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1.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 272: 116057, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38335574

RESUMO

A surge in the number of anthropogenic pollutants has been caused by increasing industrial activities. Nanoplastics are spotlighted as a new aquatic pollutant that are a threat to microbes and larger organisms. Our previous study showed that the subinhibitory concentrations of aquatic pollutants such as phenol and formalin act as signaling molecules and modulate global gene expression and metabolism. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of a new type of anthropogenic contaminant, polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics, on the expression of key virulence factors in zoonotic pathogen Edwardsiella piscicida and the assessment of potential changes in the susceptibility of zebrafish as a model host. The TEM data indicated a noticeable change in the cell membrane indicating that PS particles were possibly entering the bacterial cells. Transcriptome analyses performed to identify the differentially expressed genes upon PS exposure revealed that the genes involved in major virulence factor type VI secretion system (T6SS) were down-regulated. However, the expression of T6SS-related genes was recovered from the PS adapted E. piscicida when nanoplastics are free. This demonstrated the hypervirulence of pathogen in infection assays with both cell lines and in vivo zebrafish model. Therefore, this study provides experimental evidence elucidating the direct regulatory impact of nanoplastics influx into aquatic ecosystems on fish pathogenic bacteria, notably influencing the expression of virulence factors.


Assuntos
Edwardsiella , Poluentes Ambientais , Doenças dos Peixes , Animais , Virulência/genética , Peixe-Zebra/genética , Peixe-Zebra/metabolismo , Microplásticos/toxicidade , Poliestirenos/toxicidade , Ecossistema , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Expressão Gênica , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo
2.
J AAPOS ; 20(6): 550-552.e1, 2016 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27815190

RESUMO

Isolated bilateral absence of the inferior rectus muscle is a rare congenital anomaly. The usual presentation of this disorder involves apparent ocular deviations and abnormal head posture from an early age. A 45-year-old woman presented with a bilateral ptosis and lower scleral show. She had a limitation of infraduction in both eyes but was orthophoric in the primary position and had a normal head posture. Ocular motility testing and imaging confirmed a diagnosis of bilateral absence of the inferior rectus muscle; the ptosis was assumed to be a pseudoptosis. The inferior half of the horizontal rectus muscles was transposed inferiorly in both eyes. Postoperatively there was marked improvement of the bilateral ptosis and lower scleral show.


Assuntos
Blefaroptose/diagnóstico , Músculos Oculomotores/patologia , Blefaroptose/terapia , Movimentos Oculares , Feminino , Cabeça , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Postura
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