In vivo transplantation of eye organoids and application of tissue engineering scaffolds / 器官移植

Eye organoid refers to a structure that possesses resembling cell types and functions to intraocular tissues, which is induced by stem cells in vitro. Transplanting it into the body for eye repair and regeneration is one of the key research directions in regenerative medicine, which also provides a novel direction and strategy for the treatment of major blinding diseases. As a carrier of biological tissue or cell growth, tissue engineering scaffold could support in vivo transplantation of eye organoids and promote their maturation. Organic combination of eye organoids and tissue engineering is a critical approach to realize in vivo integration of eye organoids and reconstruct corresponding structures and functions. In this review, the latest research status of eye organoids and in vivo transplantation were summarized, and relevant studies of tissue engineering scaffold-assisted eye organoid transplantation were highlighted, aiming to provide ideas and reference for subsequent inter-disciplinary research of eye organoids and tissue engineering.

Safety and efficacy of tirofiban in stent-assisted coil embolization in intracranial aneurysms / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of tirofiban in stent-assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms.Methods Totally 31 patients who were treated using stent-assisted coil embolization were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients were divided into aspirin combined clopidogrel group (double resistance group,n=18) and tirofiban group (n=13).Tirofiban was injected after the stent was semi-released or released completely.The patients were followed-up after operation to assess whether the patient had a new infarction,stent patency and aneurysm embolization effect.One day before operation and 3 days after operation,platelet count and activated thromboplastin time (APTT) were detected respectively.Score Glasgow (GOS) was used to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients and the operative complications were recorded.Results A total of 34 aneurysms were found in 31 patients,and 32 aneurysms were treated.Urinary tract hemorrhage was founded in 1 case and recurrent aneurysms were founded in 7 cases after embolization.None of the patients developed thrombocytopenia,retroperitoneal and gastrointestinal bleeding related to tirofiban administration.There were no postoperative cerebral infarction and thrombosis events.GOS of 27 cases were ≥4.Platelet count and APTT 1 day before and 3 days after operation had no statistically significance between two groups (both P＞0.05).Conclusion It is safe and effective for tirofiban in stent-assisted aneurysm embolization and can be used as an alternative to the dual resistance.

Endovascular embolization for the management of oronasal cavity hemorrhage / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in treating oronasal cavity hemorrhage,and to discuss the the occurrence and prevention of complications.Methods The clinical data of 121 patients with refractory and fatal oronasal cavity hemorrhage,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from December 2005 to October 2013 to receive treatment,were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 116 patients were treated with TAE,and these patients were followed up for 1-3 months to evaluate the embolization effect and the occurrence of procedure-related complications was analyzed.Results Of the 116 patients,complete control of bleeding after TAE was achieved in 96 (82.7％),rebleeding within one week after TAE was seen in 19 (16.4％) and the bleeding was controlled by medication,and in the remaining one (0.9％) re-bleeding occurred within one week after TAE and embolization therapy had to be carried out again.No obvious complications occurred in 77 patients (66.4％);maxillofacial pain and numbness,low fever,limitation of mouth opening and other mild complications were observed in 35 patients (30.1％);one patient (0.9％) developed facial skin necrosis and severe headache;and 3 patients (2.6％) showed stroke symptoms due to cerebral embolism.Conclusion For the treatment of refractory and fatal oronasal cavity hemorrhage,TAE can quickly and effectively achieve the purpose of hemostasis;careful selection of proper embolization material based on the the different causes of bleeding and the responsible blood vessels is the key to ensure a successful TAE.The common postoperative complications include postembolization syndrome,local ischemia,local necrosis caused by peripheral ischemia;the main serious complications are skin necrosis of maxillofacial region and cerebral infarction caused by ectopic embolization.

