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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16903419

RESUMO

Stem cells have been targeted to many organ systems specifically to replace scarred organs and to rejuvenate diseased organs. Even though our understanding of the versatility of stem cells is slowly unraveling, tracking these cells as they enter the body has become a very important field of study. In this chapter, we review various modalities for imaging stem cells and assess the advantages and shortcomings of each technique.


Assuntos
Linhagem da Célula , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Técnicas de Sonda Molecular , Células-Tronco/citologia , Animais , Diagnóstico por Imagem/instrumentação , Humanos
2.
Gene Ther ; 13(18): 1320-7, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16708077

RESUMO

Gelatin hydrogel microspheres (GHMs) have been reported as novel non-viral vectors for gene or protein delivery (GHM therapy). However, the components of an effective catheter-based delivery strategy for GHM therapy are unknown. We evaluated the effectiveness of three catheter-based strategies for cardiac GHM therapy: (1) antegrade injection (AI) via coronary arteries; (2) retrograde injection (RI) via coronary veins; and (3) direct myocardial injection (DI) via the coronary sinus. AI distributed microspheres homogeneously throughout the target area with 73+/-11% retention. RI scattered microspheres non-homogenously with 22+/-8% retention. DI distributed microspheres in the needle-advanced area with 47+/-14% retention. However, despite high efficiency, AI did not show biological effects of inducing angiogenesis from basic fibroblast growth factor bound to GHMs. Furthermore, focal micro-infarctions, owing to micro-embolism of aggregated GHMs into small coronary arterioles, were detected in the AI group. Conversely, only RI and DI groups displayed increased coronary flow reserve. DI groups also demonstrated increased capillary density. These results suggest that RI and DI are effective for cardiac GHM therapy, while AI appears inappropriate owing to the risk of focal infarctions.


Assuntos
Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/administração & dosagem , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Animais , Cateterismo , Circulação Coronária , Vasos Coronários , Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Gelatina , Terapia Genética/métodos , Hidrogel de Polietilenoglicol-Dimetacrilato , Injeções/efeitos adversos , Injeções/métodos , Microesferas , Modelos Animais , Infarto do Miocárdio/etiologia , Neovascularização Fisiológica , Proteínas Recombinantes/administração & dosagem , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional , Transplante de Células-Tronco/métodos , Suínos
3.
Neuroreport ; 8(1): 19-23, 1996 Dec 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9051745

RESUMO

Functional areas were detected with short stimuli eliciting transient brain activity using the method of 'transient' regions of interest (ROIs) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This method was validated by comparing the results with sustainedly activated areas identified conventionally. Eighty-eight and 89% of the total areas of transient ROIs derived from 0.2 and 2 s stimulation, respectively, were identified at 5-7 s and 5-9 s, respectively, after stimulus onset. Eighty-eight and 76%, respectively, of these areas overlapped 'conventional' ROIs derived from 20 s stimulation. These results suggest that the delineation of transient ROIs, by targeting a period approximately 7 s after transient neural activity, can be useful for fMRI studies of cognitive functions.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/fisiologia , Adulto , Angiografia Cerebral , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Estimulação Luminosa , Córtex Visual/anatomia & histologia , Córtex Visual/fisiologia
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