Nesfatin-1 ameliorates pathological abnormalities in Drosophila hTau model of Alzheimer's disease.

In human Alzheimer's disease (AD), the aggregation of tau protein is considered a significant hallmark, along with amyloid-beta. The formation of neurofibrillary tangles due to aberrant phosphorylation of tau disrupts microtubule stability, leading to neuronal toxicity, dysfunction, and subsequent cell death. Nesfatin-1 is a neuropeptide primarily known for regulating appetite and energy homeostasis. However, the function of Nesfatin-1 in a neuroprotective role has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of Nesfatin-1 on tau pathology using the Drosophila model system. Our findings demonstrate that Nesfatin-1 effectively mitigates the pathological phenotypes observed in Drosophila human Tau overexpression models. Nesfatin-1 overexpression rescued the neurodegenerative phenotypes in the adult fly's eye and bristle. Additionally, Nesfatin-1 improved locomotive behavior, neuromuscular junction formation, and lifespan in the hTau AD model. Moreover, Nesfatin-1 controls tauopathy by reducing the protein level of hTau. Overall, this research highlights the potential therapeutic applications of Nesfatin-1 in ameliorating the pathological features associated with Alzheimer's disease.

3-Fucosyllactose-mediated modulation of immune response against virus infection.

Viral pathogens, particularly influenza and SARS-CoV-2, pose a significant global health challenge. Given the immunomodulatory properties of human milk oligosaccharides, in particular 2'-fucosyllactose and 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), we investigated their dietary supplementation effects on antiviral responses in mouse models. This study revealed distinct immune modulations induced by 3-FL. RNA-sequencing data showed that 3-FL increased the expression of interferon receptors, such as Interferon Alpha and Beta Receptor (IFNAR) and Interferon Gamma Receptor (IFNGR), while simultaneously downregulating interferons and interferon-stimulated genes, an effect not observed with 2'-fucosyllactose supplementation. Such modulation enhanced antiviral responses in both cell culture and animal models while attenuating pre-emptive inflammatory responses. Nitric oxide concentrations in 3-FL-supplemented A549 cells and mouse lung tissues were elevated exclusively upon infection, reaching 5.8- and 1.9-fold increases over control groups, respectively. In addition, 3-FL promoted leukocyte infiltration into the site of infection upon viral challenge. 3-FL supplementation provided protective efficacy against lethal influenza challenge in mice. The demonstrated antiviral efficacy spanned multiple influenza strains and extended to SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, 3-FL is a unique immunomodulator that helps protect the host from viral infection while suppressing inflammation prior to infection.

Thermochromic Vanadium Dioxide Nanostructures for Smart Windows and Radiative Cooling.

The pursuit of energy-saving materials and technologies has garnered significant attention for their pivotal role in mitigating both energy consumption and carbon emissions. In particular, thermochromic windows in buildings offer energy-saving potential by adjusting the transmittance of solar irradiation in response to temperature changes. Radiative cooling (RC), radiating thermal heat from an object surface to the cold outer space, also offers a potential way for cooling without energy consumption. Accordingly, smart window and RC technologies based on thermochromic materials can play a crucial role in improving energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption in buildings in response to the surrounding temperature. Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a promising thermochromic material for energy-saving smart windows and RC due to its reversible metal-to-insulator transition, accompanying large changes in its optical properties. This review provides a brief summary of synthesis methods of VO2 nanostructures based on nanoparticles and thin films. Moreover, this review emphasizes and summarizes modulation strategies focusing on doping, thermal processing, and structure manipulation to improve and regulate the thermochromic and emissivity performance of VO2 for smart window and RC applications. In last, the challenges and recent advances of VO2-based smart window and RC applications are briefly presented.

NUCB1 is required for proper insulin signaling to control longevity in Drosophila.