Hepatitis B virus reactivation in HBV DNA-negative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To evaluate risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with undetectable HBV DNA levels.Methods From August 2012 to Sepemter 2015,all patients who underwent TACE for HBV-related HCC with HBV DNA level less than 103 copies/ml in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled into the study.These patients were followed-up for at least 6 months after TACE to assess HBV reactivation.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to evaluate the risk factors related to HBV reactivation in these patients.Results With predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria,99 patients were enrolled into the study.Twenty-four patients (24.2％) developed HBV reactivation after TACE in the followed-up period.The level of transaminase was significantly higher in the HBV reactivation group than the non HBV reactivation group (P ＜ 0.05).HBeAg positivity and tumors more than 3 in number were independent risk factors of HBV reactivation.Conclusion HCC patients with undetectable levels of HBV DNA had a significant risk of HBV reactivation after TACE.

Assessment of posterior capsule penetrability by Pentacam Scheimpflug system / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication following cataract surgery.Establishing an objective morphological evaluation method of PCO is of important clinical significance for the prevention of PCO,but there are many problems in previous evaluating methods,and pentacam picture appears to be a useful method of assessing PCO.Recognizing the characters of different types of posterior capsule disorder and optimizing the evaluation details in tentacam picture are helpful for us to prevent and treat PCO.Objective This study was to investigate the characters of posterior capsule disorders with Pentacam tomograms.Methods Eightyfour eyes of 82 patients were included in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January to October in 2011.Slit-lamp photography and retroilluminated photography were captured after full mydriasis,and then the Pentacam imaging was performed by using 50-scan acquisition protocol,and high-resolution Pentacam tomograms were reconstructed and analyzed by Image J software.The features of the posterior capsule disorders in Pentacam tomogram were assessed,and the mean pixel-intensity at the central 4-mm diameter and 3-mm diameter was calculated and compared.The percentage of eyes being interfered by the anterior capsule in the two analyed areas was calculated.This study was approved by Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,and uritten informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any examination.Results The posterior capsular membranes were completely clear under the blue background in 30 eyes without posterior capsulaopathy on the Pentacam images.In 54 eyes of 52 patients with PCO,different intensities of gray patches were exhibited on the blue background in the elschnig-pearl-type PCO,and white-color nontransparence patches were seen in the fibrosis-type PCO.The mean pixel-intensity value (inter-quartile range) was 37.07 U and 38.65 U at the central 4-mm area and 3-mm area respectively,without significant difference between them (P=0.606).Capsular block syndrome was found in 3 eyes of 3 patients,showing even gray appearance on the Pentacam images and mean pixel-intensity of 12.40,15.68 and 36.77 U at the central 3-mm area.The gray strip-like appearance on the blue background was seen in 1 eye with capsular shrinkage,and the mean pixel-intensity was 48.34 U at the central 3-mm area.The examination outcomes of 14.81％ (8/54) eyes were disturbed by the anterior capsule in the central 4-mm analysis mode,but the outcomes were unaffected in central 3-mm analysis mode.Conclusions Different types of posterior capsule disorders appear particular scenery in Pentacam tomograms.There is no difference of mean pixel-intensity between the central 4-mm analysis mode and the central 3-mm analysis mode.A central 3-mm analysis mode is more available to justify the penetrability of the posterior capsule.

The role of microRNA -155,microRNA -222 and mitogen -activated protein kinase signaling pathway in ven-tricular septal defect / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of microRNA (miR)-155 and miR -222 in plasma of patients with ventricular septal defect(VSD),and to analyze the possible mechanism.Methods A total of 20 children with VSD who received treatment at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery from August 2012 to June 2013 were enrolled (the VSD group)and 15 patients with fracture (the control group).The plasma miR -155 and miR -222 expression levels were measured by real -time quantitative reverse transcription -polymerase chain reaction (RT -qPCR).The potential target genes of miR -155 and miR -222 were predicted by using 3 current-ly available prediction programs,including TargetScan,mirbase and Miranda,and the signaling pathway of miRNA was predicted by Pathway -express analysis.Results Compared with the control group,the expression levels of miR -155 (P =0.033)and miR -222(P <0.001)in the VSD group decreased significantly;miR -155 and miR -222 predic-ted target genes included 74 and 50,respectively.The Pathway -express analysis indicated that 7 signaling pathways played important roles in the occurrence of fetal VSD,including signaling pathways for heart development,such as:mito-gen -activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.Conclusions The expression levels of plasma miR -155 and miR -222 in VSD were significantly decreased.The target genes were related to signaling pathways for heart deve-lopment (MAPK signaling pathway),which indicates that miR -155 and miR -222 may be involved in the pathological process of VSD,and may serve as an independent evaluation indicator for the diagnosis of VSD.

