Review of Research Progress on Mo-Si-B Alloys.

Mo-Si-B alloys are a crucial focus for the development of the next generation of ultra-high-temperature structural materials. They have garnered significant attention over the past few decades due to their high melting point and superior strength and oxidation resistance compared to other refractory metal alloys. However, their low fracture toughness at room temperature and poor oxidation resistance at medium temperature are significant barriers limiting the processing and application of Mo-Si-B alloys. Therefore, this review was carried out to compare the effectiveness of doped metallic elements and second-phase particles in solving these problems in detail, in order to provide clear approaches to future research work on Mo-Si-B alloys. It was found that metal doping can enhance the properties of the alloys in several ways. However, their impact on oxidation resistance and fracture toughness at room temperature is limited. Apart from B-rich particles, which significantly improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy, the doping of second-phase particles primarily enhances the mechanical properties of the alloys. Additionally, the application of additive manufacturing to Mo-Si-B alloys was discussed, with the observation of high crack density in the alloys prepared using this method. As a result, we suggest a future research direction and the preparation process of oscillatory sintering, which is expected to reduce the porosity of Mo-Si-B alloys, thereby addressing the noted issues.

Effect of operation combined with recombinant human erythropoietin on patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To observe the curative effect and safety of operation combined with recombinant human erythropoietin on patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Seventy-six surgery patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage were divided into rHu-EPO group (40 cases) and control group (36 cases) by random digits table method. The rHu-EPO group was injected subcutaneously with rHu-EPO, and the control group was treated with placebo. Neurologic impairment (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS score) and activities of daily living (Barthel index) were evaluated 1 month and 3 months after treatment respectively. Moreover, blood pressure, hemoglobin, and adverse reaction were also observed. Results The scores of NIHSS and Barthel index in two groups before treatment had no significant differences (P>0.05). One month and 3 months after treatment, the scores of NIHSS and Barthel index in rHu-EPO group were significantly better: (12.27±5.26) scores vs. (15.36±4.34) scores and (8.17±2.40) scores vs. (13.90±2.54) scores, (54.36±21.87) scores vs. (43.47±20.29) scores and (69.71±23.08) scores vs. (52.56±21.32) scores, there were statistical differences(P0.05). There were no apparente adverse reactions such as fever, erythra, itching and deep venous thrombosis in rHu-EPO group. Conclusions Operation combined with recombinant human erythropoietin has nerve protective effect, and might be an effective and safe therapy target in severe intracerebral hemorrhage.

Clinical effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on patients with primary brain stem injury / 中国综合临床

Objective To observe the short-term curative effect and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin(rHu-EPO)on patients with primary brain stem injury. Methods Sixty patients with primary brain stem injury were recruited at Liaocheng People' Hospital from July 2010 to July 2013. All cases were randomly divided into EPO group and control group. The patients in EPO group were injected subcutaneous with rHu-EPO five times at dose of 6 000 U,while patients in the control group were treated with placebo in 2 weeks. All other conventional treatments were the same. NIHSS score and GOS score were evaluated in two weeks and three months respectively. Moreover,blood pressure and hemoglobin were also measured. Results NIHSS score in EPO group was 11. 37 ± 7. 78,significant higher than that of control group after two weeks(19. 41 ± 8. 26,P = 0. 019). GOS score in EPO group was also significant differences in two groups after three months (Z = - 2. 367,P = 0. 009 ). However,no significant difference was observed in the followed-up blood tests. Conclusion Recombinant human erythropoietin could be the exact nerve protective effect,and might be an effective therapy for patients with primary brain stem injury.

