Sulforaphene suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis of COV362 cells in endometrioid ovarian cancer.

Aim: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation exerts a regulatory effect on endometrioid ovarian cancer (EOC), but the specific m6A regulator genes in EOC remain to be explored. This study investigated that sulforaphene (Sul) is implicated in EOC development by regulating methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3). Methods: The dysregulated m6A RNA methylation genes in EOC were determined by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP-seq) and RNA sequencing. The roles of METTL3 and/or Sul on viability, proliferative ability, cell cycle, and apoptosis of EOC cells were determined by MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, and TUNEL staining assay, respectively. The expression of METTL3 and apoptosis-related proteins in EOC cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays. Results: Five m6A RNA methylation regulators (METTL3, ELF3, IGF2BP2, FTO, and METTL14) were differentially expressed in EOC, among which METTL3 had the highest expression level. Silencing METTL3 reduced the clonal expansion and viability of EOC cells, and caused the cells to arrest in the G0/G1 phase. This also promoted apoptosis in the EOC cells and activated the FAS/FADD and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. In contrast, overexpressing METTL3 had the opposite effect. Sul, in a dose-dependent manner, reduced the viability of EOC cells but promoted their apoptosis. Sul also increased the levels of IGF2BP2 and FAS, while decreasing the levels of KRT8 and METTL3. Furthermore, Sul was able to reverse the effects of METTL3 overexpression on EOC cells. Conclusions: Sul could suppress cell proliferation and promote apoptosis of EOC cells by inhibiting the METTL3 to activate the FAS/FADD and apoptosis-associated pathways.

Association between Prestored Smartphone Monitored Physical Activity and the Risk of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: This study was to determine the prevalence of HPV in non-vaccinated women from East China, and the association between prestored smartphone monitored physical activity and the risk of human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection and cervical cancer. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of unvaccinated women received first-time cervical HPV screening in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences between March 2018 and December 2019. HPV genotyping was examined by the GenoArray. Physical activity defined by any movements at speeds of 0.5-2 m/s was obtained from smartphones. We collected prestored physical activity data for 6 months prior to the HPV screening. Logistic regression models were applied to determine the association between physical activity and the risk of HPV infection and cervical cancer. RESULTS: A total of 11,730 women were initially included. Women with cervical cancer had significantly higher prevalence of infection with any high-risk (HR) HPV, or with individual HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58. Among them, 896 controls and 289 cervical cancer women had information of smartphone monitored physical activity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that more daily physical activity time (or distance) was a protective factor for infection with any HR HPV, or infection with HPV16, but not other individual HPVs. Increased age, less physical activity time (or distance), and infection with any HR HPV (16, 18, 31, 52 and 58) were associated with a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer. In contrast, obesity was not associated with risk of HPV infection and cervical cancer. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of HPV infection in unvaccinated women highlights the importance of prevention. More daily physical activity time (or distance) may help to reduce the risk of HPV infection and cervical cancer. Smartphone monitoring is an effective tool for recording physical activity.
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Heat maps present the spatial distribution of human papillomavirus infection in Zhejiang Province, China.

Determining the spatial distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) and performing accurate public health analyses helps to distinguish areas of healthcare that require further research, and enables therapeutic techniques and approaches in healthcare to be focused more accurately. A total of 4,560 women were enrolled in the present study. Flow-through hybridization and gene chip assays were used to detect the genotypes of HPV infection. Heat maps were then generated to present the spatial distribution of HPV infections in Zhejiang Province according to genotype. Of the exfoliated cervical cell samples from the 4,560 women, HPV was detected in 1,886 samples. HPV-16, -58, -52 and -18 were the most prevalently identified genotypes in the population included in the present study. HPV-16 and -58 infections were mainly distributed in the northern and central regions of Zhejiang Province, such as in Hangzhou and Shaoxing, where the prevalence was higher than that in the southern regions (P<0.05). HPV-18 infection was widespread throughout Zhejiang Province, but had a much lower infection rate in Ningbo and Huzhou (P<0.05). High infection rates of HPV-52 were mainly detected in Hangzhou and the eastern coastal areas of Wenzhou, with a relatively low rate of infection in the center of the province (P<0.05). In conclusion, HPV-16, -58, -52 and -18 were the four most prevalent HPV genotypes observed in Zhejiang Province. Heat maps were created to display the spatial distribution of HPV infection according to genotype, which varied by geographical regions. The results indicate that for individuals in Ningbo or Wenzhou, bivalent or quadrivalent vaccines may be suitable, but for those in Hangzhou and Shaoxing, nonavalent vaccines are strongly recommended.

Mucinous cystic neoplasm of the liver: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Mucinous cystic neoplasm of the liver (MCN-L) is a cyst-forming epithelial neoplasm. The most distinguishing feature is the ovarian-type subepithelial stroma on pathological examination. CASE SUMMARY: An abdominal ultrasound incidentally revealed a liver tumor in a 32-year-old woman. Physical and laboratory examination results did not reveal any abnormalities. Enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a cystic space measuring 7.2 cm × 5.4 cm in the liver. Subsequent CT showed an increase in tumor size. Thus, we performed surgical resection of the tumor and gallbladder. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of MCN-L. At the 6-mo of follow-up, no recurrence was observed on ultrasound or CT. CONCLUSION: Since preoperative diagnosis of MCN-L is difficult, active surgery is recommended and helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of MCN-L.

