IRM du cancer du col de l'uterus en milieu tropical

Introduction : Le cancer du col de l'uterus est le premier cancer de la femme en Cote d'Ivoire avec un fort de mortalite eleve .Son diagnostic tardif et l'absence de radiotherapie limite sa prise en charge. L'IRM permet le bilan d'extension.Objectif : Decrire les aspects epidemiologiques et radiologiques du cancer du col de l'uterus en milieu tropical.Materiels et Methode : Etude descriptive retrospective realisee sur 12 mois. Ont ete inclus 50 patientes presentant un cancer histologiquement prouve.Resultats : La moyenne d'age des patientes etait de 48;42 ans. Les lesions etaient dans 50% des cas endocervicales; dans 33% des cas infiltrantes. Le diametre tumoral moyen etait de 6;29cm; superieur au seuil d'operabilite de 04 cm. Il a ete observe 80% d'invasion vaginale; 73% d'invasion parametriale; 40% d'infiltration de la vessie ou du rectum. 41% des tumeurs presentaient une extension lymphatique. Les tumeurs etaient au stade IB de FIGO dans 6% des cas; IIB dans 33% des cas; et IVA dans 60% des cas.Conclusion : Le cancer du col de l'uterus est de decouverte tardive dans les pays tropicaux. L'IRM permet au mieux la stadification de la tumeur

La radiofrequence percutanee dans la prise en charge de l'hepatocarcinome : un espoir pour nos pays en voie de developpement

Objectif : Evaluer l'apport de la radiofrequence percutanee dans la prise en charge de l'hepatocarcinome en terme de faisabilite et d'efficacite sous nos tropiques. Materiel et Methodes :Etude retrospective sur une periode de 12 mois ayant porte sur l'analyse de tous les dossiers adresses dans notre service d'imagerie pour la prise en charge par radiofrequence percutanee d'hepatocarcinome apres discussion multidisciplinaire entre chirurgiens oncologues et radiologues digestifs. Cinq dossiers ont ete retenus. La necrose tumorale etait consideree comme complete en l'absence de prise de contraste arterielle nodulaire du site de radiofrequence sur l'examen TDM ou IRM de controle realise un a deux mois apres la procedure. Resultats :L'age moyen des patients etait de 64;4 ans. L'hepatopathie sous jacente etait de type cirrhotique pour tous les patients. Six nodules ont ete traites par radiofrequence. La necrose complete etait objectivee pour 05 nodules sur 06 traites soit 83%. La persistance d'un residu tumoral a ete observe dans 01 cas soit 17%. Deux deces etaient survenus a 08 et 09 mois. La survie sans recidive a 01 an etait de 100%.Conclusion : La prise en charge par radiofrequence percutanee de l'hepatocarcinome constitue une alternative efficace alliant innocuite; facilite et disponibilite

Aspects radiographiques des fractures traumatiques du coude de l'enfant

Introduction. Les observations cliniques semblaient indiquer que les fractures du coude qui sont des solutions de continuite osseuse concernant la palette humerale; l'olecrane et la tete radiale etaient frequentes et multimodales. Elles necessitaient des explorations radiographiques en complement du diagnostic clinique en meme temps qui permettaient la surveillance clinique de ces traumatismes. Les objectifs de ce travail etaient d'analyser les caracteristiques epidemiologiques et radiographiques des differents types de fractures du coude de l'enfant et de determiner l'existence de specificites eventuelles. Population et methodes. Il s'est agi d'une etude retrospective a visee descriptive sur une periode de 5 ans de patients adresses par le service de chirurgie pediatrique du CHU de Treichville qui presentaient une fracture du coude et qui avaient beneficie d'une radiographie standard de face et de profil avant et apres le traitement. Les examens ont ete realises sur un appareil analogique de marque APELEM Excel 2TS R (Nimes;France). Resultats. L'age moyen des patients etait de 6;35 ans avec 63;4 de sujets masculins. Le traumatisme etait survenu au decours d'une activite sportive dans 39;4 des cas. Le cote gauche etait atteint dans 60;6 des cas. Les lesions observees a la radiographie standard etaient des fractures supra-condyliennes (50;7); un refoulement des clartes graisseuses (73;2). Les lesions associees etaient craniennes (8;5). Nos patients ont beneficie d'un traitement orthopedique dans 63;4 et d'une chirurgie par embrochage dans 31. Le controle a 4 semaines indiquait que 95;1 des fractures etaient reduites et consolidees. Conclusion. Les fractures du coude de l'enfant etaient frequentes et graves. La radiographie standard a represente le support diagnostic de premiere intention et a permis une prise en charge adequate et une surveillance post therapeutique rendant ainsi le pronostic fonctionnel favorable

