EBV-microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in EBV-Related Fever: A Narrative Review.

At present, timely and accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection-associated fever remain a difficult challenge. EBV encodes 44 mature microRNAs (miRNAs) that inhibit viral lysis, adjust inflammatory response, regulate cellular apoptosis, promote tumor genesis and metastasis, and regulate tumor cell metabolism. Herein, we have collected the specific expression data of EBV-miRNAs in EBV-related fevers [including infectious mononucleosis (IM), EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH), chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV), and EBV-related tumors] and proposed the potential value of EBV-miRNAs as biomarkers to assist in the identification, diagnosis, and prognosis of EBV-related fever, as well as therapeutic targets for drug development.

Expressions of MAP2K4 and estrogen receptor and their clinical significance in invasive breast cancer / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-4 (MAP2K4) with the pathological features, prognosis and expression of estrogen receptor (ER) in patients with breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of MAP2K4 was detected immunohistochemically in 102 breast cancer tissues. Chi square test was used to analyze the correlation of MAP2K4 expression with the clinicopathological features of the patients. Kaplan-Meier and log rank test were used for survival analysis of the patients. Multivariate survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazard regression model. The correlation between the expressionsof MAP2K4 and ER was investigated using Spearman rank correlation test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunohistochemical analysis revealed low MAP2K4 expression in 55.9%(57/102) and high MAP2K4 expression in 44.1%(45/102) of the breast cancer tissues. The expression of MAP2K4 was significantly correlated with the pathological grades of breast cancer (P=0.011). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with a high expression of MAP2K4 had a shorter overall survival rate than those with low MAP2K4 expressions (P=0.009). Multivariate analysis identified high expression of MAP2K4 as the independent predictor of a poor outcome of patients with breast cancer. The expressions of MAP2K4 and ER were not significantly correlated, but ER-negative patients with a high MAP2K4 expressionshowed the shortest overall survival time.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Overexpression of MAP2K4 promotes the progression in breast cancer and is associated with a poor outcome of the patients. TheER-negativepatients with a high MAP2K4 expression have the shortest overall survival time, suggestingthe value of combined examination of MAP2K4 and ER in accurate estimation of the prognosis of breast cancer patients.</p>

Expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 in colon cancer

OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression of ALDH1 in colon cancer and its clinical significance.@*METHODS@#The expression of ALDH1 was examined in 98 surgical specimens of primary colonic carcinoma and 15 normal colon tissues with immunohistochemistry method. The correlations of the expression with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of colon cancer were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The positive rate of expression of ALDH1 was 76.5% (75/98) in the cancer tissues and 13.3% (2/15) in normal colon tissues. There were an obvious statistical difference (P<0.05) between the two groups. The ALDH1 expression was significantly correlated with the histological grade, TNM stages and lymph node metastasis in colon cancer (P<0.05). It was also related with patients' survival time, those with positive expressions had a poor prognosis (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results suggeste that the overexpression of ALDH1 plays important roles in proliferation and progression in colon cancer, the ALDH1 may be a valuable marker to predict the biological behavior and trend of metastasis of colon cancer.