Changes in the Objective Vision Quality of Adolescents in a Mesopic Visual Environment After Wearing Orthokeratology Lenses: A Prospective Study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate changes in objective vision quality in mesopic environments in teenagers with myopia after wearing orthokeratology (OK) lenses. METHODS: This prospective clinical study included 45 patients (80 eyes) who received OK lenses at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from March 2021 to September 2021. An Optical Path Difference-Scan III refractive power/corneal analyzer was used to determine the corneal topographic parameters (corneal e, corneal Q, surface asymmetry index (SAI), and surface regularity index (SRI)), higher-order aberrations (HOAs), axial length (AL) change, lens decentration, induced astigmatism, target power, and Strehl ratio (SR) in a mesopic visual environment after wearing OK lenses for 6 months. In addition, corneal morphological parameters, HOAs, and SR were analyzed in a mesopic visual environment. Finally, we investigated the correlations among corneal morphology, HOAs, AL change, lens decentration, induced astigmatism, and SR. RESULTS: The SAI value was significantly higher (P<0.01), and the corneal e was significantly lower (P<0.01), in a mesopic visual environment after wearing OK lenses for 1 week than baseline. A significant increase was observed in total HOAs and spherical aberrations, compared with before the OK lenses were worn (P<0.01). In addition, SR in the mesopic visual environment decreased significantly after wearing the lenses (P<0.01). No significant differences were observed (P>0.05) among the 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up findings. After 6 months, AL and lens decentration did not differ significantly compared with before (P>0.05), whereas induced astigmatism significantly increased (P<0.05). Negative correlations were observed between corneal Q, SAI, SRI, HOAs, induced astigmatism, and SR, and positive correlations were found between corneal e, AL change, lens decentration, and SR, after wearing OK lenses. KEY POINTS: • Wearing orthokeratology lenses significantly altered corneal morphology and HOAs in myopic teenagers within 1 week. • The changes that we observed in the eyes of adolescents with myopia after wearing orthokeratology lenses decreased vision quality in mesopic environments. • Strehl ratio is significantly correlated with multiple parameters, including HOAs, AL change, and lens decentration. CONCLUSIONS: In teenagers with myopia wearing OK lenses, significant changes in vision quality and corneal morphology were observed, leading to increased aberrations and affecting optical imaging quality. Furthermore, SR is significantly correlated with multiple parameters, including HOAs, AL change, and lens decentration. REGISTRATION NUMBER: This study is registered with the United States Clinical Trials Registry under registration number NCT04929119.

Synthesis and bioactivities of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing a 1,2,3-thiadiazole moiety.

A series of new pyrazole oxime compounds bearing a 1,2,3-thiadiazole ring were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their insecticidal, acaricidal and antitumor activities. Bioassays demonstrated that some title compounds displayed satisfactory insecticidal and acaricidal properties. Especially, compounds 8d and 8h exhibited 90% insecticidal activities against Aphis craccivora at the concentration of 100µg/mL. Interestingly, some of the target compounds possessed significant antitumor activities against four human cancer cell lines in vitro. Among them, compounds 8e (IC50=7.19µM), 8l (IC50=6.56µM), 8m (IC50=8.12µM), and 8r (IC50=7.06µM) had better inhibitory activities against HCT-116 cells than the control 5-fluorouracil (IC50=29.50µM). Additionally, compounds 8j, 8m, and 8r showed wonderful inhibitory activities against SGC-7901 cells with the IC50 values of 11.46, 9.41, and 8.64µM, respectively, which were superior to that of the control 5-fluorouracil.

Design, Synthesis and Bioactivities of Novel Dichloro-Allyloxy-Phenol-Containing Pyrazole Oxime Derivatives.

In this study, in order to find novel biologically active pyrazole oxime compounds, a number of dichloro-allyloxy-phenol-containing pyrazole oximes were designed and synthesized according to the method of active group combination. All of the target compounds were confirmed by ¹H-NMR, (13)C-NMR and elemental analysis. In addition, bioassays showed that all of the newly synthesized compounds had no acaricidal activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus and low insecticidal activity against Aphis craccivora at tested concentrations. However, most of them displayed excellent insecticidal activity against Oriental armyworm at a concentration of 500 µg/mL, and some designed compounds still exhibited potent insecticidal activity against Oriental armyworm even at the dose of 20 µg/mL, especially compounds 7f, 7n and 7p had 100%, 90% and 90% inhibition rates, respectively, which were comparable to that of the control pyridalyl.