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Nano-biochar, characterized by its environmentally friendly nature and unique nanostructure, offers a promising avenue for sustainable carbon materials. With its small particle size, large specific surface area, abundant functional groups and tunable pore structure, nano-biochar stands out due to its distinct physical and chemical properties compared to conventional biochar. This paper aims to provide an in-depth exploration of nano-biochar, covering its sources, transformation mechanisms, properties, applications, and areas requiring further research. The discussion begins with an overview of biomass sources for nano-biochar production and the conversion processes involved. Subsequently, primary synthesis methods and strategies for functionalization enhancement are examined. Furthermore, the applications of nano-biochar in catalysis, energy storage, and pollutant adsorption and degradation are explored and enhanced in various fields.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, has been declared a public health emergency of international concern and a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The Chinese government has temporarily taken strong response measures and effective procedures to stop the further expansion and development of the epidemic. It is important for clinicians to screen, diagnose, and monitor COVID-19.
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The present study aimed to evaluate the value of serum amyloid A (SAA) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and compared the efficacy of SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) in predicting the severity and recovery of COVID-19. A retrospective study was conducted on COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Wuhan No. 1 Hospital (Hubei, China) from January 21, 2020 to March 4, 2020. A two-way ANOVA analysis was used to compare the serum CRP and SAA levels between mild group and severe group during hospitalization days. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the serum CRP, SAA levels and treatment days in recovered patients. The Logistic regression analysis and the area under curve (AUC) were calculated to determine the probability for predicting the severity and recovery of COVID-19. The severe group displayed higher CRP and SAA levels compared with the mild group during hospitalization (P<0.001). Logistic regression indicated that SAA and CRP were independent risk factors for the severity of COVID-19. The corresponding AUC of CRP and SAA values for severity of COVID-19 were 0.804 and 0.818, respectively. Linear regression analysis revealed that CRP and SAA levels were negatively correlated with treatment days in recovered patients (r=-0.761, -0.795, respectively). Logistic regression demonstrated that SAA was an independent factor for predicting the recovery of COVID-19. However, CRP could not predict the recovery of COVID-19. The corresponding AUC of SAA for the recovery of COVID-19 was 0.923. The results of the present study indicated that SAA can be considered to be a biomarker for predicting the severity and recovery of COVID-19.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and diagnostic value of special-site ectopic pregnancy. METHODS: The MRI features of special-site ectopic pregnancy on 39 pathologically confirmed cases were retrospectively analyzed. All cases received ultrasonic inspection, MRI plain scan and 11 cases underwent enhanced scan. RESULTS: In 39 cases, there were 3 cases of interstitial tubal pregnancy (n = 3), cornual pregnancy (n = 8) and uterine scar pregnancy (n = 28). The accuracy rates of location and diagnosis were 94.9% and 82.1% respectively. And they were both higher than the rates of ultrasound. They were classified into two groups by clinical outcomes:pregnancy and miscarriage. In 22 cases of pregnancy, there were sac in sac (n = 9) and complete fertilized egg (n = 13). In 17 cases of miscarriage, there were irregular honeycomb (n = 7), ring (n = 6) and mass (n = 4). Among 11 enhanced cases, there were significant enhancement (n = 4), flake or cord-like enhancement (n = 5), a little strengthen on edge (n = 1) and no enhancement (n = 1). The group had intrauterine decidual tissue hyperplasia (n = 22), ovarian cyst (n = 8), pelvic fluid (n = 6), adenomyosis (n = 3), fibroid (n = 2), endometriosis in pelvic and abdominal wall scar area (n = 1) and mild hydrops in right kidney and ureter (n = 1). CONCLUSION: The MRI features of special-site ectopic pregnancy are characteristic and important for clinical treatment.
