Coronary atherosclerosis and chemical trace elements in the hair. A canonical correlation study of autopsy subjects, using an atherometric system and the X-ray fluorescence analysis.

An atherometric system (AS) was used to study coronary atherosclerotic lesions of a sample of 73 autopsy subjects. The content of nine chemical elements in the hair (K, Ca, Zn, Br, Sr, Pb, S, Cl, Cu) and the rates Zn/Cu and Ca/K were determined by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analysis. Some canonical correlation analyses (CCA) were made of different combinations of chemical elements contents and of the following descriptive arterial variables of As: fatty streaks, fibrous plaques, severe (complicated plus calcified), plaques, and total atherosclerosis and the three weighted indices of AS, i.e. obstruction, stenosis and benignity. The arterial variables were obtained from the three major epicardial branches of the coronary arteries. Similar CCA analyses were performed to correlate chemical elements of the hair with some heart variables of AS, such as heart weight and estimated total volume of myocardium damaged by fibrosis and/or necrosis. The most remarkable results were as follows: Combinations of Pb, Ca/K, Zn/Cu and Fe, Ca/K, Zn/Cu were always strongly correlated with fatty streaks, fibrous plaques and severe plaques of the three coronary artery branches and the total coronary artery system, with the only exception of the left circumflex coronary artery when Fe was included. Similar results were recorded from obstruction, stenosis and benignity indices of AS. These two combinations of chemical elements were also correlated with the heart variables of AS. When the group of elements was integrated by Br, Ca/K, Zn/Cu, there were significant results with the heart variables, but not with the arterial variables of the AS.

Coronary atherosclerosis and hair elements contents. A correlation study of 102 autopsy subjects using the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis and applying an atherometric system.

An atherometric system (AS) was used to study the coronary atherosclerotic lesions of a consecutive series of 102 autopsies divided into two groups according to the principal cause of death, the myocardial infarction and the low atherosclerosis groups, respectively (MIG 67 cases, LAG 35 cases). The hair elements contents (K, Ca, Zn, Br, Sr, Pb, S, Cl, Cu, and their rates Ca/Sr, Zn/Cu and Ca/K) were determined by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analysis. A PEARSON correlation analysis was done between each element and the following descriptive arterial variables of the AS: fatty streaks (X), fibrous plaques (Y), severe (complicated plus calcified) plaques (Z) and total atherosclerosis (sigma) and the three weighted indices of the AS: obstruction (omega), stenosis (P) and benignity (B). These variables were obtained from the three major epicardial branches of the coronary arteries (right RC, left anterior descending LAD and left circumflex LC). From a total of 189 possible correlations between the 9 elements and their 3 combinations and the 7 variables of the AS in the three coronary arteries, 86 (45.5%) were significant. The fatty streak was the best correlated variable. It correlated with all elements with the only exception of chloride. The fibrous plaque was poorly correlated. The severe plaques and total atherosclerosis correlated mainly with Zn and Pb in the MIG and Sr in the LAG. The weighted indices have the same behaviour. Also some correlations were found between K, Ca, Zn, Br, Sr, Pb, Ca/Sr, Zn/Cu and Ca/K ratios with some of the variables of the AS in each coronary artery.

[Allergic conjunctivitis. Treatment and course]. / Conjuntivitis alérgica. Tratamiento y evolución.

A group of 74 patients with allergic conjunctivitis from the out patient service of allergy of the Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente José Luis Miranda, in Santa Clara, were studied. In this study are stressed the importance of the search for etiologic agents influencing the disease and the used diagnostic methods. Finally, the used treatments are pointed out. The most frequent were the strepto-staphylo-gamma vaccines, preventive measures, antibiotic drops, environmental measures and sodium cromoglycate drops. Treatment was dynamic, individual and associated with the ophthalmology and pediatric allergy specialties.

Successfully implementing a point-of-care system.

To research this article, two hospitals were interviewed who recently installed a point-of-care system. They were asked, "Do the general criteria for HIS success apply to point-of-care systems, and if so, how specifically did they enter into your implementation efforts?"

Chequeo oftalmológico a niños de escuelas primarias de la ciudad de Santa Clara. Villa Clara / Ophthalmological check-up to primary school children in the city of Santa Clara. Villa Clara

Dada la importancia de la detección temprana de patologías oculares en niños, para la instauración de tratamientos precoces, nos dimos a la tarea de chequear las escuelas primarias de la Ciudad de Santa Clara examinando a los niños de pre-escolar, 1ro y 2do grados, a los cuales se les tomó la agudeza visual con el tes-mano. Aquellos niños que no alcanzaron visión normal fueron remitidos a la consulta de oftalmología del Hospital Infantil "Jose L. Miranda", donde se les confeccionó la Historia Clínica oftalmológica realizándose la refracción. De esta forma, fueron examinados un total de 4188 niños de los que a 215 se les constató déficit visual acompañándose de defectos refractivos, imponiéndoles tratamientos con lentes, correctoras u otro tratamiento específico tanto en consulta como en el Centro especializado que para tales efectos existe en nuestra Provincia