[Effectiveness of drinking plan and drinking diary in intervention program (HAPPY program) for heavy drinkers].

We examined the effectiveness of a drinking plan (goal setting), and a drinking diary (self monitoring), in the intervention program (HAPPY program), for heavy drinkers in the workplace. 115 people participated, and 80 people were evaluated three months later and 31 people were evaluated one year later. We classified the drinking plans in the limitation of the quantity, non-drinking days, and the device of low risk drinking model. 75 people made the drinking diary for 12 weeks after brief intervention and studied three months later and 31 people were analyzed one year later. We evaluated on heavy drinking days of 28 days, and non-drinking days of 28 days and standard drinks of 7 days. The limitation of the quantity model is effective for low risk drinking. The non-drinking day model is easily achieved, but not effective for low risk drinking. The device of low risk drinking model improved drinking habits for a long-term. The drinking diary for 12 weeks after intervention improved drinking habits for a long-term. The drinking plan (goal setting), and drinking diary (self monitoring), in intervention program for heavy drinkers were effective for prevention of lifestyle-related disease and alcoholism.

[Brief intervention for smoking, problem drinking and drug abuse by high school students].

Adolescent smoking, drinking and illegal drug abuse (drug-related problems) in Japan were treated as a legal model in the second prevention area. This study showed the necessity and usefulness of early intervention concerning adolescent drug-related problems as adolescent mental health problems. First, school nurses were asked if they were consulted about drug-related problems by students. Many school nurses in junior and senior high schools were consulted about drug-related problems by students, and they emphasized the need for counseling systems for drug-related problems by professionals. The second part of the study involved brief interventions by the authors in high school students with a high risk of drug-related problems. The authors went to three high schools and conducted brief interventions on students who had drug-related problems and sought advice. We prepared several screening tests for assessment of drug-related problems, such as the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Adolescent Alcohol Involvement Scale (AAIS). Quantity-Frequency Scale (QF Scale). Core Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Core AUDIT), CAGE and Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (DAST-20). In the brief interventions, the authors assessed drug-related problems of students using these scales and advised them how to revolve such problems two or three times. Twenty-two students accepted brief interventions. All of them smoked, 62% of them showed problem drinking and 33% illegal drug use. At 6 months after the brief interventions, 16 out of 21 students reported their drug-related problems. Nineteen percent of them had reduced smoking, 67% of them decreased drinking and one half of them decreased their use of illegal drugs. Results of this study revealed the necessity and the usefulness of the brief intervention for high school students with drug-related problems.