Isolated gastric outlet obstruction due to corrosive ingestion.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of isolated gastric outlet obstruction secondary to corrosive ingestion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective chart review of eight patients who developed gastric stricture following corrosive ingestion and were treated in the Digestive and General Surgery Service of Yopougon Teaching Hospital in Abidjan from 1991 to 2009. RESULTS: Six men and two women (mean age of 34.3 [range 21 to 48 years]) had isolated gastric outlet obstruction following accidental (n=2) or suicidal (n=6) acid ingestion. Two patients sought hospital medical attention two days after ingestion, whereas six patients came to hospital with a mean delay of 60.8 days (range 12 and 96 days). Patients sought medical attention for poor general status (n=6), postprandial vomiting (n=4), early satiety (n=2) and retrosternal pain (n=2). Two patients, who presented early to hospital, underwent upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy the day after admission and then received a feeding jejunostomy whereas the esogastroduodenal barium swallow and feeding jejunostomy were performed after a mean delay of 2 days (range 1 and 3 days) and 3 days (range 1 and 5 days), respectively. The findings at upper endoscopy and barium swallow were: microgastria (n=2), midgastric stricture (n=1), antropyloric stricture (n=4) and gastric body stricture (n=1). One patient died preoperatively as the result of severe nutritional depletion. A follow-up endoscopy and barium swallow were performed respectively 21 and 35 days later. Definitive surgery was performed after a mean delay of 85 days (range 74 to 123 days) in the remaining seven patients. Gastric lesions were managed by total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy (n=2), partial gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy (n=2) or simple gastrojejunostomy (n=3). During the mean follow-up period of 4 years (range 1 to 7 years), all patients were free of symptoms. CONCLUSION: Isolated corrosive gastric stricture is relatively rare. Surgery tailored according to the extent of gastric stricture provides excellent results.

[Rectus abdominis muscle endometrioma: sparse tumor of scarred abdominal wall in a woman]. / L'endometriome du muscle grand droit: tumeur rare de la paroi abdominale cicatricielle chez la femme.

Muscular tumors in scared abdominal wall in a woman are unfrequent reason of counselling. In rare case these tumors are the result of ectopic graft of endometrial cells after abdominal or pelvic surgery with or without opening of uterus cavity. We report the case of a not typical abdominal wall endometrioma in the rectus abdominis muscle without variation of signs and volume related to menstruation ; Diagnosis was made by histological examination after carcinological excision because of recurrence and degeneration risk.

[Prognosis of post-operative digestive fistulas in Chu de Yopougon: Abidjan/Cote d'Ivoire]. / Pronostic des fistules digestives post-operatoires au Chu de Yopougon : Abidjan/Cote d'Ivoire.

OBJECTIVE: Because of the difficulties to manage the post-operative digestive fistulas (FDPO) and their disappointing results, the authors led this survey. It's objective is to identify the prognosis factors in order to optimize their management and improve their prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHOD: It is a retrospective survey during 12 years, from January 1992 to December 2004 in the general and digestive surgery adult service of CHU Yopougon. It included 86 files of patients aged of 15 years at least presenting a FDPO. RESULTS: The middle age was of 36.8 years. The death rate was 29.06%. It rose with age. The risk of death was multiplied by 5.54 over age of 55 years (OR = 5.54 and p = 0.012). The number of death rose meaningfully with the length of the diagnostic delay (p = 0.016 for OR1 = 1.64 and OR2 = 8.94. The death rate was raised more in the exposed fistulas that in the controlled fistulas (87% against 45%). In 50% of the cases the death occurred when the debit was superior or equal to 500 cc daily. Among the patients submitted to the medical treatment 69.70% had a spontaneous closing of their fistula in a middle delay of 27.18 days for extremes varying between 13 and 47 days. CONCLUSION: The affection is very serious considering it's death rate. A precocious diagnosis and a fast and adapted management should permit to reduce this higher mortality.

[Value of perineal sonography for diagnosing anterior urethral stenosis]. / Valeur de l'échographie de surface par voie périnéale dans le diagnostic des sténoses de l'urètre antérieur.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the value of perineal sonography in the diagnosis of urethral stenosis and evaluation of surrounding fibrosis. Materials and methods. Fifty-eight healthy subjects underwent urethral sonography. Thirty-two patients with suspected urethral stenosis underwent sonography after retrograde distension of the urethra using normal saline and retrograde urethrogram and voiding cystourethrogram. RESULTS: The mean diameters of the healthy urethra varied from 11 to 15 mm. The mean thickness of normal periurethral tIssue was between 2 and 4mm. Sonography detected 34 stenoses (97.4%). The length of the stenosis was significantly longer at sonography compared to retrograde urethrogram and voiding cystourethrogram. No significant difference was found between both techniques when measuring urethral diameter. In all cases, the thickness of periurethral tIssues was greater at the stenotic level than at a normal level, irrespective of the involved segment. There was no correlation between the thickness of periurethral tIssues and the degree of stenosis. CONCLUSION: Urethral sonography is a method that permits diagnosis of urethral stenosis and evaluation of periurethral fibrosis. It may replace retrograde urethrogram and voiding cystourethrogram in the diagnosis of post infectious stenosis.

