RESUMO
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various tissue cell types including bone, adipose, cartilage, and muscle. Among those, osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has been widely explored in many bone tissue engineering studies. Moreover, the conditions and methods of inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs are continuously advancing. Recently, with the gradual recognition of adipokines, the research on their involvement in different pathophysiological processes of the body is also deepening including lipid metabolism, inflammation, immune regulation, energy disorders, and bone homeostasis. At the same time, the role of adipokines in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has been gradually described more completely. Therefore, this paper reviewed the evidence of the role of adipokines in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, emphasizing bone formation and bone regeneration.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Long-term use of flexible denture prosthesis will increase the incidence of caries and periodontal disease, and partial denture stomatitis. The addition of fluoride in the prosthesis material can prevent and reduce the incidence of these diseases. Currently, increasing research addresses the addition of fluoride into dental materials at home and abroad, but little is reported on the addition of sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2(PO3)F into flexible denture materials and on the relevant mechanical performance.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical properties of flexible denture materials containing different fluoride concentrations.METHODS: Totally 180 elastic denture samples were made at the three different sizes of 80 mm×51 mm×1 mm (n=60), 20 mm×5 mm×5 mm (n=60), 25 mm×2 mm×2 mm (n=60). Then, elastic denture samples containing Na2(PO3)F 0 (control), 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% were prepared in each size groups. The tensile strength, flexural strength and Shore A hardness of the samples were tested.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: When the mass ratio of fluoride was up to 10%, the tensile strength and flexural strength reduced a little (P > 0.05). When the mass ratio of fluoride was up to 15%, the tensile strength and flexural strength were significantly lower than those of non-fluoride samples (P < 0.05). When the mass ratio of fluoride was up to 20%, the tensile strength, flexural strength and Shore A hardness were significantly lower than those of non-fluoride samples (P < 0.05). To conclude, Na2(PO3)F content has a significant effect on the tensile strength, flexural strength and Shore A hardness, and 10% is the best proportion of Na2(PO3)F. The mechanical properties of fluoride-containing flexible denture materials will be changed if the mass ratio of fluoride is higher than 10%.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Long-term use of flexible denture prosthesis will increase the incidence of caries and periodontal disease, and partial denture stomatitis. The addition of fluoride in the prosthesis material can prevent and reduce the incidence of these diseases. Currently, increasing research addresses the addition of fluoride into dental materials at home and abroad, but little is reported on the addition of sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2(PO3)F into flexible denture materials and on the relevant mechanical performance.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical properties of flexible denture materials containing different fluoride concentrations.METHODS: Totally 180 elastic denture samples were made at the three different sizes of 80 mm×51 mm×1 mm (n=60), 20 mm×5 mm×5 mm (n=60), 25 mm×2 mm×2 mm (n=60). Then, elastic denture samples containing Na2(PO3)F 0 (control), 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% were prepared in each size groups. The tensile strength, flexural strength and Shore A hardness of the samples were tested.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: When the mass ratio of fluoride was up to 10%, the tensile strength and flexural strength reduced a little (P > 0.05). When the mass ratio of fluoride was up to 15%, the tensile strength and flexural strength were significantly lower than those of non-fluoride samples (P < 0.05). When the mass ratio of fluoride was up to 20%, the tensile strength, flexural strength and Shore A hardness were significantly lower than those of non-fluoride samples (P < 0.05). To conclude, Na2(PO3)F content has a significant effect on the tensile strength, flexural strength and Shore A hardness, and 10% is the best proportion of Na2(PO3)F. The mechanical properties of fluoride-containing flexible denture materials will be changed if the mass ratio of fluoride is higher than 10%.