AIM: We examined the novel role of NUCB1(Nucleobindin-1) associated with longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. METHODS: We measured the lifespan, metabolic phenotypes, and mRNA levels of Drosophila insulin-like peptides (Dilps), the protein level of phosphorylated AKT, and the localization of FOXO and its target gene expressions in the NUCB1 knockdown condition. RESULTS: NUCB1 knockdown flies show an extended lifespan and metabolic phenotypes such as increased circulating glucose level and starvation resistance. The mRNA expression levels of Dilps and the protein level of phosphorylated AKT, a downstream component of insulin signaling, were decreased in NUCB1 knockdown flies compared with the control flies. Also, the nuclear localization of FOXO and its target gene expressions, such as d4E-BP and InR, were elevated. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that NUCB1 knockdown flies exhibits an extended lifespan. These findings suggest that NUCB1 modulates longevity through insulin signaling in Drosophila. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 486-492.

De novo biosynthesis of 2'-fucosyllactose by bioengineered Corynebacterium glutamicum.

2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) which is well-known human milk oligosaccharide was biotechnologically synthesized using engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum, a GRAS microbial workhorse. By construction of the complete de novo pathway for GDP-L-fucose supply and heterologous expression of Escherichia coli lactose permease and Helicobacter pylori α-1,2-fucosyltransferase, bioengineered C. glutamicum BCGW_TL successfully biosynthesized 0.25 g L-1 2'-FL from glucose. The additional genetic perturbations including the expression of a putative 2'-FL exporter and disruption of the chromosomal pfkA gene allowed C. glutamicum BCGW_cTTLEΔP to produce 2.5 g L-1 2'-FL batchwise. Finally, optimized fed-batch cultivation of the BCGW_cTTLEΔP using glucose, fructose, and lactose resulted in 21.5 g L-1 2'-FL production with a productivity of 0.12 g L-1 •h, which were more than 3.3 times higher value relative to the batch culture of the BCGW_TL. Conclusively, it would be a groundwork to adopt C. glutamicum for biotechnological production of other food additives including human milk oligosaccharides.

Integrated Logic Circuits Based on Wafer-Scale 2D-MoS2 FETs Using Buried-Gate Structures.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) materials, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), stand out due to their atomically thin layered structure and exceptional electrical properties. Consequently, they could potentially become one of the main materials for future integrated high-performance logic circuits. However, the local back-gate-based MoS2 transistors on a silicon substrate can lead to the degradation of electrical characteristics. This degradation is caused by the abnormal effect of gate sidewalls, leading to non-uniform field controllability. Therefore, the buried-gate-based MoS2 transistors where the gate electrodes are embedded into the silicon substrate are fabricated. The several device parameters such as field-effect mobility, on/off current ratio, and breakdown voltage of gate dielectric are dramatically enhanced by field-effect mobility (from 0.166 to 1.08 cm2/V·s), on/off current ratio (from 4.90 × 105 to 1.52 × 107), and breakdown voltage (from 15.73 to 27.48 V) compared with a local back-gate-based MoS2 transistor, respectively. Integrated logic circuits, including inverters, NAND, NOR, AND, and OR gates, were successfully fabricated by 2-inch wafer-scale through the integration of a buried-gate MoS2 transistor array.

Monolithic Integration of Semi-Transparent and Flexible Integrated Image Sensor Array with a-IGZO Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs) and p-i-n Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Photodiodes.

A novel approach to fabricating a transparent and flexible one-transistor-one-diode (1T-1D) image sensor array on a flexible colorless polyimide (CPI) film substrate is successfully demonstrated with laser lift-off (LLO) techniques. Leveraging transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes and amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) channel-based thin-film transistor (TFT) backplanes, vertically stacked p-i-n hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) photodiodes (PDs) utilizing a low-temperature (<90 °C) deposition process are integrated with a densely packed 14 × 14 pixel array. The low-temperature-processed a-Si:H photodiodes show reasonable performance with responsivity and detectivity for 31.43 mA/W and 3.0 × 1010 Jones (biased at -1 V) at a wavelength of 470 nm, respectively. The good mechanical durability and robustness of the flexible image sensor arrays enable them to be attached to a curved surface with bending radii of 20, 15, 10, and 5 mm and 1000 bending cycles, respectively. These studies show the significant promise of utilizing highly flexible and rollable active-matrix technology for the purpose of dynamically sensing optical signals in spatial applications.

