Signal mining and analysis of adverse events of oseltamivir，zanamivir and baloxavir marboxil / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for safe drug use in clinic by mining the adverse drug events （ADE） of 3 kinds of anti-influenza A virus drugs （oseltamivir， zanamivir， baloxavir marboxil）. METHODS The ADE data of oseltamivir， zanamivir and baloxavir marboxil were collected from the FDA adverse event reporting system （FAERS） between the first quarter in 2004 and the third quarter in 2022， and mined by using reporting odds ratio （ROR） method. The designated medical events （DME） were estimated. The system organ class （SOC） in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities （MedDRA， version 25.0） was used for the classification and statistics of drug ADE terminology. RESULTS A total of 12 636， 1 749 and 1 283 ADE reports were retrieved for oseltamivir， zanamivir and baloxavir marboxil， involving 26， 16 and 17 SOCs， respectively. Oseltamivir was strongly associated with sleep terror， abnormal behavior， hallucination and delirium. Zanamivir was implicated in abnormal behavior， delirium， incoherence， and altered state of consciousness with prominent signal intensity. Baloxavir marboxil was strongly associated with ischemic colitis， hemorrhagic cystitis， erythema multiforme and melaena. Erythema multiform was detected in the DME of three drugs with strong signals. CONCLUSIONS When clinically administering the three drugs， it is crucial to pay close attention to both common adverse reactions and those ADEs that are not explicitly mentioned in the drug instructions. For oseltamivir， clinicians should exercise caution due to the potential risk of acute kidney injury and fulminant hepatitis， necessitating regular monitoring of the patient’s liver and kidney function. When prescribing zanamivir， caution should be exercised due to ADEs related to the respiratory system， including acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure， necessitating close monitoring of the patient’s respiratory status. Similarly， for baloxavir marboxil， clinicians should be vigilant for potential ADEs such as erythema multiforme and rhabdomyolysis.

Mining and analysis of adverse drug events signals of nilotinib based on FDA adverse event database / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for safe drug use in clinic. METHODS ADE reports related to nilotinib from the first quarter of 2007 to the fourth quarter of 2022 were collected from the US FDA adverse event reporting system database. The reporting odds ratio （ROR） and proportional reporting ratio （PRR） of disproportionality measures were used to mine potential ADE signals，which were compared with drug instruction and related case report， and were screened and analyzed according to the designated medical events （DME） list formulated by the European Medicines Agency. RESULTS Totally 23 332 cases of ADE with nilotinib as the primary suspected drug were reported. A total of 359 positive signals were obtained，involving 24 system organ classes （SOC），mainly concentrated in various examinations，heart organ diseases，vascular and lymphatic diseases，all kinds of nervous system diseases，etc. Among them，ADEs such as vertebral artery stenosis，coronary artery stenosis，arterial disease，liver infection and the second primary malignant tumor were not mentioned in the instructions. Seven DMEs were detected，of which bone marrow failure，pulmonary hypertension and deafness were not mentioned in the drug instruction. CONCLUSIONS The common ADE signals of nilotinib excavated in this study are consistent with the instructions. In clinical use，special attention should be paid to DME not mentioned in the instructions such as bone marrow failure，pulmonary hypertension and deafness； cardiac function， blood glucose and blood lipid indexes should be monitored closely.

PRMT6 promotes tumorigenicity and cisplatin response of lung cancer through triggering 6PGD/ENO1 mediated cell metabolism

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, including lung cancer. However, the exact underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential are largely unknown. Here we report that protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) is highly expressed in lung cancer and is required for cell metabolism, tumorigenicity, and cisplatin response of lung cancer. PRMT6 regulated the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and glycolysis pathway in human lung cancer by increasing the activity of 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and α-enolase (ENO1). Furthermore, PRMT6 methylated R324 of 6PGD to enhancing its activity; while methylation at R9 and R372 of ENO1 promotes formation of active ENO1 dimers and 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) binding to ENO1, respectively. Lastly, targeting PRMT6 blocked the oxidative PPP flux, glycolysis pathway, and tumor growth, as well as enhanced the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin in lung cancer. Together, this study demonstrates that PRMT6 acts as a post-translational modification (PTM) regulator of glucose metabolism, which leads to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. It was proven that the PRMT6-6PGD/ENO1 regulatory axis is an important determinant of carcinogenesis and may become a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.