Characteristics of Th17 cells in peripheral blood in paediatric patients with chronic hepatitis B / 中国综合临床

Objective To study the characteristics of Th17 cells frequency and the relationship with clinical characters in paediatric patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods Forty-five paediatric patients with chronic hepatitis B within 16-year old from December 2010 to February 2014 in Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital were enrolled in present study,and 11 age-matched healthy children were enrolled as control group.Hepatitis B virus markers(HBV-M),HBV-DNA loads and alanine amino shift enzyme(ALT) levels in serum were detected in the two groups.The frequencies of Thl7 cells in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.Tumor grade was classed in Children with liver tissue.Results Compared with the control group ((1.61 ± 0.56) ％),the Th17 cells frequencies in peripheral blood ((3.03 ± 1.08) ％) were significantly increased in chronic hepatitis B paediatric patients(t=-0.52,P＜0.01).There was no correlations between Th17 cells frequencies with HBV DNA quantity(lg(HBV-DNA)6.49±3.25) and ALT level((40.5±11.3) U/L) (P ＞0.05).The patients with higher HAI scores (G2-G3) had a greater proportion of Th17 cells ((5.95 ±2.05)％) than those with lower HAI scores(G0-G1) ((1.31±0.19)％),and the difference was significant(t =-1.51,P＜0.01).Conclusion Th17 cells frequencies in peripheral blood were associated closely with liver injury in paediatric patients with CHB.

Effect and apoptosis of percutaneous intratumoral injection with 188Re labeled stannic sulfur colloid on VX2 liver tumor in rabbits / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rabbit VX2 liver tumor model by percutaneous intratumoral injection with 188Re labeled stannic sulfur colloid.Methods The VX2 liver tumor model was established in 45 rabbits,which were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n =15) according to material used in intratumoral injections,as follows:0.1 ml normal saline (Group A,control group),absolute ethanol 1ml (Group B),37MBq (1mCi) 188Re labeled stannic sulfur colloid 0.1 ml (Group C).Five rabbits from each group were killed at intervals of 1,4 and 7d after injection and the volume of tumors were measured.Meanwhile,the histopathological changes and extent of cell apoptosis were evaluated.ALT and urea levels before the operation and at intervals of 1,4,7d post injection were also detected.Results In the first day after the injection,there was no significant statistical heterogeneity of the tumor volumes between each group.At 4th day post injection,tumor volumes of group A [(1 873.1 ± 77.3) mm3] showed significant statistical heterogeneity with group B [(905.7 ± 113.3) mm3] and C [(860.2 ± 59.6) mm3] (P ＜0.01),while there were no obvious statistical significance between group B and group C (P =0.421).At 7th day post injection,there were marked statistical significance of tumor volumes between A,B and C groups[respectively,(4093.1 ± 126.5)mm3,[(2569.5 ±64.6)mm3 and (2 169.6 ± 141.9)mm3](P＜0.01).At any time after injection,the apoptosis index (AI) of peritumoral tissue in group B and C was higher than control group with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.001).At 4th day post injection,AI of group C remained higher than group B (P ＜ 0.05).At 7th day,AI of group C progressively decreased,and there were no statistical difference between group B and group C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Percutaneous intratumoral injection of 188Re labeled stannic sulfur colloid is a safety and effective approach to the treatment of VX2 liver tumor in rabbits.

