RESUMO
Quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) have gained attention as potential display technologies. However, the solvents used to dissolve a polymeric hole transport layer (HTL) are hazardous to both humans and the environment. Additionally, intermixing the HTL and QD layers presents a significant challenge when fabricating inverted QD-LEDs. Here, a green solvent selection procedure to achieve good device performance and environmental safety in QD-LEDs is established. This procedure utilizes Hansen solubility parameters and surface roughness to identify a set of solvents that do not lower the device performance by avoiding interlayer mixing or a rough interface. The CHEM21 solvent selection guide is used to screen for environmentally hazardous solvents. Finally, cyclopentanone (CPO) is selected as the optimal HTL solvent from among 16 candidates. Using CPO improves the maximum luminescence by ≈1.6 times and the maximum current efficiency by ≈12.6 times, compared to that of conventional devices using hazardous chlorobenzene. Solvent selection is critical for the fabrication of green and high-performance inverted QD-LEDs, particularly for large display panels that require n-type oxide thin-film transistors.
RESUMO
Quantum-dot (QDs) polymer composite films, which are key components in recent display applications, require improved photoluminescence (PL) intensity and color conversion efficiency for better display quality and low power consumption. In this study, we developed a novel approach to improve the photoluminescence (PL) of quantum dot (QDs)-polymer nanocomposite films. This was achieved by incorporating CO2 micropores and scattering particles into QD-embedded photopolymerizable polymer films. CO2 micropores were generated by the decomposition of KHCO3 in the film. The CO2 micropores, along with the partially decomposed KHCO3 microparticles, act as a scattering medium that increases the photon absorbance and improves the PL intensity. The effect of KHCO3 annealing temperature on various optical properties is investigated, and it is found that a large number of uniform micropores are created in the film at an optimal temperature, 110 â. Compared to an ordinary QD-polymer film, the PL of the QD-hybrid-foamed polymer film increases by 4.2 times. This method is fast and economically efficient, and provides insights into the design of high-performance optoelectronic devices.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate whether extracellular-vesicle-incorporated microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for cancer-related stroke. METHODS: This cohort study compared patients with active cancer who had embolic stroke of unknown sources (cancer-stroke group) with patients with only cancer, patients with only stroke, and healthy individuals (control groups). The expression profiles of miRNAs encapsulated in plasma exosomes and microvesicles were evaluated using microarray and validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The XENO-QTM miRNA assay technology was used to determine the absolute copy numbers of individual miRNAs in an external validation cohort. RESULTS: This study recruited 220 patients, of which 45 had cancer-stroke, 76 were healthy controls, 39 were cancer controls, and 60 were stroke controls. Three miRNAs (miR-205-5p, miR-645, and miR-646) were specifically incorporated into microvesicles in patients with cancer-related stroke, cancer controls, and stroke controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of these three miRNAs were 0.7692-0.8510 for the differentiation of patients with cancer-stroke from cancer-controls and 0.8077-0.8846 for the differentiation of patients with cancer-stroke from stroke controls. The levels of several miRNAs were elevated in the plasma exosomes of patients with cancer, but were lower than those in plasma microvesicles. An in vivo study showed that systemic injection of miR-205-5p promoted the development of arterial thrombosis and elevation of D-dimer levels. CONCLUSION: Stroke due to cancer-related coagulopathy was associated with deregulated expression of miRNAs, particularly microvesicle-incorporated miR-205-5p, miR-645, and miR-646. Further prospective studies of extracellular-vesicle-incorporated miRNAs are required to confirm the diagnostic role of miRNAs in patients with stroke and to screen the roles of miRNAs in patients with cancer.