Distribution of monocyte subsets and their surface CD31 intensity are associated with disease course and severity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between disease courses and severity and monocyte subsets distribution and surface CD31 intensity in patients of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Methods Peripheral blood samples from 29 HFRS patients and 13 normal controls were collected. The dynamic changes of classical monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16-), intermediated monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16+) and non-classical monocyte subsets (CD14+CD16++) and the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD31 on monocyte subsets were detected by multiple-immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. Results In acute phase of HFRS, the ratio of classical monocyte subsets to total monocytes was dramatically decreased compared to convalescent phase and normal control. It was still much lower in convalescent phase compared to normal controls. The ratio of classical monocyte subsets to total monocytes were decreased in HFRS patients compared to that in normal control, whereas there was no difference between severe/critical groups and mild/moderate groups. On the contrary, the ratio of intermediate monocyte subsets to total monocytes in acute phase of HFRS was significantly increased compared to convalescent phase and normal control. The ratio of intermediate monocyte subsets to total monocytes were increased in HFRS patients compared to that in normal control, whereas no difference was found between severe/critical groups and mild/moderate groups. Phases or severity groups had no difference in ratio of non-classical monocyte subsets to total monocytes. Additionally, the ratio of classical monocyte subsets had a tendency to decline and that of intermediate monocyte subsets showed an increase both to total monocytes between the acute and convalescent phases in 11 HFRS patients with paired-samples. Moreover, in acute phase of HFRS, the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD31 on three monocyte subsets all decreased, specifically classical monocyte subsets showed the highest MFI of CD31 while the normal control reported the highest MFI of CD31 in non-classical monocyte subsets. In convalescent phase, the MFI of CD31 on classical and intermediated monocyte subsets were both lower than that of normal control, while MFI of CD31 was still significantly lower than normal control on non-classical monocyte subsets. Finally, MFI of CD31 on classical and intermediated monocyte subsets in severe/critical group were both lower than those in mild/moderate group, showing no statistical difference in MFI of CD31 on non-classical monocyte subset across groups of different disease severity. Conclusion The ratio of classical and intermediated monocyte subsets to total monocytes are correlated with the course of HFRS, and so are the surface intensity of CD31 on these monocyte subsets with the disease course and severity. The surface intensity of CD31 on non-classical monocyte subsets, however, is correlated only with the course of the disease. Together, the underlying mechanisms for the observed changes in monocyte subsets in HFRS patients should be further investigated.

Mechanism of Xuanfu Daizhetang in Alleviating Allergic Asthma by Inhibiting Secretion of Inflammatory Factors / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the regulatory effects of Xuanfu Daizhetang on a mouse model of allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin （OVA）. MethodSixty female BALB/c mice （6-8 weeks old， SPF） were randomly divided into groups. Ten mice were assigned to the normal group and given 0.2 mL of saline， while the remaining groups received intraperitoneal injections of Al（OH）3 at 5 g·L-1 and OVA at 1 g·L-1. The mice were divided into normal group （10 mL·kg-1 saline）， OVA model group （10 mL·kg-1 saline）， dexamethasone group （OVA+DEX， 1 mg·kg-1）， OVA+ low-dose Xuanfu Daizhetang group （OVA+XL， 7.065 g·kg-1）， OVA+ medium-dose Xuanfu Daizhetang group （OVA+XM， 14.13 g·kg-1）， and OVA+ high-dose Xuanfu Daizhetang group （OVA+XH， 28.26 g·kg-1）. An OVA-induced asthma model was established in mice. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and periodic acid-Schiff （PAS） staining methods were used to observe bronchial tissue pathological changes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was performed to measure the levels of immunoglobulin E （IgE）， interleukin-4 （IL-4）， IL-5， IL-13， IL-17A， and γ interferon （IFN-γ） in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK）， p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）， and c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） proteins in lung tissue. ResultCompared with the normal group， the OVA model group showed increased inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse alveoli， elevated levels of IL-4， IL-5， IL-13， IL-17A， IFN-γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid， and IgE in serum （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and promoted phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins. Compared with the model group， the OVA+XL， OVA+XM， and OVA+XH groups showed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse alveoli， decreased levels of IL-4， IL-5， IL-13， IL-17A， IFN-γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid， and IgE in serum （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and inhibited phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins. ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that Xuanfu Daizhetang has potential anti-allergic asthma activity， providing a theoretical basis for its future clinical application.

