Depressive Symptoms among US Adults during the Great Recession and Economic Recovery.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We study the trajectory of depressive symptoms among US adults before, during, and after the 2008/2009 Great Recession. METHODS: We use repeated cross-sectional surveys of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2018. Mental health is assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with the following categorization for depressive symptoms: none or mild (score 0-9), moderate or severe (score 10-27). A parallel time series was calculated from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) on self-reported number of days with poor mental health. RESULTS: NHANES data show a statistically significant increase in depressive symptoms from 2005/2006 to 2007/2008 (the beginning of the Great Recession), but there were no significant or consistent changes after 2007/2008. In particular, the deterioration in the adjusted predicted PHQ-9 scores occurred prior to the large increase in unemployment rate (2009/2010). As the macroeconomic situations improved and unemployment rates recovered, mental health did not return to the previous level. In the latest wave of NHANES (2017/2018), unemployment rates were at the lowest level over the analysis period; however, the adjusted predicted PHQ-9 scores were higher than that at the beginning of the Great Recession. Trends of PHQ-9 scores were similar across income groups - all groups had an increase in depressive symptoms after 2005/2006 and PHQ-9 scores were still high in 2017/2018 after controlling for sociodemographic status. Group with the lowest income had higher levels of depressive symptoms at every time point. BRFSS data shows no consistent changes in the number of days with poor mental health that parallel economic conditions. DISCUSSION: Depressive symptoms at the population level did not match the economic cycle before, during and after the Great Recession. Future research is needed to better understand the lack of correlation between population mental health and macroeconomic conditions.

Acute Hepatitis Due to Agomelatine Use in Elderly Women with Depression: Case Series

Although agomelatine may be associated with an increased risk of hepatotoxicity, the incidence rate of acute hepatitis seemed divergent between clinical trials and daily practice. Whether aging or gender is a risk factor in developing hepatotoxicity due to agomelatine is not clear. We present 3 older female cases with acute hepatitis occurring due to highly probable idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury caused by agomelatine. From these cases, regular surveillance on liver function in the older women taking antidepressants would be of benefits.

Multiplexed proteomics and imaging of resolving and lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lung

Normal tissue physiology and repair depends on communication with the immune system. Understanding this communication at the molecular level in intact tissue requires new methods. The consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can result in acute respiratory distress, thrombosis and death, has been studied primarily in accessible liquid specimens such as blood, sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage, all of which are peripheral to the primary site of infection in the lung. Here, we describe the combined use of multiplexed deep proteomics with multiplexed imaging to profile infection and its sequelae directly in fixed lung tissue specimens obtained from necropsy of infected animals and autopsy of human decedents. We characterize multiple steps in disease response from cytokine accumulation and protein phosphorylation to activation of receptors, changes in signaling pathways, and crosslinking of fibrin to form clots. Our data reveal significant differences between naturally resolving SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques and lethal COVID-19 in humans. The approach we describe is broadly applicable to other tissues and diseases. SummaryProteomics of infected tissue reveals differences in inflammatory and thrombotic responses between resolving and lethal COVID-19.

Molecular cloning, prokaryotic expression and double-antibody sandwich ELISA development of 17β-hsd10 in mouse / 生物工程学报

We expressed 17-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase10 (17β-hsd10) recombinant protein, prepared anti-17β- hsd10 polyclonal antibodies and established sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for detection of 17β-hsd10. RT-PCR was used to get the gene of 17β-hsd10 of mouse liver, and a prokaryotic protein expression system pET 15b-17β-hsd10/Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) which induced with isopropyl-1-thio-β-galactopyranoside (IPTG) for recombinant protein expression was constructed subsequently. The target protein purified using His-Binding-resin column was used to immunize BALB/c mice and rabbits, serum total IgGs from immunized animals were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation method. We established a Double-antibody Sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay about 17β-hsd10 using the two antibodies we prepared. We got the concentration of 1.5 mg/mL of 17β-hsd10 protein with molecular weight of 29.5 kDa, and polyclonal antibodies from mouse and rabbit with the tite 1.25 x 10(4) and 2.5 x 10(4) respectively. The concentration of 0.1 g/mL of 17β-hsd10 can be detected by the Double-antibody Sandwich ELISA we established, and the assay was sensitive and specific. It can be widely used in clinical and experimental study.