Clinical observation of blue-light-filtering intraocular lenses implantation on treating patients with diabetes cataract / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore therapeutic efficacy of blue-light-filtering intraocular lenses implantation on treating patients with diabetes cataract , and provide a more comfortable choice after phacoemulsification ( PHACO) and intraocularlens ( IOL) implan-tation.Methods A total of 100 cases (100 eyes) of patients with diabetes cataract was collected , and was randomly divided into group I ( n =50, implanted ordinary intraocular lenses ) and group II ( n =50, implanted blue-light-filtering intraocular lenses).Af-ter surgery, the best-corrected vision and postoperative complications were reported .The subjective visual performance was evaluated by questionnaire .Results At 1 week and 1 month after surgery , the best-corrected vision had no significant differences between two groups ( P >0.05 ) .Early complication after surgery was not significantly different between two groups ( P >0.05 ) .The subjective visual performance in the blue-light-filtering intraocular lenses group was significantly better than that in the ordinary intraocular lenses group ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusions When the blood sugar is controlled in certain level , it is possible for the blue-light-filtering in-traocular lenses to provide a better choice for patients with diabetes cataract .

Endovascular treatment for ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid：clinical analysis of 23 ;patients / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular embolization in treating ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid. Methods During the period from July 2008 to August 2013, a total of 23 patients with ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid were admitted to authors’ hospital to receive endovascular embolization. According to Hunt-Hess classification, grade I lesion was seen in 11 cases, grade Ⅱ in 10 cases and grade Ⅲ in 2 cases. The aneurysm diameter ranged from 2.2 mm to 19.9 mm, with a mean diameter of 5.7 mm. After the treatment follow-up examinations with DSA, MRA and modified Rankin scale were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic results. Results A total of 27 ophthalmic segment aneurysms were detected in 23 patients. Endovascular embolization was performed with guglielmi detachable coils (n = 15) or solitaire AB stent-assisted coil (n = 12). The therapeutic results immediately after the embolization were graded by Raymond classification. Complete obliteration (Grade I) was obtained in 22 aneurysms, residual neck (grade Ⅱ) in 4 aneurysms and residual aneurysm (grade Ⅲ) in one aneurysm. Procedure-related complications occurred in 3 patients, including thrombosis in the aneurysm neck (n=1), tail of the coil protruding into the stent (n=1) and transient blindness (n=1). Eighteen patients were followed up for 2 - 62 months. Follow- up examinations with angiography showed that complete embolization of the aneurysm was obtained in 15 cases (84%) and subtotal embolization of the aneurysm was seen in 3 cases (16%). In one patient who had bilateral aneurysms, the aneurysm on the untreated side was enlarged with increasing time. During the follow-up period, 18 patients had a modified Rankin score of 0 -1, and all these patients had stable clinical condition with no newly-developed neurological dysfunction or re-bleeding. Conclusion For the treatment of ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid, endovascular embolization is minimally-invasive, safe and effective, although its long-term effect and safety need to be further studied.