Cytotoxic sesquiterpene aryl esters from Armillaria gallica 012m / 中草药·英文版

OBJECTIVE@#To study the chemical constituents of the EtOAc extract of Armillaria gallica 012m.@*METHODS@#The chemical constituents of the EtOAc extract of A. gallica 012m were isolated and purified by various column chromatography and their structures were elucidated on the basis of the 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic and HRESIMS data. Cytotoxicity of all isolates against A549, HCT-116, M231 and W256 human tumor cells was determined by the MTT method.@*RESULTS@#A new sesquiterpene aryl ester, armimelleolide C ( 1), and eight known ones including armillarivin ( 2), melleolide F ( 3), 6'-chloromelleolide F ( 4), melleolide ( 5), melleolide K ( 6), melledonol ( 7), 13-hydroxydihydromelleolide ( 8), and armillane ( 9), were isolated from the EtOAc extract of A. gallica 012m. All isolates showed potential cytotoxic activities against at least one of the human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from (3.17 ± 0.54) to (17.57 ± 0.47) μmol/L. Compound 1 showed significant inhibitory activity against M231 with an IC50 value of (7.54 ± 0.24) μmol/L compared with paclitaxel as the positive control. Compounds 2, 3, and 7, 9 showed obvious inhibitory activity against HCT-116 and were better than that of the positive control.@*CONCLUSION@#The chemical constituents including a new sesquiterpene aryl ester armimelleolide C ( 1) from the EtOAc extract of A. gallica 012m have a variety of structures and potential antitumor activities.

Exploring the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in schizophrenia based on GEO database / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo provide a new idea for exploring the molecular genetic approach to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia via construction of microRNA-messenger RNA （miRNA-mRNA） regulatory network in schizophrenia. MethodsThe microarray datasets of GSE54578 miRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood and GSE145554 mRNA expression in the anterior cingulate in postmortem brain of schizophrenic subjects were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） database since July 2021. The GEO2R was used to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs， screen the miRNA with target differentially expressed mRNA， and predict their potential upstream transcription factors. The overlapping genes from the mRNA targeted by the differentially expressed miRNA and the mRNA differentially expressed in GSE145554 dataset were collected. Then the biological features of hub genes were analyzed via Gene Ontology （GO） analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis， and the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of hub genes were constructed. ResultsA total of 8 up-regulated differentially expressed miRNAs with targeted mRNA were screened out in GSE54578 datasets regarding schizophrenia， which involved in the regulation of 10 transcription factors， 247 down-regulated differentially expressed mRNAs were screened out in GSE145554 datasets， and 17 overlapping mRNAs were obtained. GO analysis showed that the target mRNAs were mainly involved in astrocyte differentiation and development. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the target mRNAs were mainly involved in Rap1 and Ras signaling pathways. PPI network analysis showed that the mRNAs （KRAS and CD28） might be key genes in schizophrenia. ConclusionThe integrated bioinformatics analysis based on GEO database can identify potential susceptibility genes in schizophrenia， and it also contributes to the construction of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in schizophrenia.

Effect of rumination on suicide attempts in adolescents with depressive disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between rumination and depression and suicide attempts, and the mediating effect of rumination between depression and suicide attempts in adolescents with depressive disorder.Methods:Clinical interviews and questionnaires were conducted on 331 adolescents aged 11-18 with depressive disorders.Depressive symptoms were assessed with patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Rumination was assessed with ruminative responses scale-10 (RRS-10), and Chinese version of the sociality module of MINI5.0 was used to assess suicide.SPSS 23.0 software was applied to descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis, and the SPSS macro program PROCESS V 3.4 was used for Bootstrap mediating effect. Results:The incidence of suicide attempts in adolescents with depressive disorder was 53.78%, which was significantly higher in girls (59.48%) than that in boys (40.40%), and the difference was significant ( χ2=10.16, P<0.01). In contrast to the non-suicide attempt group, suicide attempt group had higher scores on PHQ-9((11.08±9.26) vs (14.43±7.49), t=-3.634, P<0.01), brooding ((10.76±3.89) vs (12.44±3.87), t=-3.926, P<0.01), reflection ((10.05±3.54) vs (11.20±3.33), t=-3.044, P<0.01) and rumination total score ((20.81±6.78) vs (23.64±6.42), t=-3.898, P<0.01). Regression analysis revealed that girl ( β=0.175, t=3.228, P=0.001), depressive symptoms ( β=0.168, t=3.082, P=0.002), rumination ( β=0.138, t=2.364, P=0.019) were risk factors for suicide attempts.Rumination played a complete mediating effect between depressive symptoms and suicide attempts (effect value=0.013, 95% CI=0.003-0.027). Depression symptoms significantly and positively predicted rumination ( P<0.01), and rumination significantly and positively predicted suicide attempts ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The incidence of suicide attempts was high in adolescents with depressive disorders.Depressive symptoms affect suicide attempts mainly through rumination.Clinicians should assess the rumination of adolescents with depressive disorders.In addition, clinicians should implement concurrent psychotherapy to adjust the cognitive response and reduce rumination, in order to improve the mental health and reduce suicide attempts.