Nanostructured Vanadium Dioxide Materials for Optical Sensing Applications.

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is one of the strongly correlated materials exhibiting a reversible insulator-metal phase transition accompanied by a structural transition from a low-temperature monoclinic phase to high-temperature rutile phase near room temperature. Due to the dramatic change in electrical resistance and optical transmittance of VO2, it has attracted considerable attention towards the electronic and optical device applications, such as switching devices, memory devices, memristors, smart windows, sensors, actuators, etc. The present review provides an overview of several methods for the synthesis of nanostructured VO2, such as solution-based chemical approaches (sol-gel process and hydrothermal synthesis) and gas or vapor phase synthesis techniques (pulsed laser deposition, sputtering method, and chemical vapor deposition). This review also presents stoichiometry, strain, and doping engineering as modulation strategies of physical properties for nanostructured VO2. In particular, this review describes ultraviolet-visible-near infrared photodetectors, optical switches, and color modulators as optical sensing applications associated with nanostructured VO2 materials. Finally, current research trends and perspectives are also discussed.

Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of the Human Milk Oligosaccharide, 2'-Fucosyllactose, Exerted via Modulation of M2 Microglial Activation in a Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Cerebral ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), a human milk oligosaccharide, exerts anti-inflammatory effects and plays a protective role in arterial thrombosis; however, its role in ischemic stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of 2'-FL and its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Neurological score and behavior tests revealed that 2'-FL promoted the recovery of neurological deficits and motor function in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice, and that 2'FL led to a reduction in the size of cerebral infarct. Biochemical studies showed that administration of 2'-FL led to a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related products in the brain of MCAO mice. 2'-FL upregulated IL-10 and downregulated TNF-α level. In addition, 2'-FL enhanced M2-type microglial polarization and upregulated CD206 expression at 7 days after MCAO. At 3 days after MCAO, 2'-FL increased IL-4 levels and activated STAT6. Our data show that 2'-FL reduced the neurological symptoms of ischemic stroke and ROS accumulation in the brain through IL-4/STAT6-dependent M2-type microglial polarization in MCAO mice. These results demonstrate that 2'-FL is a potentially effective therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.

2'-Fucosyllactose and 3-Fucosyllactose Alleviates Interleukin-6-Induced Barrier Dysfunction and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Modulating the Intestinal Microbiome.

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with relapsing and remitting patterns, and it is caused by varied factors, such as the intestinal inflammation extent and duration. We examined the preventative effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) on epithelial barrier integrity and intestinal inflammation in an interleukin (IL)-6-induced cell model and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute mouse colitis model. HMOs including 2'-fucosyllactose (FL) and 3-FL and positive controls including fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and 5-acetylsalicylic acid (5-ASA) were orally administrated once per day to C57BL/6J mice with colitis induced by 5% DSS in the administered drinking water. 2'-FL and 3-FL did not affect the cell viability in Caco-2 cells. Meanwhile, these agents reversed IL-6-reduced intestinal barrier function in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, 2'-FL and 3-FL reversed the body weight loss and the remarkably short colon lengths in DSS-induced acute colitis mice. Moreover, 2'-FL and 3-FL obviously protected the decreasing expression of zonula occluden-1 and occludin in colon tissue relative to the findings in the DSS-treated control group. 2'-FL and 3-FL significantly reduced IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in serum relative to the control findings. The summary of these results shows that HMOs prevent colitis mainly by enhancing intestinal barrier function and advancing anti-inflammatory responses. Therefore, HMOs might suppress inflammatory responses and represent candidate treatments for IBD that protect intestinal integrity.