Leaf extract of Caesalpinia bonduc Roxb. (Caesalpiniaceae) induces an increase of contractile force in rat skeletal muscle in situ.

The pharmacological properties of Caesalpinia bonduc Roxb. (Caesalpiniaceae) are not well known, but it is used traditionally to treat snake bite (Bellomaria and Kacou, 1995; Schaffner, 1997). In the present study, the mechanism through which Caesalpinia bonduc extract (Cebo) affects gallamine-induced relaxation in rat tibial muscle contractility were studied via measurement of isometric-tension-anesthetized, 10-12-week-old, male rats. Isometric twitch contractions of the indirectly-stimulated anterior tibia muscle of the right hindleg were recorded in situ. Cebo administered intravenously (i.v.) increased twitch contractions in a dose-dependent manner. The ED50 value is 2.75 x 10(-4) g/kg body wt. Similar results were obtained using the anticholinesterase neostigmine. In contrast, gallamine (a non-depolarizing muscle relaxant) or the venom of the puff adder Bitis arietans reduced the force of contraction. Treatment with Cebo or neostigmine, however, reversed the relaxation induced by either gallamine or puff adder venom. In conclusion, Cebo stimulates the muscle contractile activity, an effect which may be due to an activation of the cholinergic mechanism.

Evaluation du drainage des pleuresies purulentes dans le service de pneumophtisiologie du CHU de Cocody

Notre travail est une etude retrospective sur une periode de 3 ans (1998-2001) evaluant le drainage des pleuresies purulentes dans le service de Pneumo-Phtisiologie du C.H.U. de Cocody. L'objectif de ce travail est d'apprecier le role du drainage pleural dans la prise en charge des pleuresies purulentes. Les pleuresies purulentes touchent essentiellement le sujet de sexe masculin (63pour cent) et l'adulte jeune (67pour cent). Toutes les couches socioprofessionnelles sont concernees par l'atteinte des -pleuresies purulentes. On trouve dans les antecedents des pathologies variees: une tuberculose (3 5pour cent); une intoxication tabagique et/ou alcoolique (17pour cent); une pleuresie (27pour cent) et un zona (17pour cent). Le mode de debut apparait le plus souvent progressif (46pour cent). Les localisations droites dominent dans notre serie; 52pour cent; l'aspect radiologique le plus frequent etant l'hydropneumothorax. Les etiologies a germes banals sont les plus incriminees (62pour cent); suivies de l'etiologie tuberculose (38pour cent). La duree moyenne de drainage est de 10 jours. La duree moyenne d'hospitalisation est de 21 jours. Le lavage drainage constitue la technique d'evacuation la plus utilisee avec comme antiseptique de choix; la Betadine jaune; 91pour cent. Le drainage pleural a une influence positive sur la fievre; 95pour cent d'apyrexie post drainage. Les resultats de la prise en charge: 81pour cent d'evolution favorable avec ou sans sequelles; 13pour cent d'echec et 6pour cent de deces

[Peritonitis by fish bone. Review of the literature. Pathogenic discussion]. / Péritonite par arête de poisson. Revue de la littérature. Discussion pathogénique.

From one case of peritonitis by fish bone, we have reviewed medical literature in order to explain the mechanism of this type of peritonitis perforation, which can be assimilated to peritonitis in three phases.

[Deep cerebral venous thrombosis]. / Les thromboses veineuses cérébrales profondes.

Deep cerebral venous system thrombosis is uncommon and is usually encountered in children, generally in the neonatal period. In adults, this pathology is even more exceptional. We report two cases in adults. Deep cerebral venous system thrombosis mainly affects women taking oral contraception. The most common clinical pattern combines headaches and confusion. A comatose state is rather exceptional. This pathology, formerly considered to have poor prognosis, has benefited from diagnostic and therapeutic progress. Favorable outcome has been achieved in several recent cases, as one of ours, without after-effects. Diagnosis, often suggested by the CT-scan, is based on MRI associated with MRA. Thrombus formation is easily diagnosed by MRI at the subacute stage, but far less easily at the acute and chronic stages as the low signal is identical to the normal flow void. MRA, in phase contrast or time of flight sequences, is highly interesting at the acute phase. In case of doubt, an angiography can be applied. Therapy is based on heparin. The contribution of local infusion of thrombolytic agents, recently used with success, remains to be determined.