Significance and research status of quality management of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for Chinese public / 中国实用护理杂志

The quality of public cardiopulmonary resuscitation training plays an important role in improving the survival rate of patients with cardiac arrest. Various forms of training have been carried out all over China, which plays a great role in promoting the work of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, there is still a lot of room for improvement in the quality management and effect sustainability of training. This paper reviews the current situation and deficiencies of quality management of public cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, and the role of training quality in enhancing people's self-confidence in learning and rescue, training contents, training methods, quality evaluation indicators, evaluation methods, and quality influencing factors and retraining time requirements, and so on. And it puts forward some practical suggestions on the quality management of public cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in China. Such as it will more emphasize standardized training, deliberate practice, proficient training, National Training, long-term maintenance of knowledge and skills, and using useful tools to improve the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, etc. In order to improve the training quality management level of the public, so that the trainees can really master cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills, so as to improve the rescue rate and survival rate of patients with cardiac arrest. To promote the sustainable development of people's health.

Can nanoparticles and nano‒protein interactions bring a bright future for insulin delivery?

Insulin therapy plays an essential role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, frequent injections required to effectively control the glycemic levels lead to substantial inconvenience and low patient compliance. In order to improve insulin delivery, many efforts have been made, such as developing the nanoparticles (NPs)-based release systems and oral insulin. Although some improvements have been achieved, the ultimate results are still unsatisfying and none of insulin-loaded NPs systems have been approved for clinical use so far. Recently, nano‒protein interactions and protein corona formation have drawn much attention due to their negative influence on the

SARS-CoV-2 Innate Effector Associations and Viral Load in Early Nasopharyngeal Infection

To examine innate immune responses in early SARS-CoV-2 infection that may change clinical outcomes, we compared nasopharyngeal swab data from 20 virus-positive and 20 virus-negative individuals. Multiple innate immune-related and ACE-2 transcripts increased with infection and were strongly associated with increasing viral load. We found widespread discrepancies between transcription and translation. Interferon proteins were unchanged or decreased in infected samples suggesting virally-induced shut-off of host anti-viral protein responses. However, IP-10 and several interferon-stimulated gene proteins increased with viral load. Older age was associated with modifications of some effects. Our findings may characterize the disrupted immune landscape of early disease.

Cross-linking of partially hydrolyzed sesbania gum, property and characterization.

Sesbania gum (SG) was subjected to chemical modification via the first acidolysis followed by cross-linking under maintaining the basic framework of SG particles so that its performances could be well tailored. The modification of SG was preferred for food processing and drug sustained-release agent uses. The experimental results indicated that the size distribution of SG particles was slightly narrowed by the acidolysis, while the size distribution was apparently broadened by cross-linking. More interestingly, the acidolysis evidently enhanced the intensity of hydrolysate at diffraction angle of 14.5°. The cross-linking was able to improve the freeze-thaw stability, acid and alkali resistance of SG, while the acidolysis only improved the acid resistance. As a traditional role, the cross-linking could lead to the reduction in the swelling capacity of SG. The acidolysis and cross-linking raised the thermal stability of SG. The flattened peak of hydroxyl groups confirmed that the cross-linking groups were successfully introduced into the molecular chains of SG according to FTIR. The addition of SG, PHSG, CLSG and CLPHSG as additives could effectively influence the pasting behavior of potato starch.

