Highly stable and antifungal properties on the oilseed rape of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanoflakes prepared by simple aqueous precipitation.

In the last few decades, nanoparticles have been a prominent topic in various fields, particularly in agriculture, due to their unique physicochemical properties. Herein, molybdenum copper lindgrenite Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 (CM) nanoflakes (NFs) are synthesized by a one-step reaction involving α-MoO3 and CuCO3⋅Cu(OH)2⋅xH2O solution at low temperature for large scale industrial production and developed as an effective antifungal agent for the oilseed rape. This synthetic method demonstrates great potential for industrial applications. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that CM samples exhibit a pure monoclinic structure. TG and DSC results show the thermal stable properties. It can undergo a phase transition form copper molybdate (Cu3Mo2O9) at about 300 °C. Then Cu3Mo2O9 nanoparticles decompose into at CuO and MoO3 at 791 °C. The morphology of CM powder is mainly composed of uniformly distributed parallelogram-shaped nanoflakes with an average thickness of about 30 nm. Moreover, the binding energy of CM NFs is measured to be 2.8 eV. To assess the antifungal properties of these materials, both laboratory and outdoor experiments are conducted. In the pour plate test, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CM NFs against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (S. sclerotiorum) is determined to be 100 ppm, and the zone of inhibiting S. sclerotiorum is 14 mm. When the concentration is above 100 nm, the change rate of the hyphae circle slows down a little and begins to decrease until to 200 ppm. According to the aforementioned findings, the antifungal effects of a nano CM NFs solution are assessed at different concentrations (0 ppm (clear water), 40 ppm, and 80 ppm) on the growth of oilseed rape in an outdoor setting. The results indicate that the application of CM NFs led to significant inhibition of S. sclerotiorum. Specifically, when the nano CM solution was sprayed once at the initial flowering stage at a concentration of 80 ppm, S. sclerotiorum growth was inhibited by approximately 34%. Similarly, when the solution was sprayed once at the initial flowering stage and once at the rape pod stage, using a concentration of 40 ppm, a similar level of inhibition was achieved. These outcomes show that CM NFs possess the ability to bind with more metal ions due to their larger specific surface area. Additionally, their semiconductor physical properties enable the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, CM NFs hold great potential for widespread application in antifungal products.

Establishment of dissolution test method of isoniazid tablets and evaluation of dissolution profiles / 药物评价研究

Objective To establish a method for determining the dissolution of isoniazid tablet in vitro and evaluate the dissolution profiles.Methods The paddle method was used for the dissolution test and the rotation rate was set at 50 r/min.The hydrochloric acid solution (pH 1.2),acetate buffer solution (pH 4.5),phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) and water (900 mL) were used as the dissolution media.HPLC was used for the determination of dissolution quantity.Results There was a good linear relationship between the quality concentration of i soniazid and peak area in the range of 0.1981-0.9904μg (r =0.9993).The average recovery was 100.2％.Precision,reproducibility,and specificity tests were good.Among the determination of 16 manufactures,the dissolution profiles in water of four manufactures were not similar with Sandoz reference preparation.Conclusion The HPLC method is simple.The accuracy and specificity of determination of isoniazid dissolution are improved.There is significant difference in the dissolution profiles between different manufactures.The method can be used for the determination of dissolution curves for isoniazid tablets.

Effects of fluoride on the degeneration and ossification of the ligamentum flavum in rats / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To study the effects of fluoride on the degeneration and ossification of the ligamentum flavum(OLF).[Method]Thirty-six SD rats were divided into two groups,the experimental group was feeded with water of 100 ppm fluoride in distill water,and the control group with distill water.At the end of three and six months,the rats were analyzed with BMD,and the serum and illiac bone samples were collected for detecting the contents of Calcium,Phosphorus,Magnesium,Zinc,Cuprum,Ferrum and Fluoride.At last,the whole lumbar spine were taken for X-ray and pathological observation.[Result]The results showed dental fluorosis appeared in all objectives as compared to almost normal in control group.BMD of the lumbar spine was also greatly high in six month experimental group.The X-ray analysis showed that there were OLF(OLF appeared)in four rats in six month experimental group.Pathological observations showed in six month group,the changes of the ligamentum flavum were more severe than that in 3 months,and there was OLF oringnated from the attachments,mainly intramembranous ossification.[Conclusion]High content of fluoride could lead to the degeneration and ossification of the ligamnetum flavum in rat's lumbar spine,and might play some important role in the ossification of the ligamentum flavum.