A Bioinspired Ultra Flexible Artificial van der Waals 2D-MoS2 Channel/LiSiOx Solid Electrolyte Synapse Arrays via Laser-Lift Off Process for Wearable Adaptive Neuromorphic Computing.

Wearable electronic devices with next-generation biocompatible, mechanical, ultraflexible, and portable sensors are a fast-growing technology. Hardware systems enabling artificial neural networks while consuming low power and processing massive in situ personal data are essential for adaptive wearable neuromorphic edging computing. Herein, the development of an ultraflexible artificial-synaptic array device with concrete-mechanical cyclic endurance consisting of a novel heterostructure with an all-solid-state 2D MoS2 channel and LiSiOx (lithium silicate) is demonstrated. Enabled by the sequential fabrication process of all layers, by excluding the transfer process, artificial van der Waals devices combined with the 2D-MoS2 channel and LiSiOx solid electrolyte exhibit excellent neuromorphic synaptic characteristics with a nonlinearity of 0.55 and asymmetry ratio of 0.22. Based on the excellent flexibility of colorless polyimide substrates and thin-layered structures, the fabricated flexible neuromorphic synaptic devices exhibit superior long-term potentiation and long-term depression cyclic endurance performance, even when bent over 700 times or on curved surfaces with a diameter of 10 mm. Thus, a high classification accuracy of 95% is achieved without any noticeable performance degradation in the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology. These results are promising for the development of personalized wearable artificial neural systems in the future.

Modulation of Switching Characteristics in a Single VO2 Nanobeam with Interfacial Strain via the Interconnection of Multiple Nanoscale Channels.

We demonstrate the modulation of electrical switching properties through the interconnection of multiple nanoscale channels (∼600 nm) in a single VO2 nanobeam with a coexisting metal-insulator (M-I) domain configuration during phase transition. The Raman scattering characteristics of the synthesized VO2 nanobeams provide evidence that substrate-induced interfacial strain can be inhomogeneously distributed along the length of the nanobeam. Interestingly, the nanoscale VO2 devices with the same channel length and width exhibit distinct differences in hysteric current-voltage characteristics, which are explained by theoretical calculations of resistance change combined with Joule heating simulations of the nanoscale VO2 channels. The observed results can be attributed to the difference in the spatial distribution and fraction ratios of M-I domains due to interfacial strain in the nanoscale VO2 channels during the metal-insulator transition process. Moreover, we demonstrate the electrically activated resistive switching characteristics based on the hysteresis behaviors of the interconnected nanoscale channels, implying the possibility of manipulating multiple resistive states. Our results may offer insights into the nanoscale engineering of correlated phases in VO2 as the key materials of neuromorphic computing for which nonlinear conductance is essential.

The analysis of 2'-fucosyllactose concentration in Korean maternal milk using LC-MS/MS.

Despite health benefits reported recently, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) concentration in maternal milk was not conclusively reported because it varies between countries and mothers. Particularly, its distribution among Korean mothers was not obtained from a reliable sample group yet. Thus, a dynamic range for 2'-FL concentration in Korean mothers' milk was investigated from 102 samples. A quantitative method using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) by triple-quadrupole-mass spectrometry has been evaluated by a standard procedure of method validation. The 2'-FL concentration was in the range of 0.4 to 2.6 g/L overall. While the samples from secretor mothers (n = 80) contained 1.0 to 2.8 g/L of 2'-FL, the maternal milk from non-secretor mothers (n = 22) had 0.01 to 0.06 g/L of 2'-FL only. In addition to the genetic variation of mothers, the lactation period impacted the 2'-FL concentration. The average 2'-FL concentration of the late-stage group (> 60 days) was 78% of that obtained from the first month of postpartum mothers. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01154-4.

Flexible Sensory Systems: Structural Approaches.

