RESUMO
The aim of the study was to identify the features of coronary lesions and to determine the correlation between the main risk factors for coronary artery disease according to the SCORE quality of life scale and the calcium index in MSCT in different age and ethnic groups in men and women living in Kazakhstan. We retrospectively analyzed 935 case histories of patients undergoing MSCT to assess the condition of the coronary arteries. The patients were divided into three groups: Kazakhs (66.9%), Russians (21.4%) and other (11.7%) nationalities. There were statistically significant differences between ethnic groups in BMI (p=0.03), type of chest pain (p<0.01), statin use (p=0.01), and blood glucose (p<0.01). The study showed that the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis is higher among Russians compared to Kazakhs, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors. In multivariate analysis, the calcium index values ââwere significantly higher in the group of the Russian population by 48% (OR=1.48; 95% CI 0.91-2.40) than in the Kazakh population. In the course of the cross-sectional study, statistically significant differences in the nature of coronary lesions were revealed between ethnic groups, mainly males, living in the Republic. Until now, such studies have not yet been conducted among the inhabitants of Kazakhstan, and data on the ethnic specificity of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in this geographical region have not been sufficiently studied. Previous studies have shown that East Asians, including Chinese, Koreans, and Japanese, have a lower incidence of coronary artery disease as measured by CI compared to Europeans. A large MESA study also reported observations that study participants of Chinese nationality had a lower CI compared to Europeans. Despite significant differences in dietary habits and living in different climatic conditions between Asians of different countries, lower CI scores appear to be a racial trait of Asians, which was further confirmed by our study. These results are undoubtedly representative, as patients from different regions of Kazakhstan were treated in two clinics of republican significance. In the future, it is necessary to conduct prospective studies with subsequent follow-up of patients after treatment and in identifying the causes of recurrent coronary events, as was done in the MESA study.