Biodistribution of 188Re-labeled stannic sulfur colloid in rabbit orthotopic liver cancer model by intratumoral injection / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To study the biodistribution of 188Re-labeled stannic sulfur colloid in rabbit orthotopic VX2 liver cancer model by intratumoral injection and to evaluate its potential for endoradiotherapy.Methods 188Re-labeled stannic sulfur colloid was prepared with direct labeling method.The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity were measured.Twelve rabbits xenografted by orthotopic VX2 liver cancer were used to determine the biodistribution of 188Re-labeled stannic sulfur colloid.Under CT guidance,37 MBq (0.1 ml) 188Relabeled stannic sulfur colloid was injected directly into the center of the tumor.Four rabbits were sacrificed after gamma imaging at 1,24,48 h post injection.The organ uptake was calculated as ％ID/g,the absorbed dose and T/NT ratio were calculated.One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.Results The labeling efficiency of 188 Re-labeled stannic sulfur colloid was (98.23±0.25)％.The radiochemical purity was (94.23±0.54) ％ at 48 h.The radioactivity essentially accumulated in the tumor area and remained trapped up to 48 h.The radioactivity in other organs was at background level.The T/NT ratios were 88.22± 11.57,32.87±9.13 and 31.65± 10.11 at 1,24 and 48 h post injection respectively,with the corresponding tumor uptakes of (43.318±11.931) ％ID/g,(39.875±9.290) ％ID/g and (37.761±6.849) ％ID/g,which were much higher than those in normal tissues (F=77.350,97.577,417.072,all P＜0.01).Radiation dose to the tumor was (88.12 ± 12.21) Gy.Conclusions 188 Re-labeled stannic sulfur colloid may have a stable distribution at the site of orthotopic VX2 liver cancer after intratumoral injection.Thus it may have potential for the endoradiotherapy of liver cancer.

Expression of RUNX3 in cervical carcinoma and its clinical significance / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE To explore the role of runt-related transcription factor 3(RUNX3) in the tumorgenesis and progression of cervical carcinoma. METHODS The immunohistochemical staining technique was used to detect the expression of RUNX3 protein in 25 cases of normal cervix, 34 intraepithelia neoplasia (CIN), and 48 cervical carcinomas. SYBR Green I chimeric fluorescence Real-time PCR was applied to detect the expression of RUNX3 mRNA in 10 cases of normal cervix, 24 CIN, and 30 cervical carcinomas. RESULTS The expressions of RUNX3 protein and mRNA in normal cervix, CINI,CINII-III, and cervical carcinoma tissues tended to be down-regulated. There was significant difference among these groups (P 0.05). CONCLUSION RUNX3 may function as a tumor suppressor gene in the occurrence and progression of cervical carcinoma.

Experimental and clinical characteristics in myelodysplastic syndrome patients with or without HLA-DR15 allele.

We studied the effects of the presence of the HLA-DR15 allele on the experimental and clinical features of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by assessing the clinical data of 136 patients with MDS. We observed that the frequency of HLA-DR15 expression in MDS patients (38.7%) was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls (p < 0.01). We noted the following observations with regard to disease progression: None of the 46 HLA-DR15 positive patients with international prognostic scoring system (IPSS) scores or=1.5 and the presence of >or=5% blasts in the bone marrow in the DR15-positive patients were lower than the corresponding findings in the DR15-negative patients. In addition, we also recorded the following observations with regard to bone marrow (BM) failure: The bicytopenia/pancytopenia ratio in the DR15-positive patients was higher than that in the DR15-negative patients (92.4 vs. 78.3%; p = 0.029). The peripheral-neutrophil count and the platelet count in the DR15-positive patients were lower than those in the DR15-negative patients (p = 0.028 and p = 0.011, respectively). Moreover, hypocellularity was more easily detectable in the DR15-positive patients (26.4 vs. 16.9%). In addition, the BM CD4+ lymphocyte count and the CD4/CD8 ratio in the DR15-positive patients were higher than the corresponding values in the DR15-negative patients (p < 0.05 for both). However, there were no significant differences between the polarization of T-helper (T(h)) and T-cytotoxic (T(c)) cells and the cytokine levels in these two patient groups. We concluded that the presence of the HLA-DR15 allele is indicative of a genetic susceptibility to MDS and, the presence of the HLA-DR15 allele showed less association with disease progression and greater association with BM failure.