Biology is characterized by smooth, elastic, and nonplanar surfaces; as a consequence, soft electronics that enable interfacing with nonplanar surfaces allow applications that could not be achieved with the rigid and integrated circuits that exist today. Here, we review the latest examples of technologies and methods that can replace elasticity through a structural approach; these approaches can modify mechanical properties, thereby improving performance, while maintaining the existing material integrity. Furthermore, an overview of the recent progress in wave/wrinkle, stretchable interconnect, origami/kirigami, crack, nano/micro, and textile structures is provided. Finally, potential applications and expected developments in soft electronics are discussed.

Plasmonic Core-Shell-Satellites with Abundant Electromagnetic Hotspots for Highly Sensitive and Reproducible SERS Detection.

In this work, we develop a Ag@Al2O3@Ag plasmonic core-shell-satellite (PCSS) to achieve highly sensitive and reproducible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of probe molecules. To fabricate PCSS nanostructures, we employ a simple hierarchical dewetting process of Ag films coupled with an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method for the Al2O3 shell. Compared to bare Ag nanoparticles, several advantages of fabricating PCSS nanostructures are discovered, including high surface roughness, high density of nanogaps between Ag core and Ag satellites, and nanogaps between adjacent Ag satellites. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations of the PCSS nanostructure confirm an enhancement in the electromagnetic field intensity (hotspots) in the nanogap between the Ag core and the satellite generated by the Al2O3 shell, due to the strong core-satellite plasmonic coupling. The as-prepared PCSS-based SERS substrate demonstrates an enhancement factor (EF) of 1.7 × 107 and relative standard deviation (RSD) of ~7%, endowing our SERS platform with highly sensitive and reproducible detection of R6G molecules. We think that this method provides a simple approach for the fabrication of PCSS by a solid-state technique and a basis for developing a highly SERS-active substrate for practical applications.

Human Milk Oligosaccharide 2'-Fucosyllactose Induces Neuroprotection from Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) occurs when brain blood vessels rupture, causing inflammation and cell death. 2-Fucosyllactose (2FL), a human milk oligosaccharide, has potent antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effect of 2FL in cellular and rodent models of ICH. Hemin was added to a primary rat cortical neuronal and BV2 microglia coculture to simulate ICH in vitro. IBA1 and MAP2 immunoreactivities were used to determine inflammation and neuronal survival. Hemin significantly increased IBA1, while it reduced MAP2 immunoreactivity. 2FL significantly antagonized both responses. The protective effect of 2FL was next examined in a rat ICH model. Intracerebral administration of type VII collagenase reduced open-field locomotor activity. Early post-treatment with 2FL significantly improved locomotor activity. Brain tissues were collected for immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR analysis. 2FL reduced IBA1 and CD4 immunoreactivity in the lesioned striatum. 2FL downregulated the expression of ER stress markers (PERK and CHOP), while it upregulated M2 macrophage markers (CD206 and TGFß) in the lesioned brain. Taken together, our data support that 2FL has a neuroprotective effect against ICH through the inhibition of neuroinflammation and ER stress. 2FL may have clinical implications for the treatment of ICH.

Enhanced Ultraviolet Photoresponse Characteristics of Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide Photo-Thin-Film Transistors Enabled by Surface Functionalization of Biomaterials for Real-Time Ultraviolet Monitoring.

Indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) is one of the most promising materials for diverse optoelectronic applications based on thin-film transistors (TFTs) including ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors. In particular, the monitoring of UV-A (320-400 nm) exposure is very useful for healthcare applications because it can be used to prevent various human skin and eye-related diseases. However, the relatively weak optical absorption in the UV-A range and the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) arising from the oxygen vacancy-related states of IGZO thin films limit efficient UV monitoring. In this paper, we report the enhancement of the UV photoresponse characteristics of IGZO photo-TFTs by the surface functionalization of biomolecules on an IGZO channel. The biomaterial/IGZO interface plays a crucial role in enhancing UV-A absorption and suppressing PPC under negative gate bias, resulting in not only increased photoresponsivity and specific detectivity but also a fast and repeatable UV photoresponse. In addition, turning off the device without external bias completely eliminates PPC due to the internal electric field induced by the surface functionalization of biomaterials. Such a volatile feature of PPC enables the fast and repeatable UV photoresponse. These results suggest the potential of IGZO photo-TFTs combined with biomaterials for real-time UV monitoring.

