RESUMO
Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the fifth most common cancer worldwide. UroVysion FISH has high sensitivity and specificity for urothelial carcinoma detection. We investigated the genetic marker detected by the UroVysion FISH technique in diagnosis of Turkish bladder cancer patients and compared these results with the urine cytology and cystoscopy. Urine specimens were analyzed using UroVysion FISH probes for abnormalities in centromeric chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and locus-specific 9p21. Morning fresh voided urine samples were collected from each patient for FISH analysis. Cytology and histopathology analysis were performed by the pathology department. Twenty-seven bladder cancer patients (23 male and 4 female) with a history of bladder cancer who provided informed consent were included in this prospective study. The results showed that cancer was detected in 8 patients via FISH; 7 via cytology; 12 via cystoscopy. According to the pathology results, 15 were normal, 10 high-grade carcinoma and 2 low-grade carcinoma. Sensitivity of these methods with FISH, cytology, and cystoscopy was 29.6%, 25.9%, and 44.4%, respectively. In conclusion, all tests have different advantages and disadvantages. Also, larger studies will be needed to confirm these results. But, UroVysion FISH appeared to have good specificity for detecting bladder cancer in urine specimens and also it is important to correlate the FISH results with the cystoscopy and cytological findings.
RESUMO
Bladder cancer is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States, where the majority of tumors are transitional cell carcinoma. Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) gene is located at chromosome 10q25.3-q26.1. DMBT1 gene expression has yet to be investigated in patients with bladder cancer. Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a candidate tumor suppressor gene which is localized on the chromosome 1p36. RUNX3 gene expression in bladder carcinogenesis is particularly unknown. We aimed to evaluate DMBT1 and RUNX3 gene expression profiles in bladder cancer and how their expressions could be related to carcinogenesis in the bladder and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Fifty-six paraffin embedded specimens of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder were used. Total RNA was extracted from bladder specimens and cDNA was synthesized. The quantification of DMBT1 and RUNX3 mRNAs were succeeded according to the manufacturers' instructions by using RT-PCR. DMBT1 and RUNX3 gene expressions were identified in 100% of bladder carcinoma samples. No significant association was found in these genes expression levels when compared to sex and age. RUNX3 gene expression was decreased non-significantly in high-grade tumors. When DMBT1 gene expression was compared to tumor grades, a significant decrease was detected between grade I and III (P = 0.028). Disruption of expression in relation to tumor suppressors like DMBT1 and RUNX3 genes was associated with bladder cancer. Furthermore, detailed studies including these genes should be performed in protein levels and used more patient specimens in a large scale study.
Assuntos
Subunidade alfa 3 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/genética , Idoso , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio , Subunidade alfa 3 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologiaRESUMO
This study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of DMBT1 in bladder cancer and its correlation with clinico-pathological parameters analyzed in bladder carcinoma patients. We investigated DMBT1 in 56 paraffin embedded specimens of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. We assessed DMBT1 gene expression at mRNA level by RT-PCR. Our results show 100% expression of DMBT1 in bladder carcinoma samples. Due to this preliminary results; gene expression was compared to tumor grade, and a significant difference was detected between grade 1 and 3 (p = 0.028). The down-regulation of DMBT1 gene expression in carcinomas suggests the possible role in bladder cancer.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células de Transição/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Regulação para Baixo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologiaRESUMO
We aimed to examine the growth suppressive effects of quercetin on acute promyelocytic and lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia, and to find out whether the growth suppression is related to the blocking of telomerase enzyme activity. Cytotoxic effects of quercetin were shown by trypan blue analyses. Apoptotic effects of quercetin were examined by acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining by fluorescence microscopy. The effects of quercetin on telomerase enzyme activity were shown by hTERT Quantification Kit. Our results demonstrated that quercetin has antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute promyelocytic leukemia, and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. We also showed for the first time by this study that quercetin suppresses the activity of telomerase in ALL and CML cells. The results of this study show the importance of quercetin for its therapeutic potential in treatment of leukemias.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Leucemia/enzimologia , Quercetina/farmacologia , Telomerase/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Antioxidantes/toxicidade , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação Leucêmica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Células K562 , Leucemia/genética , Quercetina/toxicidade , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Telomerase/genéticaRESUMO
PURPOSE: CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester) is one of the most valuable and investigated component of propolis which is composed by honeybees. In the current study, we aimed at examining apoptotic effects of CAPE on CCRF-CEM leukemic cells and at determining the roles of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in cell death. METHODS: Trypan blue and XTT methods were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity. Apoptosis was examined by ELISA-based oligonucleotide and acridine orange/ethidium bromide dye techniques. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated using JC-1 dye by flow cytometric analysis and under fluorescent microscope. RESULTS: We detected the time- and dose-dependent increases in cytotoxic effect of CAPE on CCRF-CEM cells. ELISA and acridine orange/ethidium bromide results showed that apoptotic cell population increased significantly in CCRF-CEM cells exposed to increasing concentrations of CAPE. On the other hand, there was significant loss of MMP determined in response to CAPE in CCRF-CEM cells. CONCLUSION: This in vitro data by being supported with clinical data may open the way of the potential use of CAPE for the treatment of leukemia.