[Feasibility of unilateral or bilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy in patients with cervical cancer and evaluation of the post-surgery recovery of the bladder and rectal function].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of unilateral or bilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy and evaluate the recovery of bladder and bowel function postoperatively. METHODS: From August 2008 to October 2009, sixty-one patients with cervical cancer stage Ib1 to IIa underwent radical hysterectomy (33 cases) and nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (28 cases). Unilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was performed in 10 patients, and bilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (BNS) was performed in 18 patients. The data of operation time, blood loss, postoperative hospital stay days, residual urine volume, and postoperative complications were collected. The postoperative recovery of bladder and bowel function was evaluated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH) and radical hysterectomy (RH) groups in operation time [NSRH: (224.5 ± 40.0) min, RH: (176.4 ± 30.0 min)], blood loss [NSRH: (464.3 ± 144.0) ml, RH: (374.2 ± 138.7) ml], postoperative hospital stay days [NSRH: (8.4 ± 2.0) d, RH: (9.2 ± 1.8) d, and residual urine volume [NSRH: (64.8 ± 16.9) ml, RH: (70.6 ± 16.0) ml]. There were also no significant differences between UNSRH and BNSRH groups in operation time [UNSRH: (208.5 ± 28.5) min, BNSRH: (233.3 ± 43.1) min], blood loss [UNSRH: (440.0 ± 104.9) ml, BNSRH: (477.8 ± 162.90) ml], postoperative hospital stay days [UNSRH: 9.1 ± 1.8) d, BNSRH: (8.7 ± 2.1 d], and the residual urine volume [UNSRH: (68.3 ± 12.5) ml, BNSRH: (62.8 ± 20.0) ml]. There was a significant difference in the time of the Foley catheter removal between NSRH [(12.4 ± 5.2) d] and RH [(22.4 ± 9.7) d] groups. There was a significant difference in the time of the Foley catheter removal between UNSRH [(18.2 ± 3.6) d] and BNSRH [(9.1 ± 2.0) d] groups. During the postoperative 3 weeks follow-up, the patients in the NSRH group had a higher rate of satisfaction at urination and defecation (100%, 75%) than the RH group (54.5%, 24.2%). CONCLUSION: UNSRH and BNSRH are safe and feasible techniques for early stage cervical cancer, and may significantly improve the recovery of bladder and rectal function.

[Clinical analysis of 13 cases with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis, high risk factors, clinical characteristics, methods of diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). METHODS: The clinical data of thirteen cases of VAIN treated in Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Hospital dated Mar. 2002 through Dec. 2008 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Twelve of 13 VAIN cases were performed the human papillomavirus (HPV) detection with 92% (11/12) HPV positive rate. None of the cases shown specific clinical manifestation. Among the 13 cases, 6 of them accompanied with cervical cancer, 4 cases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and 3 cases with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasma (VIN). Five cases synchronously diagnosed with cervical lesion and 3 with vulva lesion were underwent surgery, while the other 5 cases were diagnosed metachronously. Among 8 cases underwent surgery, 1 case with CIN underwent argon plasma coagulation (APC) after surgery, 1 case with the positive edge of VIN underwent APC. During follow up, 1 case with locally advanced cervical cancer underwent radiotherapy again, 3 cases with VAIN received APC, while 1 cervical cancer cases with VAIN received no treatment. The average follow-up time was 25.6 months (range 6-87 months). Two cases died of cervical cancer metastasis. The other 11 cases were normal and still alive. None of them progressed to invasive carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The main reason of VAIN is HPV infection. There are not specific clinical manifestations, usually diagnosed when reviewing cervical or vulva lesions and rarely progressed to invasive carcinoma. The main treatment of VAIN is surgery with the adjuvant treatment of APC.

[Analysis of therapeutic result and prognostic factor in primary fallopian tube carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of treatment modality and clinicopathologic profile on prognosis in primary fallopian tube carcinoma. METHODS: The data of 64 cases with primary fallopian tube carcinoma treated between January 1991 and June 2006 were analyzed. The clinicopathological data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The overall 5-year survival rate of this series was 56.3%. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rate was 84.6% and 65.4% in surgical staging group versus 58.3% and 33.3% in no surgical staging group with a significant difference between two groups (P = 0.0429; P = 0.043), which was 89.5% and 68.4% in optimal cytoreduction group versus 66.7% and 41.7% in suboptimal cytoreduction group (P = 0.0466; P = 0.0444). However, there was no significant difference in 3-year and 5-year survival rate between the group with pelvic lymphadenectomy and the group without (84.2% vs. 69.2%, P = 0.4667; 63.1% vs. 53.8%, P = 0.459), and also between the group treated using CAP/CP regimen and the group by TP regimen for chemotherapy (81.8% vs. 80.0%, P = 0.8946; 59.1% vs. 60.0% P = 0.9582). It was found that the 5-year survival was correlated with FIGO stage (III-IV vs. I - II, P = 0.0197), differentiation grade (G3 vs. G1 + G2, P = 0.003), pathologic type (other type vs. serous, P = 0.0494), lymph nodes status (positive vs. negative, P = 0.0295). CONCLUSION: Surgical staging, optimal cytoreduction, differentiation grade, pathologic type, lymph node status are important factors influencing the 5-year survival in primary fallopian tube carcinoma. Pelvic lymphadenectomy is necessary and feasible to perform during the procedure of surgical staging and cytoreduction. CAP/CP and TP regiment are similarly effective in adjuvant chemotherapy for primary fallopian tube carcinoma.