Focused Patterning of Electrospun Nanofibers Using a Dielectric Guide Structure.

The patterning of electrospun fibers is a key technology applicable to various fields. This study reports a novel focused patterning method for electrospun nanofibers that uses a cylindrical dielectric guide. The finite elements method (FEM) was used to analyze the electric field focusing phenomenon and ground its explanation in established theory. The horizontal and vertical electric field strengths in the simulation are shown to be key factors in determining the spatial distribution of nanofibers. The experimental results demonstrate a relationship between the size of the cylindrical dielectric guide and that of the electrospun area accumulated in the collector. By concentrating the electric field, we were able to fabricate a pattern of less than 6 mm. The demonstration of continuous line and square patterning shows that the electrospun area can be well controlled. This novel patterning method can be used in a variety of applications, such as sensors, biomedical devices, batteries, and composites.

Phase Transition-Induced Temperature-Dependent Phonon Shifts in Molybdenum Disulfide Monolayers Interfaced with a Vanadium Dioxide Film.

We report the optical phonon shifts induced by phase transition effects of vanadium dioxide (VO2) in monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) when interfacing with a VO2 film showing a metal-insulator transition coupled with structural phase transition (SPT). To this end, the monolayer MoS2 directly synthesized on a SiO2/Si substrate by chemical vapor deposition was first transferred onto a VO2/c-Al2O3 substrate in which the VO2 film was prepared by a sputtering method. We compared the MoS2 interfaced with the VO2 film with the as-synthesized MoS2 by using Raman spectroscopy. The temperature-dependent Raman scattering characteristics exhibited the distinct phonon behaviors of the E2g1 and A1g modes in the monolayer MoS2. Specifically, for the as-synthesized MoS2, there were no Raman shifts for each mode, but the enhancement in the Raman intensities of E2g1 and A1g modes was clearly observed with increasing temperature, which could be interpreted by the significant contribution of the interface optical interference effect. In contrast, the red-shifts of both the E2g1 and A1g modes for the MoS2 transferred onto VO2 were clearly observed across the phase transition of VO2, which could be explained in terms of the in-plane tensile strain effect induced by the SPT and the enhancement of electron-phonon interactions due to an increased electron density at the MoS2/VO2 interface through the electronic phase transition. This study provides further insights into the influence of interfacial hybridization for the heterogeneous integration of 2D transition-metal dichalcogenides and strongly correlated materials.

Novel Simultaneous Decompression Through Single-stage Mini-thoracotomy for Concurrent Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament and Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum at the Same Thoracic Level: A Technical Report and Literature Review.

STUDY DESIGN: Technical case report. OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel technique of decompression through single-stage mini-thoracotomy for removing concurrent ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) at the same thoracic level simultaneously. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level is not common. Because these conditions lead to severe thoracic myelopathy, however, they require surgical decompression.To date, several cases with concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level and surgical methods to treat these conditions have been described. However, no consensus on the surgical methods for the treatment these conditions has been established and these surgical methods have been also reported to be linked with the incidence of complication like neurological deterioration and the requirement of bone grafting and instrumentation. METHODS: Three consecutive patients who presented with thoracic myelopathy caused by concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level were treated by our novel surgical technique of decompression through single-stage mini-thoracotomy. RESULTS: Simultaneous complete removal of OPLL and OLF through single-stage mini-thoracotomy was performed successfully in the three patients. All patients' preoperative symptoms gradually improved during the follow-up period, and no additional complications were associated with removal of OLF through thoracotomy. And there was no kyphotic change or instability in the thoracic spine after more than a year of follow-up although both bone grafting and instrumentation were not performed. CONCLUSION: This novel surgical technique is considered to be able to be a safe and effective alternative to the conventional treatment of selective cases of thoracic myelopathy caused by concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level.Level of Evidence: 4.