Reversion of resistance to cisplatin induced by MG132 in cervical cancer cell HCE1 multicellular spheroid / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway inhibitor MG132 on the natural resistance to cisplatin in the human cervical cancer line (HCE1) muhicellular spheroid (HCE1/MCS) model and to probe it if MG132 could reverse the HCE1/MCS resistance to cisplatin, as well as the possible mechanism of drug resistance.Methods (1) HCE1/MCS was obtained using liquid overlay and rotating technique.(2)Four groups were established (MG132 group, cisplatin group, MG132 + cisplatin group, the control group).Cell viability were measured by trypan blue exclusion assay.Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.(3) The expression of nuclear factor (NF) kB of both HCE1 monolayer cells (HCEI/MC) and HCE1/MCS was detected by western blot, and the expression of B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (bcl-2) was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results (1) HCE1/MCS was established successfully.(2) Cell inhibited rate of HCE1/MC and HCE1/MCS was: in MG132 group, (11.67 ± 2.34) % vs (10.78 ± 1.17) % (P > 0.05) ; in MG132 + cisplatin group, (92.67 ± 2.52)% vs (91.33 ±2.18)% (P>0.05); in cisplatin group, (45.01±7.44)% vs (9.45±5.98)% (P<0.05).(3)The rate of apoptosis of HCE1/MC and HCE1/MCS were: in MG132 group, 8.14% and 5.97% ; in MG132 + cisplatin group, 99.01% and 95.22% ; in cisplatin group, 33.61% and 0.88%.(4)The expression level of NF-kB and the high expression rate of bcl-2 were: in HCE1/MCS of control group, 0.67 and 60% ; in HCE1/MCS of cisplatin group, 0.85 and 83% ; in HCE1/MCS of MG132 group, 0.39 and 20% ; in HCE1/MCS of MG132 + cisplatin group, 0.47 and 33%.Conclusions (1) HCE1/ MCS present natural resistance to cisplatin and may become a good model for the study of cervical cancer drug resistance in vitro.(2) MG132 could induce the inhibition and apoptosis of HCE1/MCS cells and partially reverse the natural resistance of HCE1/MCS to cisplatin, of which partially reverse the natural resistance may be in relation to the down-regulation of NF-kB and bcl-2 expression.

Diagnosis of unknown nonhematological tumors by bone marrow biopsy: a retrospective analysis of 10,112 samples.

PURPOSE: To investigate how unselected bone marrow (BM) biopsy examinations could help in the diagnosis of clinically unknown nonhematological tumors. METHODS: 10,112 plastic-embedded BM biopsy sections were retrospectively analyzed. In the analysis we focused on the following aspects: (1) the frequency of BM involvement arising from clinically unknown nonhematological malignancies, (2) the clinical indication for BM biopsy examination in cases with tumor BM metastasis, (3) the primary sites of the metastatic tumors, and (4) the advantage of plastic-embedded biopsy sections over paraffin-embedded samples and the complementarity of biopsy with aspiration smears. RESULTS: Of the 10,112 BM samples analyzed, 101 (1.0%) were interpreted as being nonhematological tumor metastases. In cases with metastatic tumors, the nonhemocyte-related changes, such as skeletal pain (25%) and bone destruction (5%), were considerably higher than in those without metastasis (3.7 and 0.32%, respectively; P < 0.001). Primary lesions were documented antemortem in 50 of the 101 biopsy-positive cases (49.5%); the most frequent being in the lung, gastric tract, and breast. Using this assay, a higher incidence of metastatic tumors was detected when compared with previously reported paraffin-embedded samples. The frequency of metastatic tumors based on aspiration smears when the positive results for biopsy sections were used as a reference was 74.3%. All the 101 sections with metastatic tumors showed various degrees of myelofibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the routine BM biopsy examination is helpful in detecting insidious metastatic nonhematological malignancies. Skeletal pain and bone destruction are critical indications for susceptible patients to undergo BM examination. Plastic embedding of biopsy sections appears to be more sensitive than the paraffin embedding of samples and is an excellent complementation to isolated aspiration smears.

