[Spatial heterogeneity of soil water physical properties in coal gangue pile in arid desert area]. / å¹²æ—±è’æ¼ åŒºç ¤çŸ¸çŸ³å±±è¦†åœŸåŒºåœŸå£¤æ°´åˆ†ç‰©ç†æ€§è´¨çš„ç©ºé—´å¼‚è´¨æ€§.

Based on grid sample method (20 m×20 m), spatial heterogeneity and distribution of soil water physical properties from 0 to 5 cm of the coal gangue pile in arid desert area were explored by using classical statistics and geostatistics methods. The results showed that the variation of soil bulk density, capillary porosity, capillary maximum moisture capacity, total porosity and saturated moisture contents were weak, while water content showed a moderate variation. The best fitting model of soil bulk density was Gaussian model, and exponential model was the best fitting model for other indices. The C0/(C0+C) values of soil bulk density and water content were low and had strong spatial autocorrelation. The capillary porosity, capillary maximum moisture capacity, total porosity and soil saturated moisture showed moderate spatial autocorrelation. Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with capillary porosity, capillary maximum moisture capacity, total porosity and water content, whereas there was no significant correlation between soil moisture content and other indices. Soil capillary porosity, capillary maximum moisture capacity, total porosity, and saturated water content showed a significant synergistic effect between each other. On Kriging contour maps, capillary porosity, capillary maximum moisture capacity, total porosity and saturated moisture had a similar spatial pattern, with high values on the middle and the left side of the lower slope, whereas soil bulk density showed an opposite pattern. Soil water content was mainly affected by the slope position and increased from the upper slope to the lower slope. Our results suggested that land preparation measures should be taken to loosen the soil in root area over the coal gangue pile in arid desert area during vegetation restoration. Moreover, irrigation amount should be properly increased on the upper slope during the initial stage of vegetation restoration, which could improve soil moisture status in the overlying soil area of coal gangue and create uniform and suitable soil water physical conditions for vegetation restoration.

Broad-Spectrum Profiling of Drug Safety via Learning Complex Network.

Drug safety is a severe clinical pharmacology and toxicology problem that has caused immense medical and social burdens every year. Regretfully, a reproducible method to assess drug safety systematically and quantitatively is still missing. In this study, we developed an advanced machine learning model for de novo drug safety assessment by solving the multilayer drug-gene-adverse drug reaction (ADR) interaction network. For the first time, the drug safety was assessed in a broad landscape of 1,156 distinct ADRs. We also designed a parameter ToxicityScore to quantify the overall drug safety. Moreover, we determined association strength for every 3,807,631 gene-ADR interactions, which clues mechanistic exploration of ADRs. For convenience, we deployed the model as a web service ADRAlert-gene at http://www.bio-add.org/ADRAlert/. In summary, this study offers insights into prioritizing safe drug therapy. It helps reduce the attrition rate of new drug discovery by providing a reliable ADR profile in the early preclinical stage.

ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application.

Delivering safe and effective therapeutic treatment to patients is one of the grand challenges in modern medicine. However, drug safety research has been progressing slowly in recent years, compared to other fields such as biotechnologies and precision medicine, due to the mechanistic complexity of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). To fill up this gap, we develop a new database, the Adverse Drug Reaction Classification System-Target Profile (ADReCS-Target, http://bioinf.xmu.edu.cn/ADReCS-Target), which provides comprehensive information about ADRs caused by drug interaction with protein, gene and genetic variation. In total, ADReCS-Target includes 66,573 pairwise relations, among which 1710 are protein-ADR associations, 2613 are genetic variation-ADR associations, and 63,298 are gene-ADR associations. In a case study of exploring the mechanism of rash, we find that HLAs, C1QA and APOA1 are the key gene players and thus can be potential targets (or biomarkers) in monitoring or countermining rashes. In summary, ADReCS-Target can be a useful resource for the biomedical scientific community by serving researchers in the fields of drug development, clinical pharmacology, precision medicine, and from web lab to high-throughput computational platform. Particularly, it helps to identify drug with better ADR profile and design safer drug therapy regimen.

[Effect of pulse Nd:YAG laser on the bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to dentin].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to dentin by pulse Nd:YAG laser. METHODS: Ten freshly extracted non-carious human premolars were cut into nearly equal halves and prepared to expose the dentin,randomly divided into two groups with 10 in each group:laser group and control group.All teeth were bonded using a self-adhesive resin cement to dentin after the teeth in the laser group were processed with pulse Nd:YAG laser(0.8W,10Hz) for 25s.After 24 hours under 37 degrees centigrade water,the shear bond strengths of specimens were measured.Each fractured specimen was examined under dental microscope. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software package.Two new specimens were cut and the cement-dentin interfaces were observed under SEM. RESULTS: The shear bond strength in the control group and laser group was (9.48±1.80)MPa and (11.15±1.71)MPa,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Most of the fractured adhesive dentin surfaces were adhesive failure modes in the two groups. SEM observation of the cement-dentin interface in the two groups showed good adaptation,but resin tags were not observed. CONCLUSION: Pulse Nd:YAG laser(0.8W,10Hz) can increase the bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to dentin.

[Comparison of CCL28 in human labial glands and parotids].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the expression of CCL28 in minor and major salivary glands and clarify the role it plays in IgA secreting by minor salivary glands in oral cavity. METHODS: Labial gland and parotid samples were analyzed with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay for CCL28 mRNA. Rank-sum test was used for data analysis using SPSS 10.0 software package. RESULTS: CCL28 mRNA was abundantly expressed in labial glands of healthy adults. Its expression was higher than that in parotids (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The results of this article suggest that the expression level of CCL28 in labial glands is remarkably higher than that in parotids, which reminds us that the high concentration of IgA in minor salivary glands may be associated with their high expression of CCL28.