[Investigation on schistosomiasis japonica infection and preventive knowledge of immigration population in Jinshan District, Shanghai].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the schistosomiasis japonica infection and preventive knowledge of immigration population in Jinshan District, Shanghai so as to provide the evidence for improving the control work. METHODS: The immigration population from schistosomiasis endemic provinces and local people were screened by serum IHA screening for schistosome infection, and the positives were further examined by Kato-Katz technique and the miracidium hatching method. The schistosomiasis preventive knowledge and behaviors were investigated by questionnaires. RESULTS: A total of 579 were investigated with 348 immigration people and 231 local people, and among them, the male accounted for 72.0% and female accounted for 28.0%. In the immigration population, the main age group was 20-29 (56.0%), and 56.6% of the immigration had an education level at senior middle school or higher. The most proportion of immigration was from Anhui Province (36.2%). There were 4 IHA positive persons (1.15%) in the immigration, and 1 was positive in the stool test, and the schistosome infection rate was 0.29%. There were no positives in the local people. The schistosomiasis preventive knowledge of the immigration was generally poor, and some people' s behaviors of see doctor and medication were incorrect. CONCLUSION: There are schistosome infected persons among the immigration population from schistosomiasis endemic provinces, and their schistosomiasis prevention knowledge was poor, thus there is a schistosomiasis transmission risk.

[Follow-up of chronic filariasis patients in Jinshan District, Shanghai from 2009 to 2011].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the prognosis of chronic filariasis patients who were nursed with the care methods recommended by WHO in Jinshan District, Shanghai. METHODS: The chronic filariasis patients who were nursed with the care methods recommended by WHO were followed up in Jinshan District from 2009 to 2011. The patients of Level 1 were followed up once a year; the patients of Level 2 and Level 3 were followed up twice a year. All the results were recorded into the standard questionnaires and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: By the end of 2011, there were 264 chronic filariasis patients, including 106 males and 158 females. There were 201 patients aged between 70 and 85 years old, accounting for 76.14% of the patients. Lymphedema was the most common symptom in the patients and 76.51% of the patients had it. From 2009 to 2011, the conducting rates of sanitary cleaning the limbs, elevation of the limbs, and exercises were 89.02%, 83.71% and 72.08%, respectively. The improvement rates were 6.54%, 10.95% and 14.77% each year, which had a statistically significant difference (chi2 = 18.359, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The care methods of chronic filariasis patients recommend by WHO really benefit the relief of lymphedema, and should be popularized.

[Retrospective investigation of formation of large-scale Oncomelania snail-ridden area in Maogang Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai City].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of the formation of large-scale Oncomelania snail situation in Maogang Town, so as to provide the scientific evidence for improving snail surveillance in Shanghai. METHODS: The data about the geography, construction and use of floodgate, and snail status of Maogang Town and its surrounding areas, as well as the meteorology and hydrology of Songjiang District were collected and reviewed, and the factors influencing the formation of snail status were analyzed. RESULTS: The condition of water, soil and temperature in Maogang Town was suitable for snail breeding. By 1993, 75% (18/24) of the mouths flowing to Huangpu River and its branches had been built. From 1991 to 2001, the average annual precipitation of Songjiang District was 7.44% higher than the usual condition. There were two basin-wide floods occurring in 1991 and 1999, respectively. The occurrence of tides reaching or exceeding the warning level (3.50 m) of Mishidu hydrology station was positively correlated with the rainfall in the flood season (between June and September, r = 0.903, P < 0.01). Snails were found in some adjacent areas surrounding Maogang Town, and the snail situation peak occurred in early 1990s. In 2002, a large scale area (26.67 hm2) of snail habitats was detected, which was mainly distributed in the west of Maogang Town in the upstream of the Huangpu River. CONCLUSIONS: The formation of large-scale snail-breeding area in Maogang Town probably is the result of the combined action of the construction and use of floodgates, increasing rainfall, floods, tides that frequently surpass warning level of Huangpu River and the snail status of upstream areas. It is necessary to pay more attention to the data collection, analysis and utilization about schistosomiasis-related natural and social factors. In addition, regular snail surveys are suggested in schistosomiasis non-endemic areas adjacent to snail-infested area.