The establishment of VX2 hepatic carcinoma model in rabbits and the observation of its growing and metastatic characteristics / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To establish VX2 hepatic carcinoma model in rabbits by implanting the tumor fragment into the liver through percutaneous puncture under ultrasound guidance and to observe its growing and metastatic characteristics, to determine the optimal time for interventional experiment study with the model. Methods Inoculation of VX2 carcinoma fragment was performed in 28 New Zealand white rabbits. PET/CT and ultrasonography (US) examinations were carried out in the second, third and forth week after the inoculation, and each time two tumor-bearing rabbits were sacrificed for pathologic study. Results The successful rate of model establishment was 89.28% (25/28). On PET or CT scans, single lesion in the liver was demonstrated in 25 rabbits. Two, three and four weeks after the inoculation, the maximum diameter of the tumor was (4.82±0.80) mm, (16.05±2.89) mm and (30.08±5.38) mm respectively, while the metastasis rates was 0% (0/25), 13.04% (3/23), 76.19% (16/21) respectively. No significant necrosis was found in the second week after inoculation, only tiny coagulation necrosis was revealed in the third week, and massive necrosis was seen in the forth week. Conclusion Percutaneous inoculation of the tumor fragment into the liver under ultrasonographic guidance is a simple method to establish VX2 hepatic carcinoma in rabbits with a high successful rate. The third week after inoculation is the suitable time for making interventional experiment study.

Rabbit models of cerebral vasospasm established with endovascular puncture / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the method of endovascular puncture to establish rabbit models of cerebral vasospasm. Methods New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 5 groups (12 h,1 d,2 d,3 d and 7 d) randomly, and each group was separated into subarachinoid hemorrhage (SAH) subgroup (n = 5) and control subgroup (n = 2). cerebral vascular spasm (CVS) models were established atfer SAH with endovascular puncture. CT scans before and after operation were performed. The internal diameters and the wall thicknesses of posterior communicans artery (PcoA) and basilar artery (BA) were measured with HE stain after the animals were executed. Results CVS model was successfully eastblished in 35 rabbits (SAH subgroup 25,control subgroup 10), resulting a successful rate of 48.61% . Compared with control subgroup, PcoA and BA showed shrinkage of internal diameters of 43.60% and 51.82% 12 h after SAH, respectively, and the shrinkage appeared as biphasic patterns until the 7th study day with another peaks of 29.32% and 45.19%, respectively. Conclusions Endovascular puncture is an effective method to establish rabbit of CVS. The death rate of animals can be decreased with the asage of new interventional material and perfection for the details of operation.

The different embolic agents of intervention therapy for emergency splanchnic hemorrhage / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the interventional management in emergency splanchnic bleeding and the application value.Methods 27 patients with emergency splanchnic bleeding underwent the interventional management in our hospital from May of 2003 to January of 2006 were reviewed.The sites and causes of the splanchnic hemorrhage were verified through selective DSA,using different methods and materials for percutaneous transarterial embolization.Results No bleedings recurred in all 27 patients within 18 months after the treatment.3 patients of advanced hepatic carcinoma died in 6 months because of non-splanchnic bleeding etiology.Conclusions Selective angiography is a veracious way to detect the location and cause of emergency splanchnic hemorrhage.The choice of different selective arterial embolizations and embolic materials can effectively and promptly cease the bleeding with rescuing the patients.

The appilication of detachable balloon embolization in carotid cavernous fistula / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To study the clinical appilication of detachable balloon embolization techenique in carotid cavernous fistula. Methods 27 cases consisted of 26 cases of typical TCCF and 1 case of CCF caused by left anterio cerebral artery(A1) aneurysm ruptured . 27 cases were treated by endovascular embolization with detachable balloon. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound(TCD) was used before and after embolization.All the patients were followed-up for more than 6 months. Results 22 cases of TCCF were cured by detachable embolization and their internal carotid artery(ICA) remained patent. The first segement of left anteriol cerebral artery was embolized by two detachable balloons in the patient with CCF caused by ruptured aneurysm. Internal carotid artery was embolized by two balloons in 4 cases. There was no severe complication in this group. Conclusions Detachable balloon embolization is a safe and effective method for internal carotid cavernous fistula.