Oestrogen dose tapering during luteal phase does not affect clinical outcomes after hormone replacement treatment-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis.

STUDY QUESTION: Does oestrogen dose tapering during the luteal phase affect the clinical outcome after hormone replacement treatment-frozen-thawed embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycles? SUMMARY ANSWER: Our results suggest that tapering oestrogen doses during the luteal phase results in similar clinical outcomes to those obtained with the traditional luteal phase support (LPS). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Traditional LPS with oestrogen and progesterone is considered necessary in HRT-FET cycles. However, case reports have shown successful clinical pregnancies and live births in the absence of oestrogen administration after embryo transfers. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This was a retrospective study on 6035 HRT-FET cycles extending over 7 years from January 2011 to June 2018 at the reproductive medicine centre of Xiangya Hospital. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: We compared the clinical outcomes of 1632 HRT-FET cycles with tapered oestrogen doses from 12 days after embryo transfer (study group) to those of 4403 HRT-FET cycles maintained on constant oestrogen doses during the luteal phase (control group) in the case of positive serum HCG test. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: We found similar biochemical pregnancy rates (52.1% vs. 51.9, P = 0.864), clinical pregnancy rates (44.9% vs. 43.2%, P = 0.249), implantation rates (29.8% vs. 29.3%, P = 0.591) and miscarriage rates (16.0% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.379) between the studied groups. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Retrospective, design-associated biases are possible. In addition, some baseline characteristics differed between groups. Finally, we did not compare live birth rates between groups. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our study showing similar outcomes between traditional LPS and oestrogen tapering during the luteal phase indicates that oestrogen may be cautiously tapered during the luteal phase after HRT-FET cycles. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 81401269) and the class General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant no. 2017M620360). The authors declare that they have no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.

Effect of acidolysis and oxidation on structure and properties of konjac glucomannan.

The modification greatly improved konjac glucomannan (KGM) characteristics and expanded its application range. For this purpose, the combination of acidolysis with oxidation was chosen to modify KGM in a heterogeneous system. In this study, we mainly discussed the effect of acidolysis and oxidation on the structure and properties of KGM. The experimental results indicated that the acidolysis and oxidation destroyed the structure of KGM particles, and reduced its crystalline degree. The size of derivatives was greater than that of KGM, and their surface became very rough. The acidolysis and oxidation decreased obviously the swelling capacity of KGM, but increased the acid and alkali resistance. The thermal characteristic parameters of KGM such as onset decomposition temperature, onset temperature, peak temperature, enthalpy change, and so on were affected by the acidolysis and oxidation. The oxidation of hydrogen peroxide did not led to any carboxyl groups being introduced into KGM molecular chains, whereas it resulted in the reduction in the viscosity of KGM. There is no synergistic effect between KGM or its derivatives and starch paste.

Effect of subventricular zone invasion on prognosis of glioma patients / 中国肿瘤临床

This work was supported by Science and Technology Program of Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangxi Province (No.20161106) Abstract Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of subventricular zone (SVZ) invasion in glioma patients. Methods: The clini-cal data of 175 patients with glioma diagnosed based on pathology in Jiangxi Province Cancer hospital between January 2010 and July 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 59 cases of World Health Organization (WHO) gradeⅡ, 59 cases of WHO gradeⅢ, and 57 cases of WHO gradeⅣat the first diagnosis. There were 75 cases of SVZ invasion (SVZ+) and 100 cases of SVZ non-invasion (SVZ-) according to preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The survival outcomes of both cohorts were compared using the Log-rank test. The correlation between the recurrence pattern and SVZ involvement was analyzed using Chi-square tests. Results: The me-dian follow-up time was 63 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 42.2% and 37.5%, respectively. These were 20.9% and 15.3% in the SVZ+group, compared with 57.1% and 44.1% in the SVZ-group, respectively (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). The SVZ+group had fewer cases of total resection, larger lesions (maximum diameter greater than 5.0 cm), and more cases of gradeⅣ(P<0.001, P<0.001, and P=0.018, respectively). There were 89 cases of recurrence. The total recur-rence rate was 62.7% in the SVZ+group, compared with 42.0% in the SVZ-group (P=0.007); the distant recurrence rates were 21.3% and 7.0% (P=0.004), respectively. Conclusions: SVZ invasion is a poor prognostic factor for OS and PFS in gliomas, which is positively correlated with a low total resection rate, large lesions, and gradeⅣlesions, and increases the probability of total recurrence and dis-tant recurrence.

