Predictors for intraoperative heart failure in children undergoing foreign-body removal.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the predictors for intraoperative heart failure (HF) in children undergoing foreign-body removal. The clinical data of all children with tracheobronchial foreign-body aspiration admitted to the First, Second, and Fourth Affiliated Hospitals of Harbin Medical University between January 1996 and September 2018 were analyzed. The variables with significant difference in univariate analysis were involved into the multivariate Logistic model to determine the predictors for intraoperative tachycardia. In total, 300 tracheobronchial foreign-body aspiration children were eligible for the study, among whom 60 cases (20%) suffered from HF during the operation. Between the children HF and those without HF, the differences were pronounced in history of allergy, history of asthma, congenital heart disease, preoperative respiratory infection, retention time of foreign bodies, duration of operation, and poor anesthesia effect (P < .05). Multivariate analysis results showed that history of allergy (odds ratio [OR]: 1.395, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.202-1.620, P < .001), congenital heart disease [OR: 3.071, 95% CI: 1.141-8.264, P < .001], preoperative respiratory infection [OR: 2.345, 95% CI: 1.027-5.355, P = .043], retention time of foreign bodies [OR: 1.013, 95% CI: 1.010-1.016, P < .001], duration of operation [OR: 1.030, 95% CI: 1.027-1.033, P < .001], and poor anesthesia effect [OR: 1.125, 95% CI: 1.117-1.134, P < .001] were identified as the influencing factors for intraoperative HF. In conclusions, for children undergoing foreign-body removal, history of allergy, congenital heart disease, preoperative respiratory infection, retention time of foreign bodies, duration of operation, and poor anesthesia effect are associated with an increased risk of intraoperative HF.

Inhibition Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells TNF-α Gene Transfected Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Based on Nanomaterial Polyphthalamide Monoamine Dendrimer Nanomaterial.

The present study aims to investigate the possibility of TNF-α gene transfection into CIK (cytokine-induced killer) cells using the nanomaterial PAMAM and the inhibitory effects of these cells on the growth of the human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2. The pEGFP-N1-TNF-α recombinant plasmid was constructed and used to transfect the CIK cells using the nanomaterial PAMAM. Subsequently, the transfection efficiency was measured. The ELISA method was used to analyze the CIK cell culture supernatant. TNF-α concentration in fluid, and CIK cell phenotype was analyzed by the flow cytometry. The MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory activity of CIK cells on the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 after transfection. The CIK cells were transfected with the nanomaterial PAMAM using the successfully constructed recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-TNF-α. The growth characteristics and phenotypic characteristics of the transfected CIK cells were not changed, and an increase in the TNF-α secretion was observed, indicating that the CIK cells can significantly inhibit CNE-2 cell growth (P < 0005).

MicroRNA­195 is associated with regulating the pathophysiologic process of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be associated with the modulation of tumor development, including alterations associated with the development of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The present study was designed to investigate whether miRNA­195 was associated with the pathophysiologic process of human LSCC and to identify its potential roles and underlying molecular mechanisms. To determine whether miRNA­195 serves a role in LSCC, reverse transcription­quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect miRNA­195 expression in LSCC tissues. The tumor­suppressive effect of miRNA­195 was determined by in vitro assays. Gain­of­function studies using miRNA­195 mimics were performed to investigate cell viability, migration and invasion, and apoptosis in the AMC­HN­8 cell line. Western blotting was performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms of miRNA­195 and its downstream signaling pathways in the LSCC AMC­HN­8 cell line. The present study demonstrated that miRNA­195 is downregulated in primary LSCC tumors. Upregulating miRNA­195 in vitro suppressed cell viability, migration and invasion in AMC­HN­8 cells. Overexpression of miRNA­195 alone in AMC­HN­8 cells was sufficient to induce cell apoptosis, as identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Compared with the high expression of miRNA­195 in AMC­HN­8 cells, the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor­II protein and downstream signaling pathway proteins, which were associated with cell viability, migration, invasion and apoptosis, were markedly decreased compared with control or miRNA­195 negative control treatment group. Together, these data suggest the therapeutic potential of miRNA­195 in modulating cell growth, migration and apoptosis during the pathophysiological progression of LSCC and that miRNA­195 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in human LSCC.

Dual-Channel Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Port for Evacuation of Deep-Seated Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Obstructive Hydrocephalus.

BACKGROUND: In minimally invasive endoscopic port surgery, the medium is air, and the image is clearer than in fluid. The most commonly used port is a single-channel port, which accommodates the rod lens of the endoscope and 2 microsurgical instruments. This setup decreases the freedom of movement of the 3 instruments, making the bimanual procedure difficult. We describe a novel "dual-channel" endoscopic port to facilitate a bimanual refinement procedure for removing deep-seated spontaneous intracerebral hematomas, and we demonstrate the feasibility of this method. METHODS: The small channel accommodates a 0° endoscope lens, and the large channel accommodates 2 microsurgical instruments. This method was used in 8 patients with deep-seated spontaneous intracerebral hematomas with obstructive hydrocephalus. It was necessary to evacuate the deep-seated hematomas in these patients as soon as possible to recover the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid. RESULTS: Dual-channel port surgery was performed in 8 patients with an average age of 55 years (range, 44-79 years). The time from ictus to surgery ranged from 4 hours to 12 days. The duration of drainage tube placement was 2-5 days. The hematomas in all patients, in the third ventricle or thalamus, were evacuated thoroughly. In each patient, improvements in Glasgow Coma Scale scores were observed from admission to discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The dual-channel endoscopic port facilitated bimanual refinement microsurgery during the evacuation of deep-seated intracerebral hematomas, and it prevented the disturbance of the 3 instruments without restraining the scope of the operation during the microsurgical procedure.

[Analysis on non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis for 59 cases by endoscopic sinus surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the etiology and clinical features of non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis and to evaluate the methods and curative effects of endoscopic sinus surgery. METHOD: The denial and follow-up data of 59 patients with non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: Following up for 2-5 years, no complications were observed. Fifty-seven patients were cured and two cases were recurred. CONCLUSION: Clearing up the infected focus by endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective treatment of non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. Enlarging the opening of cavity during the operation, the regular irrigation and rechecking after the operation were important for avoiding the recurrence.

[Change of ACTH and cortisol in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome after the operation of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the change of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal hormone in patients with Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by observing the change of Corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol after Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). METHOD: OSAHS patients were monitored by polysomnography (PSG). The ACTH and cortisol levels in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay before, during and after sleep in pre-operation and six months post-operation. Their correlation were analyzed. RESULT: The cortisol concentration [ (170.4+/-56.5) microg/L, (252.2+/-62.3) microg/L, (276.9+/-70.4) microg/L, (2859.0+/-63.2) microg/L, (395.1+/-85.2) microg/L before, during and after sleep] in the before UPPP group were significantly higher than those of the after UPPP group [(133.5+/-24.8) microg/L, (99.9+/-9.2) microg/L, (103.8+/-13.2) microg/L, (146.2+/-22.5) microg/L, (199.6+/-20.9) microg/L before, during and after sleep, respectively, all P <0. 05]; but there was no difference in corticotropin(ACTH). The average blood oxygen concentration was negatively correlated with average awareness duration (r = -0.713). CONCLUSION: There are abnormal change of HPA axis in OSAHS patients, and the feedback regulation is disordered. These abnormalities are related to sleep awareness and hypoxia during sleep.