WoundCareLog APP - A new application to record wound diagnosis and healing / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

The incidence of chronic wounds has been increasing over the past 20 years. However, the standardized diagnosis and treatment practice of chronic refractory wounds have not been established. In addition, the properties of the wound are characterized by morphology and thus correct description of the wound in medical history collection plays a vital role, which directly affects the definitive diagnosis. To develop more accurate format of clinical history record which can correctly reflect a patient's course and treatment progress, and to standardize the medical history record of chronic refractory wounds, at the national or regional level, we designed the WoundCareLog APP. It acts as a recording and communication tool for wound healing specialists at all levels of medical institutions in China. The WoundCareLog APP is fully compatible to meet the criteria and requirements of conventional medical records by embedding 9 modules. In addition, the demands for morphological description of wounds in wound healing diagnosis and treatment have been fulfilled by enroll of digital imaging technology to overcome the inadequacies of traditional medical history records.

Multicolor Photodetector of a Single Er(3+)-Doped CdS Nanoribbon.

Er(3+)-doped CdS nanoribbons (Er-CdS NRs) are synthesized by thermal evaporation and then characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), photoluminescence (PL), and absorption spectra. The Er-CdS NR photodetector is studied systematically, including spectral response, light intensity response, and photoconductance (G) versus temperature (T). It is found that Er-CdS NR has the ability of detecting multicolor light including blue, red, and near-infrared light with higher responsivity (R λ ) and external quantum efficiency (η). The conductance of Er-CdS NR under dark conditions decreases with increasing temperature in the range of 87-237 K, while its conductance increases with increasing temperature in the range of 237-297 K when T is larger than 237 K. These results indicated that ionized impurities and the intrinsic excitation are responsible for the conductance change of Er-CdS NR in the dark. The superior performance of the Er-CdS NR device offers an avenue to develop highly sensitive multicolor photodetector applications.

Hyperactivity of fibroblasts and functional regression of endothelial cells contribute to microvessel occlusion in hypertrophic scarring.

Hypertrophic scars (HSc) have an excess of microvessels, most of which are partially or totally occluded. The mechanisms underlying microvessel endothelial cell accumulation and microvessel occlusion are poorly understood. In this study, we observed the microvessels with H&E staining and electron microscopy, and detected the cytokine expression with immunochemistry. In addition, we isolated fibroblasts and endothelial cells from both human HSc tissue and normal skin and studied their cytokine expression. Furthermore, we assayed the endothelial cell proliferation when co-cultured with normal endothelial cells and blocked with anti-VEGF and anti-bFGF neutralizing. The results revealed that more endothelial cells in HSc microvessels and the cells were swollen. The cultured HSc fibroblasts secreted significantly more while HSc endothelial cells secreted significantly less cytokines, and the same trend was found with cytokines and collagen mRNAs, which was also confirmed by immunochemistry finding. In addition, endothelial cells proliferated faster when co-cultured with HSc fibroblasts, and reduced by anti-VEGF and anti-bFGF neutralizing. This is the first report regarding the function of endothelial cells in hypertrophic scars. The hyperactivity in cytokine secretion and collagen production is largely responsible for over-proliferation and functional regression of endothelial cells, and the malfunctioning of both cell types contributes to microvessel occlusion.

The effect of focal-adhesion micromanipulation in trauma and wound healing / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of focal-adhesion micromanipulation on the biological behavior of fibroblast.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Micro-pot was made by microcontact printing. The molecules of constitutive protein was adhered on micro-pot by self-assemble of peptides. Skin fibroblasts were cultured on the membrane by self-made biomechanical cell culture for 2 weeks. Morphology observation and cell immunohistochemistry analysis was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 2 weeks, the morphology of the fibroblasts was diverse and more compliant. Cell immunohistochemistry analysis found that the expression of integrinbeta1, alpha5 and tensin was dramatically reduced.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The morphology and the biological behaviour of the fibroblasts in hypertrophic scar can be changed after micromanipulation of focal adhesion.</p>

Study on the mechanism of scar formation: epidermis template defect theory / 中华烧伤杂志

Dermal defection and the degree of its loss determine the natural process of wound healing, which is the key reason leading to excess scar hyperplasia. The function of tri-dimensional structure in dermis acts as a template to regulate the properties of reparative cells. The template structure induces the reparative cells to grow into the structure which changes the skin mechanic status on wound area. Also, the component of extracellular matrix can affect behaviours of fibroblasts negatively or positively, for the reason that the structure of dermal tissue has a permissive effect on the dermal components in regulating behaviours of reparative cells. Therefore, the behaviors of cells depend on the structure of the template. The suitable tri-dimensional structure of dermis facilitates normal cell cycling. The more the structure of dermis closed to its physiological status, the better the biological behaviors of cells act. Moreover, the integrity as well as the continuity of dermal tissue is the prerequisite for serving as a template. The damage to the integrity and the continuity of dermal tissue may be one of the key reasons to lead abnormal tissue repair and scar formation. Thus, we hypothesize that the loss of dermal template may be one of the mechanism of abnormal scar formation and propose the theory of extracellular matrix framework deficiency or destruction.

Study on the biological function of vascular endothelial cells in the hypertrophic scar / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the biological function of vascular endothelial cells from hypertrophic scar, and to analyze the relationship between them.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The samples from human hypertrophic scar and normal skin tissue were harvested for histological examination. Then vascular endothelial cells were purified and isolated from the samples, and the level of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), endothelin1 (ET)-1, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined in a single cell with ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Few capillary vessels were observed in normal skin under microscope, while an increased number of them were present in hypertrophic scar, with slender, tortuous in morphology and even occluded. The diameter of blood capillary in hypertrophic scar was tiny under electron microscope, and the exfoliation of endothelial cells was observed. The levels of TGF-beta1, PDGF, ET-1, bFGF and VEGF from vascular endothelial cells from hypertrophic scar were 60 +/- 8, 30 +/- 4, 0.12 +/- 0.03, 52 +/- 5, 18.1 +/- 1.2 microg/cell, respectively, which were obviously lower than those in normal skin (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The biological function of vascular endothelial cells was attenuated in the hypertrophic scar, which mightbe the result of the production of large amounts of collagen in the scar tissue, as well as hypoxia.</p>

Influence of dermal template on the biomechanical compliance of wound tissue / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of dermal template on the biomechanical compliance of wound tissue during wound repair.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty-four SD rats subjected to full-thickness skin loss on the dorsum were enrolled in the study, and they were randomly divided into A (n = 6, without grafting on wound), B (n = 6, with full thickness skin grafting on wound), C (n = 6, with razor thin skin grafting on wound) and D [n = 6, with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and razor thin skin grafting on wound] groups. The tissue samples from the wounds were harvested 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 20 weeks after the operation. The biomechanical compliance of the wound was assessed by Instron biomechanics tensiometer. The expression of alpha-SMA in the dermal fibroblasts of each group was determined by immunohistochemistry (ABC) method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The biomechanical compliance of the wound in D group was higher than that in A and C groups (P < 0.05), but lower than that in B group during 4 to 20 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). The expression of alpha-SMA in D group (7.53 +/- 0.98)% was lower than that in A (26.99 +/- 2.90)% and C (2.18 +/- 2.79)% groups (P < 0.01), but higher than that in B group at 4 weeks after operation (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Dermal template might affect the scar formation during wound healing, in improving wound healing quality by enhancing the biomechanical compliance of wound tissue.</p>