival: 87.8 and 59.3% vs. 91.4 and 59.4%, disease free survival: 58.7 and 24.6% vs. 64.3 and 22.4%, respectively). As for complications, in RFA-group there was no severe complication while there was 1 case of postoperative hepatic failure death and 2 with a postoperative abscess in Surgery-group. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, patients with a single HCC smaller than 3cm who underwent RFA had a lower frequency of severe complications, thus the efficacy of RFA was thought to be equal to a surgical procedure.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Ablação por Cateter , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
9.
Intern Med ; 46(24): 2013-7, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18084126

RESUMO

We treated 3 patients complicated with colon cancer without liver metastasis, who were admitted to our hospital because of a high fever and diagnosed with liver abscesses. In a general screening after performing percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage, colon cancer was detected in each, though hepatobiliary diseases were not found. Hepatobiliary diseases were the most common etiology of hepatic abscesses in our hospital in the past 41 cases from 1990 to 2005, 3 of which were due to colon cancer. If a cause is not determined, general screening, especially of the colon tract, should be performed in hepatic abscesses patients.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/complicações , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo/complicações , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico , Abscesso Hepático/etiologia , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Idoso , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Colonoscopia , Humanos , Abscesso Hepático/diagnóstico , Abscesso Hepático/patologia , Masculino
10.
J Med Virol ; 79(7): 911-8, 2007 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17516520

RESUMO

Lamivudine therapy often causes breakthrough of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and breakthrough hepatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the viral factors that relate to HBV-DNA breakthrough with and without breakthrough hepatitis. Among 82 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who received lamivudine at a dose of 100 mg daily for more than 24 months, 23 patients had HBV-DNA breakthrough induced by a lamivudine-resistant mutant. Of these 23 patients, 16 had breakthrough hepatitis and 7 had only HBV-DNA breakthrough. Serial HBV-DNA full-genome sequences during therapy were examined in 10 (7 had breakthrough hepatitis and 3 did not) of these 23 patients by direct sequencing. Mutations in the S region were examined by cloning in representative patients. There were no significant differences in the baseline clinical backgrounds and virus marker between patients with and without breakthrough hepatitis. The HBV amino acid substitutions at breakthrough hepatitis were identical to those at HBV-DNA breakthrough. Cloning analysis revealed that monoclonal mutational strain appeared at breakthrough and no such mutations existed at baseline. Regarding HBV amino acid substitutions in the polymerase region, S region, X region, and precore-core region with breakthrough compared to baseline, there was no significant differences of the numbers of amino acid substitution between breakthrough hepatitis and non-breakthrough hepatitis. There were no common amino acid changes in patients with breakthrough hepatitis. Although monoclonal lamivudine-resistant strain emerged at HBV-DNA breakthrough in patients with CHB, there were no common amino acid changes, suggesting viral factor may have insignificant role in breakthrough hepatitis.


Assuntos
Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Hepatite B Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite B Crônica/virologia , Adulto , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Antivirais/farmacologia , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Viral/sangue , DNA Viral/genética , Farmacorresistência Viral/genética , Feminino , Genoma Viral , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Lamivudina/farmacologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação , Fatores de Tempo
11.
Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi ; 40(3): 270-4, 2002 Mar.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11974906

RESUMO

A 68-year-old woman was diagnosed as having empyema on the left side. She had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous pleurisy in 1949. She was treated with artificial pneumothorax and implantation of 7 Lucite-ball plombs in the left upper thorax. A chest radiograph taken 14 years after initial operation, revealed an increase in density inside some of the Lucite-ball plombs. She was again admitted after experiencing fever and dyspnea 48 years after initial operation. The chest radiograph then showed a large mass on the left side, which compressed the mediastinum to the right. Inside the mass, Lucite-ball plombs were detected. The fever and inflammatory findings were improved with antibiotic therapy, but the dyspnea was persistent. The Lucite-ball Plombs and coagulating tissue were removed successfully. The patient's symptoms and respiratory function improved after the second operation.


Assuntos
Empiema/etiologia , Polimetil Metacrilato/efeitos adversos , Próteses e Implantes/efeitos adversos , Tuberculose Pleural/cirurgia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Implantação de Prótese/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Tempo
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