Efficacy and safety of conbercept injection in the treatment of exudative senile macular degeneration / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of conbercept injection in the treatment of exudative age－related macular degeneration ( AMD).Methods From October 2016 to October 2017,300 patients (300 eyes) with exudative AMD in Linfen Central Hospital were divided into two groups according to the random number table method.The study group (150 cases and 150 eyes ) received intravitreal injection of 0.05 mL of conbercept once a month for 3 months.The control group(150 cases and 150 eyes) received conservative treatment. All patients were followed up for 12 months after treatment.The differences of BCVA ,CMT,QOL,clinical efficacy and complications between the two groups were compared.Results BCVA was significantly increased and CMT was significantly decreased in the two groups after treatment,and BCVA was higher in the study group at 9 months [(0.55 ± 0.11) vs.(0.51 ±0.15)],12 months [(0.59 ±0.21) vs.(0.53 ±0.11)] after treatment compared with the control group(t＝2.634,3.010,all P＜0.05),and CMT was lower in the study group at 1－12 months after treatment(t＝5.321, 20.035,25.593,22.456,26.326,27.005,all P＜0.05).At the last follow－up,the distant vision,regulating ability, reading and fine work scores in the study group were (55.27 ±8.24) points,(30.21 ±5.20) points,(20.15 ± 5.01)points,(47.02 ±12.34) points,respectively, which were better than those in the control group [( 50.21 ± 6.35)points,(25.34 ±4.17)points,(16.24 ±3.27)points,(40.25 ±9.25) points](t＝6.352,5.324,6.392,8.251, all P＜0.05).The total effective rate of the study group [88.00%(132／150)] was higher than that of the control group[76.67%(115／150)](χ2 ＝6.623,P＜0.05).There were no serious complications in the two groups.Conclusion Conbercept injection can significantly improve the eyesight of exudative AMD patients ,improve the quality of life,it is safe and reliable,and its treatment effect for AMD is better than traditional conservative treatment .

