MicroRNA-582-5p suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation via targeting AKT3.

OBJECTIVE: To dissect the functioning mode of miR-582-5p on gastric cancer cell growth and provide therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Relative expression levels of miR-582-5p in human gastric cancer tissue samples and gastric cancer-derived cell lines were measured by using quantitative Real-time PCR. Cell proliferation and viability capacities were assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were identified by flow cytometry. Downstream target gene was confirmed by using luciferase and Western blotting assays. RESULTS: MiR-582-5p was downregulated in gastric cancer tissues when compared with para-carcinoma tissues (n=42). Overexpressed miR-582-5p could attenuate cell proliferation and viability capacities, as well as promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. AKT3 was chosen as the target gene of miR-582-5p by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, restoration of AKT3 could impair tumor suppression role of miR-582-5p on gastric cancer growth. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-582-5p exerted tumor-suppressive effects on gastric cancer growth via targeting AKT3 in vitro, which provided an innovative and candidate target for diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Surgical treatment for carcinoma of the oesophagus in Chinese language publications.

INTRODUCTION: This review is a meta-analysis of Chinese language publications on surgical treatment for oesophageal cancer. METHODS: Between 1980 and 1994, 17,815 patients had surgery for carcinoma of the oesophagus. The male:female ratio was 3.9:1 and mean age was 51.9 (range 16-80) years. RESULTS: Mean resectability rate was 86.7 per cent and hospital mortality rate was 3.8 per cent. The crude 5-year and 10-year survival rates for all patients were 29.6 and 16.4 per cent respectively. For patients with stage 0 and stage I tumours, the 5-year survival rate was 95 and 89 per cent respectively, significantly greater than that for those with stage II, III and IV tumours (19.4 per cent, P < 0.01). The 5-year survival rate of all 2226 patients with tumour resection after radiotherapy was 38.0 per cent. There was no significant difference in survival following combination therapy compared with surgery alone. When compared with a report for the interval 1940-1979, there was no significant difference in the resectability, hospital mortality or 5-year survival rates. CONCLUSION: Oesophageal carcinoma remains a disease with dismal prognosis but surgery still offers the best chance of long-term survival. Adjuvant therapy has not yet proved an advantage in terms of survival but can be useful for palliation. Mass screening might improve survival but only in a population with a high incidence of oesophageal carcinoma.

[Carcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus and report of 51 cases].

Fifty-one patients with carcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus were treated surgically from 1971 to 1990. This represented 10.2% of all treated cases with esophageal carcinoma during the same period. The mean age was 63 years. The most common symptom was dysphagia. According to PTNM staging, 18 were stage II, 24 stage III and 4 stage IV. All patients were treated by surgery. The 30-day hospital mortality was 3.9%. The one, two and five-year survival rates were 45.9%, 25.0% and 13.6%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate was significant greater for stage II (25.0%) than for stage III + IV patients (4.5%), and for tumor length < 6 cm (21.0%) than for tumor length > 6 cm (0). The results indicate that the survival rate following resection is closely related to the clinical stage and tumor size.

[The effects extracorporeal circulation and open heart surgery on cardiovascular regulate peptide].

Serum endothelin (ET), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neurotensin (NT) and substance-P (SP) were determined in 15 patients undergoing open heart surgery. The ET content was higher before operation that during and after operation (P < 0.01). After heart recovery by open circulation, the ET content was lowest. Returning to ICU and 24 hours after operation, the ET content was elevated but still lower than that before operation. The CGRP content was not changed obviously during CPB but higher than that before and during operation (P < 0.05). The NT content was not changed during CPB but was higher after returning to ICU. It returned to normal 24 hours postoperatively. The SP content increased significantly during CPB, and returned to normal after returning to ICU and 24 hours postoperatively. The reasons and clinical significance of these changes were discussed.

[Clinical study on changes in insulin, C-peptide and glucagon during cardiopulmonary bypass].

Insulin, C-peptide and glucagon levels in plasma from 13 patients during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were measured. Insulin level was higher during and after CPB than the level before operation (P less than 0.01 or 0.01 less than P less than 0.05). C-peptide level during and after CPB was much higher than the level before operation (P less than 0.01). There were no changes in glucagon level in CPB patients. The mechanism of these changes and clinical significances were discussed.