The therapeutic effects of two different ways of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for treating early spinal cord injury / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the short-term efficacy and safety of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on patients with early spinal cord injury by subarachnoid injection and by intravenous injection.MethodsNinety-six patients with early spinal cord injury were hospitalized and treated from November 2006 to March 2010.Thirty-eight cases (subarachnoid transplantation group) got transplantation by subarachnoid injection,32 cases (intravenous transplantation group) got transplantation by intravenous injection,26 cases (control group) were hospitalized in the same period but not transplanted.The motor and sensory functions of all three groups were evaluated according to the score standard developed by American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA) before treatment and at the first,the third,the sixth month after treatment.Meanwhile,routine blood test,coagulation,biochemical items and tumor markers were also examined in follow-up.ResultsThe motor and sensory function of three groups had different degree of recovery at the first month after treatment,and sensory function recovered muchsignificantly,but the comparison among three groups had no statistical significance.The scores of motor function increased in three groups at the third month after treatment,but still had no statistical significance (P＞ 0.05).The scores of sensory function of subarachnoid transplantation group[(130.9 ±41.6) scores] and intravenous transplantation group [ (131.2±22.7 ) scores ] increased obviously,and had significant difference compared with control group [ (109.3±36.4) scores] (P ＜ 0.05),but there were nosignificant difference between subarachnoid transplantation group and intravenous transplantation group (P ＞ 0.05).The scores of sensory and motor function of control group didn't increase obviously at the sixth month after treatment,while the scores of subarachnoid transplantation group and intravenous transplantation group gradually improved and had statistical significance compared with control group(P ＜ 0.05).The scores of sensory function was higher in subarachnoid transplantation group[ (151.6±46.9) scores ] than that in intravenous ransplantation group [(134.6 ±40.7) scores] (P ＜0.05).There were no obvious abnormality in the results of followed-up examination.Conclusions The safety and short-term efficacy of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in treating early spinal cord injury by subarachnoid injection and intravenous injection is certified.The subarachnoid injection is better than intravenous injection,but the long-term efficacy need furter study.

The short-term curative effects of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on patients with primary brain stem injury / 中国综合临床

ObjectiveTo explore the short-term curative effect and safety of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in patients with primary brain stem injury.MethodsFifty-four cases with primary brain stem injury were hospitalized during Jul.2007 to Jul.2010 at Liaocheng Brain Hospital,Shandong Province.All cases were randomized into transplantation group( n =30)or control group( n =24 ).The transplantation group was treated with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation by subarachnoid space injection (n =30).The control group were selected from primary brain stem injury patients without stem cell transplantation who were hospitalized at the same period with patients from the transplantation group.Respectively,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was employed to evaluate the condition of patients in the two groups one month after treatment,and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score was used to evaluate curative effects of the two groups at sixth months after treatment.Meanwhile,some other parameters were observed,including blood routine,clotting mechanisms,biochemicalitemsand tumor markers.ResultsThere was significant difference between the transplantation group and the control group in N IHSS score at one month after treatment [ ( 10.86 ± 7.48) vs.( 18.26 ± 8.74),t =2.681,P ＜ 0.05 ].GOS score was significantly different( Z =2.306,P ＜ 0.05 ) between the transplantation group and the control group at sixth month after transplantation.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the blood examination results during the followed-up period.Conclusion Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation is confirmed to be an effective and safe therapy in patients with primary brain stem injury in the short-term.Further evaluation still needs for its long-term efficacy on primary brain stem injury

Treatment of malignant brain gliomas with the chemotherapy of intracerebral implantation of 5-Fu biodegradable polymer combined with radiotherapy of interstitial implantation of 125Ⅰ after microsurgery excision / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the efficacy of treatment on malignant intracranial gliomas with the chemotherapy of intracerebral implantation of 5-Fu biodegradable polymers combined with radiotherapy of interstitial implantation of 125Ⅰ after microsurgery resection. Methods Sixty-five patients with malignant intracranial gliomas who had underwent craniotomy microsurgical resection were intraoperatively implanted in the tumor bed around with 5-Fu biodegradable polymers and 125Ⅰ seeds. After first implantation (3 months to 1 year), stereotactic guided implantation was carried out 1 or 2 times again. The patients were followed up for 6-36 months to observe the efficacy, edema and adverse reactions, compared with follow-up of 40 patients with malignant intracranial gliomas treated by conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy after microsurgical total resection. Results Within 1 week after the implantation the patients had headache significantly, WBC of cerebrospinal fluid was increased to some degrees, and edema was obvious compared with surgery alone. All patients were treated and discharged. Forty-four patients were completely followed-up and the survival period was significantly longer. Within 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 3 years, there were 4 cases (9.1 %) of recurrence and no case of death, 14 cases (31.8 %) of recurrence and no case of death, 20 cases (45.5 %) of recurrence and 12 cases (27.6 %) of death and 29 cases (65.9 %) of recurrence and 20 cases(45.5 %) of death, respectively. No obviously adverse reactions were found and the quality of life was significantly improved. Conclusion Microsurgical total resection is the key of the treatment. It is an alternative treatment of human malignant gliomas in the safe and effective way that the local chemotherapy of intracerebral implantation of 5-Fu biodegradable polymers combined with local sensitivity radiotherapy of interstitial implantation of 125Ⅰ after microsurgical resection.