Effect of sevoflurane maintenance anesthesia on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy / 中国医师杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy.@*Methods@#A total of 86 patients undergoing partial hepatectomy were divided into sevoflurane group and isoflurane group according to random number table with 43 patients in each group. Both groups received continuous epidural block combined with general anesthesia, sevoflurane group took sevoflurane combined with remifentanil to maintain anesthesia, while isoflurane group took isoflurane remifentanil to maintain anesthesia. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate(HR) of different moments, awakening (open-eye time, extubation time, listening to instruction time, orientation recovery time, time of Aldrete score up to 9 minutes), the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), alpha glutathione S transferase (α-GST) levels at different moments were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#The MAP and HR at T1, T2, T3 and T4 in both groups were significantly lower than those at T0 (P<0.05). The HR at T1 and T4 in sevoflurane group were significantly higher than those in isoflurane group (P<0.05). The open-eye time, extubation time, listening to instruction time, orientation recovery time in sevoflurane group were significantly shorter than the isoflurane group (P<0.05). The levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1, AST, ALT, GLDH and α-GST in the two groups at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those at T0 (P<0.05), and began to fall back to T4. The levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1, AST, ALT, GLDH and α-GST in the sevoflurane group at T2 and T3 were significantly lower than those in the isoflurane group (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The hepatic hemodynamics in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy with sevoflurane is more stable better than isoflurane during operation, which has faster postoperative recovery and relieved hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Effect of sevoflurane maintenance anesthesia on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy.Methods A total of 86 patients undergoing partial hepatectomy were divided into sevoflurane group and isoflurane group according to random number table with 43 patients in each group.Both groups received continuous epidural block combined with general anesthesia,sevoflurane group took sevoflurane combined with remifentanil to maintain anesthesia,while isoflurane group took isoflurane remifentanil to maintain anesthesia.The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of different moments,awakening (open-eye time,extubation time,listening to instruction time,orientation recovery time,time of Aldrete score up to 9 minutes),the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),interleukin 1 (IL-1),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH),alpha glutathione S transferase (α-GST) levels at different moments were compared between the two groups.Results The MAP and HR at T1,T2,T3 and T4 in both groups were significantly lower than those at T0 (P ＜ 0.05).The HR at T1 and T4 in sevoflurane group were significantly higher than those in isoflurane group (P ＜ 0.05).The open-eye time,extubation time,listening to instruction time,orientation recovery time in sevoflurane group were significantly shorter than the isoflurane group (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α,IL-1,AST,ALT,GLDH and α-GST in the two groups at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those at T0 (P ＜ 0.05),and began to fall back to T4.The levels of serum TNF-α,IL-1,AST,ALT,GLDH and α-GST in the sevoflurane group at T2 and T3 were significantly lower than those in the isoflurane group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The hepatic hemodynamics in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy with sevoflurane is more stable better than isoflurane during operation,which has faster postoperative recovery and relieved hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The effect of research on the distance education in the mixed teaching mode of clinical skills / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To explore the effect of distance education in the teaching mode of medical clinical skills, and to provide theoretical and practical basis for finding a better teaching mode to promote the combination of theory and practice.@*Methods@#A total of 172 trainees of clinical skill training in the training center were divided into the control group and the observation group (the observation group was divided into pre-class long-distance group, in-class long-distance group, after-class long-distance group). There were 43 trainees in each group. The control group adopted traditional teaching methods in clinical basic skills courses, and the observation group adopted mixed teaching mode under long-distance education. The satisfaction of teachers and students under the two teaching modes were investigated, and the performance of each group of students in skills, human-computer dialogue, and team first aid comprehensive test were compared.@*Results@#There were significant differences in teacher satisfaction between the control group and the pre-class and in-class distance groups (χ2 = 15.315, P = 0.000). There were significant differences in student satisfaction between the control group and the pre-class and in-class distance groups in terms of interactive participation, liveliness, interesting training skills and teaching level (χ2=4.497-17.153, P = 0.000-0.034). The results of each group reached the expected teaching goals. There were significant differences between the skill test score control group and the pre-class and in-class remote groups (t=25.357, 14.712, all P =0.000). There were significant differences between the human-machine dialogue test control group and the three observation groups (t=14.561, 19.420, 3.821, all P =0.000). There were significant differences between the team emergency comprehensive test control group and the three observation groups (t=14.561, 19.420, 3.821, all P=0.000).@*Conclusions@#Distance education has flexible in the mixed teaching mode of clinical skills, especially in pre-class and in-class. It can rapidly improve the basic clinical skills, theoretical knowledge and team mobilization ability of students. It is one of the best bridges to communicate their clinical theory and practice.

Efficacy and safety of conbercept injection in the treatment of exudative senile macular degeneration / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To investigate the efficacy and safety of conbercept injection in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration(AMD).@*Methods@#From October 2016 to October 2017, 300 patients(300 eyes) with exudative AMD in Linfen Central Hospital were divided into two groups according to the random number table method.The study group(150 cases and 150 eyes) received intravitreal injection of 0.05 mL of conbercept once a month for 3 months.The control group(150 cases and 150 eyes) received conservative treatment.All patients were followed up for 12 months after treatment.The differences of BCVA, CMT, QOL, clinical efficacy and complications between the two groups were compared.@*Results@#BCVA was significantly increased and CMT was significantly decreased in the two groups after treatment, and BCVA was higher in the study group at 9 months [(0.55±0.11) vs.(0.51±0.15)], 12 months [(0.59±0.21) vs.(0.53±0.11)] after treatment compared with the control group(t=2.634, 3.010, all P<0.05), and CMT was lower in the study group at 1-12 months after treatment(t=5.321, 20.035, 25.593, 22.456, 26.326, 27.005, all P<0.05). At the last follow-up, the distant vision, regulating ability, reading and fine work scores in the study group were (55.27±8.24)points, (30.21±5.20)points, (20.15±5.01)points, (47.02±12.34)points, respectively, which were better than those in the control group[(50.21±6.35)points, (25.34±4.17)points, (16.24±3.27)points, (40.25±9.25)points](t=6.352, 5.324, 6.392, 8.251, all P<0.05). The total effective rate of the study group[88.00%(132/150)] was higher than that of the control group[76.67%(115/150)](χ2=6.623, P<0.05). There were no serious complications in the two groups.@*Conclusion@#Conbercept injection can significantly improve the eyesight of exudative AMD patients, improve the quality of life, it is safe and reliable, and its treatment effect for AMD is better than traditional conservative treatment.