RESUMO
Speech features were perceptually analyzed in two groups of children. The first group (n = 6) had undergone cerebellar tumor resection, and the second group (n = 6) included children with brainstem tumors. Children belonging to the first group became dysarthric after a postoperative mute phase. Slow speech rate was a specific feature, but scanning speech and irregular articulatory breakdown (i.e., prominent characteristics in adult ataxic dysarthria) were not observed. In the second group, hypernasality was a prominent characteristic and resembled flaccid dysarthria in adults. These findings suggest that acquired childhood dysarthria needs a proper classification.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Tronco Encefálico , Cerebelo , Disartria/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Adolescente , Transtornos da Articulação/classificação , Transtornos da Articulação/etiologia , Transtornos da Articulação/fisiopatologia , Tronco Encefálico/fisiopatologia , Tronco Encefálico/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cerebelares/cirurgia , Cerebelo/fisiopatologia , Cerebelo/cirurgia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Disartria/classificação , Disartria/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/classificação , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Medida da Produção da Fala , Fatores de Tempo , Qualidade da VozRESUMO
The adult classification of dysarthria correlating with the pathophysiology of the motor systems is usually applied to classify acquired childhood dysarthria. However, the validity of this adult model for children has not been studied systematically. All studies pertaining to analysis of speech features in acquired childhood dysarthria published since 1980 were reviewed. Studies were classified on the basis of neuroradiologic evidence of lesion site and associated motor disorder. This review demonstrates that knowledge of acquired childhood dysarthria is based on a limited number of single case studies, most of which pertain to dysarthria occurring after resection of cerebellar tumor. Definite similarities to adult dysarthria were not evident. Some similarity to acquired childhood dysarthria due to basal ganglia lesions was detected. We conclude that acquired childhood dysarthria requires its own classification.
Assuntos
Disartria/etiologia , Adolescente , Gânglios da Base/patologia , Tronco Encefálico/patologia , Cerebelo/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Disartria/patologia , Humanos , Desempenho Psicomotor/fisiologiaRESUMO
We analyzed the dysarthria of four children with bilateral supranuclear facial palsy and four with bilateral peripheral facial palsy. The children with peripheral lesions had only moderate dysarthria, characterized mainly by weakened vowels and consonants and by hypernasality. In contrast, children with supranuclear lesions were anarthric at first, followed by severe dysarthria with reduced stress and many pauses. Although there was a relation between severity of dysarthria and neurologic disorders, anarthria can be seen in children with bilateral supranuclear lesions and only slight neurologic disability. Damage to cortical or brainstem control mechanisms may be responsible.
