RESUMO
Objective: To investigates the visual condition and myopia status in primary school students of grade 1 to 3 in Hubei province and to further analyze the influencing factors of myopia, so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of myopia. Method: Cross-sectional study. A total of 18 532 primary school students from grade 1-3 in 26 primary schools from 17 prefecture-level cities in Hubei province were included in the study from March 2017 to July 2017, by using a random stratified cluster sampling method. In this study, 16 955 people were actually surveyed, with a response rate of 91.49%. All students' Visual acuity was measured, a further retinoscopy refraction test after application of Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride Eye Drops was conducted for those whose visual acuity was less than 5.0. The general situation and eye behavior of all students were investigated by questionnaires. Chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of myopia between different grades, different regions and different genders, as well as the distribution of myopia correlation between different regions, and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between myopia and related factors. Results: The prevalence of myopia among primary school students of grade 1 to 3 in Hubei province is 24.15% with 12.67% in the first grade, 24.91% in the second grade, 34.95% in the third grade, and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=862.28, P<0.05). According to the study, mild myopia is the most prevailing condition among myopia students, with the prevalence rate of mild myopia, moderate myopia and severe myopia being 19.21%,4.29%, and 0.64% respectively, and the difference is statistically significant (χ(2)=155.62, P<0.05). In addition, the prevalence of myopia is different in each region, which was highest in provincial capitals, followed by non-provincial cities, and the lowest in rural areas, with statistically significant difference (χ(2)=539.57, P<0.05). Myopia is generally related to multiple factors, such as the grade, parents' myopia, outdoor activities, continuous closing reading, exposure to electronic products, and extracurricular reading time are related to myopia (P<0.05). Conclusions: Children's myopia is a public health problem that should not be ignored. The prevalence of myopia among 1-3 grade pupils is 24.15% with an increasing tendency with grade. The occurrence of myopia is related to heredity and eye behavior. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54:756-761).
