RESUMO
Norovirus infections were detected in 114 of 762 children with acute gastroenteritis in South Korea from November 2005 to November 2006. Seasonality peaks in December, March, and October were also assessed in this study. We identified seven noroviral genotypes (GI-6, GII-2, GII-3, GII-4, GII-5, GII-6, and GII-8) and a C1-120 strain showing low identity (79.3%) with GII-13 and GII-17.
Assuntos
Infecções por Caliciviridae/epidemiologia , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Molecular , Norovirus/classificação , Norovirus/genética , Doença Aguda , Infecções por Caliciviridae/virologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Gastroenterite/virologia , Humanos , Coreia (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Norovirus/isolamento & purificação , Filogenia , Estações do Ano , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Baculovirus pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (Bac-VSV-G) was found to efficiently transduce and express transgenes on mammalian cells. In this study, this recombinant virus was used for induction of anti-tumor immunity against murine telomerase reverse transcriptase (mTERT) and was compared with RNA-electroporated dendritic cells (DCs) in a murine glioma model. Splenocytes from the mice vaccinated with Bac-VSV-G expressing mTERT (Bac-VSVG-mTERT) showed significantly increased numbers of mTERT-specific IFN-gamma-secreting T cells using an ELISPOT technique, and also showed increased NK cell activity. In addition, the TERT-specific T cells activated by Bac-VSVG-mTERT and mTERT RNA-electroporated DCs were predominantly CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, respectively. The protective anti-tumor effect of Bac-VSVG-mTERT was similar to that of mTERT RNA-electroporated DCs. These results suggest that the pseudotype baculovirus expressing TERT may be a good candidate for a genetic vaccine for use in the treatment of malignant gliomas.
Assuntos
Baculoviridae/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Glioma/imunologia , Telomerase/administração & dosagem , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem Celular , Primers do DNA , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Eletroporação , Feminino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Spodoptera , Telomerase/genéticaRESUMO
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process of sequence-specific gene silencing, which is initiated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). RNAi may also serve as an antiviral system in vertebrates. This study describes the inhibition of herpesvirus-6B (HHV-6B) replication by short interference RNAs (siRNAs) that are targeted to the U38 sequence that encodes DNA polymerase. When virus-infected SupT1 cells were treated by siRNA, these cells blocked the cytopathic effect (CPE) and detected the HHV-6B antibody-negative in indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA). Our result suggests that RNAi can efficiently block Herpesvirus-6B replication.
Assuntos
Herpesvirus Humano 6/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , RNA Viral/metabolismo , Replicação Viral , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Células Cultivadas , Herpesvirus Humano 6/fisiologia , Humanos , RNA de Cadeia Dupla/metabolismo , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Linfócitos T/citologia , Linfócitos T/fisiologiaRESUMO
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein transduction domain (PTD), which contains rich arginine and lysine residues, is responsible for the highly efficient transduction of protein through the plasma membrane. In addition, it can be secreted from infected cells and has the ability to enter neighboring cells. When the PTD of Tat is fused to proteins and exogenously added to cells, the fusion protein can cross plasma membranes. Recent reports indicate that the endogenously expressed Tat fusion protein can demonstrate biodistribution of several proteins. However, intercellular transport and protein transduction have not been observed in some studies. Therefore, this study examined the intercellular transport and protein transduction of the Tat protein. The results showed no evidence of intercellular transport (biodistribution) in a cell culture. Instead, the Tat fusion peptides were found to have a significant effect on the transduction and intercellular localization properties. This suggests that the HIV-1 PTD passes through the plasma membrane in one direction.
