[Effects of potassium supply on the growth, photosynthesis and 15N and 13C absorption and utilization of M9T337 seedling.] / ä¾›é’¾æ°´å¹³å¯¹è‹¹æžœç §æœ¨M9T337å¹¼è‹—ç”Ÿé•¿ã€å ‰åˆç‰¹æ€§ä¸Ž15N、13C吸收利用的影响.

Hydroponic experiment was carried out on M9T337 seedlings using 15N and 13C isotope tracer technology to study the effects of different potassium supply levels (K0, K1, K2, K3 and K4 were equivalent to 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mmol·L-1, respectively) on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics and 15N and 13C absorption and utilization of M9T337 seedlings. The results showed that dry mass, root length, root surface area, number of tips and root activity of M9T337 seedlings under the K2 level were significantly higher than those under other levels. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of leaves increased at low K+ concentration and then decreased with the increases of potassium supply level, and reached the maximum value at K2 treatment (15.5 µmol CO2·m-2·s-1). At the 30th day after treatment, the activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and carbon metabolism enzyme were highest in K2 treatment, and lowest in K0 treatment. With the increases of potassium application rate, the 13C accumulation of seedlings were first increased and then decreased, with the 13C distribution rate of each organ being the most balanced at K2 treatment. There were significant differences in 15N uptake and utilization rate among treatments. 15N uptake and utilization rates of seedlings under K2 treatment were the highest, which were 16.1 mg and 17.9%, respectively. Therefore, too low or too high potassium supply could inhibit seedling root growth and leaf photosynthesis, which was not conducive to carbon and nitrogen absorption. Appropriate potassium supply could improve root activity and net photosynthetic rate, enhance nitrate reductase (NR) and carbon metabolic enzyme activity, and promote carbon and nitrogen metabolism.

Studies on chemical constituents of Patrinia villosa / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents of Patrinia villosa.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, and identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis (MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Seven compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate and n-butanol extract and identified as: 5-hydroxyl-7, 3', 4'-trimethoxy flavone (I), 5-hydroxyl-7, 4'-dimethoxy flavone (II), luteolin (III), quercetin (IV), isoorientin (V), isovitexin (VI) and 8-C glucosylprunetin (VII).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds I , II, III, V, VI and VIII were obtained from the plant of genus Patrinia for the first time, compound IV was separated from P. villosa for the first time.</p>

Isolation and structure identification of chemical constituents from Patrinia villosa / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the chemical constituents of Patrinia villosa Juss.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Solvent extraction, silica gel column and preparative liquid chromatography were used to separate the chemical constituents, and the chemical structures were elucidated by physico-chemical properties and spectra data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight compounds were isolated and identified as bolusanthol B (1), (2S)-5, 7, 2', 6'-tetrahydroxy-6,8-di (gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl) flavanone (2), orotinin (3), (2S)-5, 7, 2', 6'-tetrahydroxy-6-lavandulylated flavanone (4), 3'-prenyl-apigenine (5), luteolin (6), quercetin (7) and apigenin (8).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound 2 and 4 are new compounds, compounds 1, 3 and 5 were separated from Patrinia genius for the first time, compounds 6, 7 and 8 were isolated from Patrinia vollosa Juss for the first time.</p>

Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of tetrahydropalmatine in rats / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the stereoselective pharmacokinetic process of tetrahydropalmatine (THP) in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The concentrations of tetrahydropalmatine enantiomers in rat plasma were determined by coupled achiral and chiral HPLC method. The differences in plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters between the two enantiomers were compared by paired t-test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The plasma levels of l-THP were always higher than those of d-THP in eight rats. There was significant difference between the main pharmacokinetic parameters of the two enantiomers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tetrahydropalmatine showed significant stereoselective pharmacokinetics in rats after an ig dose of the racemate.</p>

Two new C21 steroidal glycosides from Marsdenia tenacissima / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the chemical constituents of Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To separate compounds with various chromatography technology and to elucidate their structures by chemical and spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two compounds were isolated from Marsdenia tenacissima and their stuctures were determined as tenacissosides J (I) and tenacissosides K (II).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds I and II are new C21 steroidal glycosides.</p>

