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1.
Korean J Parasitol ; 54(4): 423-9, 2016 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27658593

RESUMO

Cryptosporidium is an important pathogen causing gastrointestinal disease in snakes and is distributed worldwide. The main objectives of this study were to detect and identify Cryptosporidium species in captive snakes from exotic pet shops and snake farms in Thailand. In total, 165 fecal samples were examined from 8 snake species, boa constrictor (Boa constrictor constrictor), corn snake (Elaphe guttata), ball python (Python regius), milk snake (Lampropeltis triangulum), king snake (Lampropeltis getula), rock python (Python sebae), rainbow boa (Epicrates cenchria), and carpet python (Morelia spilota). Cryptosporidium oocysts were examined using the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-modified acid-fast staining and a molecular method based on nested-PCR, PCR-RFLP analysis, and sequencing amplification of the SSU rRNA gene. DMSO-modified acid-fast staining revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in 12 out of 165 (7.3%) samples, whereas PCR produced positive results in 40 (24.2%) samples. Molecular characterization indicated the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum (mouse genotype) as the most common species in 24 samples (60%) from 5 species of snake followed by Cryptosporidium serpentis in 9 samples (22.5%) from 2 species of snake and Cryptosporidium muris in 3 samples (7.5%) from P. regius.


Assuntos
Cryptosporidium/classificação , Cryptosporidium/isolamento & purificação , Animais de Estimação/parasitologia , Serpentes/parasitologia , Animais , Análise por Conglomerados , Cryptosporidium/citologia , Cryptosporidium/genética , DNA de Protozoário/química , DNA de Protozoário/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Fezes/parasitologia , Microscopia , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , RNA Ribossômico 18S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Tailândia
2.
Clin Infect Dis ; 62(8): 1002-1008, 2016 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26908809

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Trypanosomais a genus of unicellular parasitic flagellate protozoa.Trypanosoma bruceispecies and Trypanosoma cruziare the major agents of human trypanosomiasis; other Trypanosomaspecies can cause human disease, but are rare. In March 2015, a 38-year-old woman presented to a healthcare facility in southern Vietnam with fever, headache, and arthralgia. Microscopic examination of blood revealed infection with Trypanosoma METHODS: Microscopic observation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of blood samples, and serological testing were performed to identify the infecting species. The patient's blood was screened for the trypanocidal protein apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), and a field investigation was performed to identify the zoonotic source. RESULTS: PCR amplification and serological testing identified the infecting species as Trypanosoma evansi.Despite relapsing 6 weeks after completing amphotericin B therapy, the patient made a complete recovery after 5 weeks of suramin. The patient was found to have 2 wild-type APOL1 alleles and a normal serum APOL1 concentration. After responsive animal sampling in the presumed location of exposure, cattle and/or buffalo were determined to be the most likely source of the infection, with 14 of 30 (47%) animal blood samples testing PCR positive forT. evansi. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first laboratory-confirmed case ofT. evansiin a previously healthy individual without APOL1 deficiency, potentially contracted via a wound while butchering raw beef, and successfully treated with suramin. A linked epidemiological investigation revealed widespread and previously unidentified burden ofT. evansiin local cattle, highlighting the need for surveillance of this infection in animals and the possibility of further human cases.


Assuntos
Trypanosoma/isolamento & purificação , Tripanossomíase/diagnóstico , Tripanossomíase/parasitologia , Zoonoses/diagnóstico , Adulto , Animais , Apolipoproteína L1 , Apolipoproteínas/sangue , Apolipoproteínas/genética , Sudeste Asiático/epidemiologia , Sangue/parasitologia , Búfalos/parasitologia , Bovinos , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/diagnóstico , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/parasitologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/transmissão , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Lipoproteínas HDL/sangue , Lipoproteínas HDL/genética , Microscopia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Tripanossomicidas/uso terapêutico , Trypanosoma/classificação , Trypanosoma/ultraestrutura , Tripanossomíase/tratamento farmacológico , Tripanossomíase/transmissão , Vietnã/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/transmissão
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