Recent advances of relationship between intestinal microbiota and digestive diseases / 中华检验医学杂志

There are trillions of bacteria in the human′s intestine, these bacteria constitute the largest human microbiota what are called intestinal flora , the intestinal flora participate in or affect the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases with the host as a whole .This review is focused on the relationship between intestinal microbiota and digestive diseases .It is helpful for clinicians to expand their understanding of the pathogenesis of related diseases and to broaden the diagnosis and treatment of diseases by understanding and studying the effects of intestinal microflora on the development of these diseases .

Upregulation of sestrin-2 expression protects against endothelial toxicity of angiotensin II.

Sestrin-2 (SESN2) is involved in the cellular response to different stress conditions. However, the function of SESN2 in the cardiovascular system remains unknown. In the present study, we tested whether SESN2 has a beneficial effect on vascular endothelial damage induced by angiotensin II (AngII). Firstly, we found that AngII induces expression of SESN2 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. We also found that knockdown of SESN2 using small RNA interference promotes cellular toxicity of AngII, as well as a reduction in cell viability, exacerbation of oxidative stress, and stimulation of apoptosis. In addition, our results show that the c-Jun NH (2)-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun pathway is activated by AngII. Inhibiting the activity of the JNK pathway abolishes the increase in SESN2 induced by AngII. Importantly, overexpression of c-Jun promotes luciferase activity of the SESN2 promoter. These findings suggest that the inductive effect of SESN2 is mediated by the JNK/c-Jun pathway. Our results indicate that the induction of SESN2 acts as a compensatory response to AngII for survival, implying that stimulating expression of SESN2 might be an effective pharmacological target for the treatment of AngII-associated cardiovascular diseases.

MDCT and MRI findings of localized Castleman's disease and its pathological basis / 生物医学工程学杂志

To evaluated the multi-detector CT (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of localized Castleman's disease (CD), we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, MDCT and MRI findings of 13 patients with CD proved pathologically. All patients underwent plain MDCT scan, 11 underwent enhanced CT, and 2 MRI. 14 lesions were detected in the 13 patients, and all of them were hyaline-vascular type (HV-CD) histopathologically. On plain MDCT scans, all lesions were homogeneously attenuated soft tissue mass; intra-tumoral calcification with punctate and "arborizing" patterns was detected in the center of 2 lesions each. Of the patients with enhanced MDCT, all lesions showed obvious enhancement homogeneously except two lesions with central stellate and 1 lesion with dotted low attenuation. Tortuous vessels could be revealed at the periphery of 8 lesions. Of the 2 patients with MRI, the lesions showed slightly hyper-intensity on T1WI, hyper-intensity on T2WI and marked homogenous enhancement. In addition, one of them showed signal void appearance in the center on unenhanced MRI and large supplying artery with tortuous vessels at the periphery on enhanced MRI. In a word, Localized HV-CD usually demonstrated as soft tissue mass with obvious enhancement on MDCT and MRI. Central stellate area of low attenuation and calcification with punctate or "arborizing" pattern may also be present.

Ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction increases capillary permeability in rat skeletal muscles / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of ultrasound mediated microbubble destruction on capillary permeability in rat skeletal muscles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen SD rats were randomized into 3 groups, namely the Evans blue (EB) group, EB+ultrasound (E+U) group and EB+microbubble+ultrasound (U+E+M) group with corresponding treatments, using EB injected into the carotid artery as the indicator for capillary permeability. The microbubbles were injected through the carotid artery with fixed ultrasound parameters. The spillover of EB was estimated under fluorescence microscope according to the visual staining scores. The contents of EB in the skeletal muscles were calculated according to the standard curve and spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EB spillover was observed around the capillaries in E+U+M group, which had a significantly higher visual score than EB group and E+U group (0 and 0-1, respectively, P<0.05). The EB content was 51.57-/+3.89 microg/g in E+U+M group, also significantly higher than those in EB group (28.99-/+4.67 microg/g) and E+U group (30.99-/+4.11 microg/g) (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exposure to both ultrasound and microbubble contrast agents results in increased capillary permeability of rat skeletal muscles, which might be an important mechanisms for gene delivery enhancement by ultrasound contrast agents.</p>

Ifosfamide and vinorelbine combined chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects and toxicity of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)treated by combining chemotherapy on ifosfamide(IFO)and vinorelbine(NVB).Methods 107 cases pa- tients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled.IFO was given in a dosage of 1.5g/m~2 on day 1 to 4.and NVB in a dosage of 25mg/m~2 on day 1 and 8.It was repeated every three or four weeks,up to two to four cycles.Results Two patients had complete response and 40 patients had partial response.The overall response rate was 47.7% ,the median survival time 10.3 months,1-year and 2-year survival rate was 42% and 12.3%,respectively.The main toxicity was bone marrow suppression.Conclusion The regimen is effective,sale and tolerable in advanced non- small cell lung cancer therapy.

Analysis of therapeutic efficacy of Aredia in treating pain caused by advanced malignant metastatic bone tumors / 中国组织工程研究

Objective To study therapeutic efficacy of Aredia in treating malignant metastatic bone tumors. Method 60～ 90 mg Aredia was administrated iv in 31 cases with malignant metastatic tumors,once each week. Results Pain in 12 cases was significantly relieved.14 cases acquired relif.Total effective rate was 83.9% .Activity ability was improved by 80.6% .No apparent toxicological and adverse effects as well as fever and cold symptoms were observed.Conclusion Aredia is a kind of ideal drugs for treatment of pain caused by malignant metastatic bone tumors.It is convenient in use and could be endured by patients.