Single-cell mRNA sequencing of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) seminoma reveals the cellular and molecular characteristics of tumour cells.

Testicular tumours are zoonoses that can occur in not only human, but other animals, include giant pandas. A middle-aged male giant panda named Fufu was diagnosed with a testicular tumour and underwent surgery to remove the entire left testis. The testis was mainly composed of three substantive parts: normal tissue on the outside, tumour tissue in the middle, and necrosis in the centre. HE stains revealed that the tumour was a seminoma. Single-cell mRNA sequence was applied to characterise cellular states and molecular circuitries of giant panda testicular seminoma. Only germ cell markers expressed in nearly all tumour cells, and the tumour cells appeared to be the same subtype of seminoma cells. We identified four clusters with unique genes expression. They were early apoptosis cells (EAC), inactive cells (IC), active cells subcluster 1 (AC-1) and active cells subcluster 2 (AC-2). We utilised monocle tools and found that IC cells was in the initiation stage, and EAC was one type of terminal stage, suggesting that tumour cells may undergo apoptosis in the future. AC-2 was another type of terminal stage, representing a group of progressive cells. Our study represents the first report to utilise scRNA-seq to characterise the cellular states and molecular circuitries of a giant panda testicular tumour. This investigation proposes CD117 and CD30 as dependable markers for future pathologic diagnosis. Our findings also suggest that CTSV and other genes with unique expression patterns in active and progressive giant panda seminoma cells may act as early prognostic biomarkers.

The predictive value of serum estradiol level during early phase of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in IVF-ET / 实用医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of serum E2 levels during COH in predicting IVF-ET outcome. Method Data from 311 IVF-ET cycles received long protocol were collected and analyzed according to E 2 levels 5 days after stimulation:Group A (E2≤500 pmol/L), Group B (500 2 000 pmol/L). Results In groups with E2>1 000 pmol/L, the conditions of oocyte and embryo are higher than E2 2 000 pmol/L, the pregnancy rate become lowest. Conclusion E2 levels among 1 000~1 500 pmol/L during early COH predicts a better pregnancy outcome.