Hsa-miR-342-3p and hsa-miR-360 may be the key molecules that promote periodontitis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Periodontitis (PD) has been acknowledged as a complication associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the precise mechanism through which T2DM fosters the development of PD remains elusive. Our objective is to elucidate the connection between these two conditions by conducting bioinformatics analysis. Methods: In this study, we analyzed miRNA datasets pertaining to T2DM and PD sourced from GEO. Through differential expression analysis, we identified common differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and subsequently analyzed the functional enrichment of these common DE-miRNAs. We further leveraged the PD transcriptome database to select DE-miRNA-targeted mRNAs and examined their association with immune infiltration. Finally, machine learning was used to further screen hub DE-miRNA-targeted mRNAs and validate our data in external datasets. Results: Two common DE-miRNAs, namely hsa-miR-342-3p and hsa-miR-360, were identified from the miRNA datasets of PD and T2DM. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these two common DE-miRNAs predominantly participate in Ras, PI3K-Akt, p53, and MAPK signaling pathways. Integration of the PD transcriptome dataset revealed a total of 21 DE-miRNA-targeted mRNAs in PD, with strong correlations observed with plasma cells and dendritic cells. Finally, three hub DE-miRNA-targeted mRNAs (hsa-miR-342-3p-/hsa-miR-360-RASAL2, hsa-miR-360-ENTPD1/PLXDC2) were identified. ENTPD1 exhibited a robust positive correlation with plasma cells and a negative correlation with resting dendritic cells. Conclusions: Therefore, hsa-miR-342-3p-/hsa-miR-360-RASAL2, as well as hsa-miR-360-ENTPD1/PLXDC2, may serve as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for T2DM-associated PD.

Nutrients Leaching in Response to Long-Term Fertigation and Broadcast Nitrogen in Blueberry Production.

Nutrient leaching losses from horticultural production threaten the quality of groundwater and freshwater systems worldwide. The objectives of this study were to (a) assess the effects of annual applications of ammonium sulfate fertilizer through fertigation (FERT) and broadcast (BROAD) on nutrient leaching losses and (b) determine the links among chemical property changes in leachates and soil with berry yields after 9 and 11 years of blueberry production. The long-term blueberry site was established in 2008 using seven combinations of treatments including an unfertilized control (CONT) and three N fertilizer rates (100%, 150%, 200% of recommended rates) using BROAD and FERT methods. Nutrients concentrations (NO3--N, NH4+-N and SO42--S) and chemical properties (pH and electrical conductivity (EC)) of leachate, sawdust and soil and berries were assessed. All FERT methods resulted in concentrations of NO3--N in the leachates > 100 mg L-1 with a maximum of 200 mg L-1 for FERT-200 during the growing season due to the easy transport of dissolved nutrients with the irrigation water. All BROAD methods resulted into concentrations of NO3--N in the leachates >10 mg L-1 with a maximum of 35 mg L-1 for BROAD-200 between April and July, as well as between November and April, indicating two periods of NO3--N leaching losses. The pattern observed with BROAD indicates that irrigation water in the summer and heavy rainfall in the winter contribute to NO3--N leaching losses. Concentrations of NH4+-N in the leachates >1 mg L-1 were measured under FERT with a peak at 64.78 mg L-1 for FERT-200, during the period April to August, due to NH4+'s ability to quickly move through the sawdust layer with irrigation water. Principal component analysis linked berry yield decrease with ammonium sulfate applications above recommended rates (FERT and BROAD) and with changes in soil pH and EC. Our results demonstrated that excess fertilizer applications above recommended rates using FERT and BROAD can threaten the sustainability of blueberry production by enhancing nutrient leaching losses and reducing berry yield.

[Study of the bonding strength of pure titanium and light-cured hard crown and bridge composite after filming by TiSiN].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluated the bonding strength between pure titanium and Solidex after deposition by magnetron sputtering TiSiN with different content of Si (9%, 19%) and analyzed the surface component by electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). METHODS: All pure titanium samples divided into 3 groups according to different surface treatment, then bonded with Solidex light-cured composite. Material test machine was used to measure bonding strength and the surface was analyzed by EPMA. RESULTS: The bonding strength of deposition with TiSiN groups were higher than unfilming group, increasing the content of Si could enhance the bonding strength between pure titanium and Solidex in TiSiN groups (P < 0.05). EPMA showed amorphous materials like TiN, SiN gathered on the surface in TiSiN groups. There were obvious interspaces between unfilming pure titanium and Solidex, contrary no interspaces was observed in TiSiN groups. CONCLUSION: The bonding strength of filming groups was higher than unfilming group, amorphous material like TiN, SiN gathering on the surface may prevent the microleakage and stop metal ion leaking.

[Study of TiN plating coat on increasing shear bond strength].

PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of increasing bond strength of polymer ceramic to titanium using TiN coating. METHODS: Twelve pure titanium specimens were casted and divided into two groups randomly. In one group,the surface was processed with conventional handling,in the other group,the surface was coated with TiN. Then the specimens in each group was bonded with polymer ceramic material (Ceramage). The shear bond strength was measured using parallel interface shearing. The interface between polymer ceramic and titanium was observed under SEM. Two samples t test was conducted with SPSS11.0 software package. RESULTS: The shear bond strength of TiN plating coat group was (29.78+/-0.78)MPa, larger than that of the conventional handling group (25.73+/-0.37)MPa, the difference was significant (P<0.01) between the two groups, and both of them exceeded ISO9693:1999(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: TiN plating coat can effectively improve the shear bond strength.