Determination of chemical constituents of essential oil from the fruit of Eucalyptus globulus by GC-MS / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The chemical components of essential oil from fruit of Eucalyptus globulus were analyzed by GC-MS.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The essential oil were extracted by steam distillation, then separated by capillary gas chromatography. The amount of the component from essential oil were determined by normalization methods. Chromatographic conditions were: capillary column DB-WAX (0.32 mm x 30 m, 0.25 microm) was used, column temperature: initial temperature at 40 degrees C for 3 min,ramping 5 C x min(-1) to 250 degrees C (holding for 10 min) the detector MS.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>31 component from the fruit of E. globulus were identified, which accounted for over 93.7% of total volatile oil.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The methods is reliable, stabilize and can be applied to identify the volatile oil from the fruit of E. globulus.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents in fruit of Eucalyptus globulus / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>AIM To study the chemical constituents of the fruit of Eucalyptus globulus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Various column chromatographies with silica gel were employed for the isolation and purification. The structures of the compounds were elucidated with of spectral analyses and chemical methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Five compounds were isolated and elucidated as follows: betulonic acid (I), betulinic acid (II), ursolic acid (III), corosolic acid (IV), daucosterol (V).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound I, II, III and IV were isolated from this plant for the first time.</p>

Studies on NaNO2-induced DNA mutation by convolution spectrometry / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the sodium nitrite induced DNA mutation by convolution spectrometry (CS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The spectra of sodium nitrite-induced mutative calf thymus DNA was compared with ego criteria based on Spectra of the primary DNA within the wavelength range from 200 to 340 nm. Distilled water served as blank and normal saline served as negative control. Any difference was quantitatively expressed by differential value (delta) of convolution spectra. Near-infrared spectroscopy was employed as the reference method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The differential value was positively correlated with the increasing time and concentration of sodium nitrite. delta values increased to 1.37%, 2.41% and 5.44% respectively within 2-hour's reaction between calf thymus DNA and 0.5, 0.05 and 0.005 microgram.mL-1 sodium nitrite, while on the contrary, changes could be hardly observed on the corresponding UV absorption spectra. The results were also confirmed by their corresponding near-infrared spectra.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The delta values can be used to represent the compound's strength of mutagenesis. Every convolution procedure takes less than one minute, so CS provides a fast, simple and inexpensive alternative method to determine chemical or medicinal DNA mutation.</p>

Solubility behavior of four diastereomeric salts and two amino acids in near-critical CO2 / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To establish a suitable condition for extraction of phenylalanine (Phe), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-OH-Trp) and four diastereomeric salts, (1R,2S)-ephedrine- (2S,3S)-tartaric acid, (1R,2S)-ephedrine-(2R,3R)-tartaric acid, (1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine-(2S,3S)-tartaric acid, (1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine- (2R,3R)-tartaric acid in supercritical fluid extraction and to assess the solubilities of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts in CO2.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Single-pass method and HPCE.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The solubilities of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts in CO2 were determined over temperature and pressure ranges of 25-50 degrees C and 6.32-34.03 MPa respectively. The experimental results showed that the solubilities of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts do not increase with density of CO2. There existed a maximum in the critical region of CO2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The dramatically high solubilities in the pressure of 6.32-7.78 MPa show a critical behavior, which can be explained by critical characteristic through thermodynamics analysis. The results suggest that the separation of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts is more efficient in critical region of CO2.</p>

Identifying the origin fungi of the traditional Chinese medicine Hongqu with capillary gas chromatography method / 第二军医大学学报

Objective：To establish a capillary gas chromatography(CGC) method for identifying the origin fungi of traditional Chinese medicine Hongqu. Methods：The volatile components of 7 species of Monascus including M. purpureus Went, M.aurantiacus Lee, M. serorubesceus　Sato, M. albidus Sato, M. barkeri Dangerd, M. ruber van　Tieghem, and　M.fuliginosus　Sato were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography method. Inlet temperature and detector temperature were 280℃，temperature program were 130℃,5 min→10℃/min→200℃, 10 min FID was used for detection. Results：The variety and contents of the volatility components in Monascus had obvious differences which can be distinguished easily by the main fingerprint peaks within 20 min. Conclusion：This method is useful to identify of Monascus fungi.

Identifying the origin fungi of the traditional Chinese medicine Hongqu with capillary gas chromatography method / 第二军医大学学报

Objective：To establish a capillary gas chromatography(CGC) method for identifying the origin fungi of traditional Chinese medicine Hongqu. Methods：The volatile components of 7 species of Monascus including M. purpureus Went, M.aurantiacus Lee, M. serorubesceus　Sato, M. albidus Sato, M. barkeri Dangerd, M. ruber van　Tieghem, and　M.fuliginosus　Sato were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography method. Inlet temperature and detector temperature were 280℃，temperature program were 130℃,5 min→10℃/min→200℃, 10 min FID was used for detection. Results：The variety and contents of the volatility components in Monascus had obvious differences which can be distinguished easily by the main fingerprint peaks within 20 min. Conclusion：This method is useful to identify of Monascus fungi.