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BACKGROUND: Eczema herpeticum is a rapidly progressing skin complication related to the herpes simplex virus, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems or atopic dermatitis. Eczema herpeticum is characterized by cutaneous pain, scaling, and the presence of vesicular lesions, often accompanied by secondary infection. Dissemination of the infection can lead to severe morbidity and mortality in patients without appropriate antiviral and antibiotic therapy. CASE REPORT: We presented a case of ankylosing spondylitis in a relatively young patient who did not receive immunosuppressive therapy and had no history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, herpes zoster infection or atopic dermatitis. The patient's symptoms improved following a course of antiviral and antibiotic treatments. INTRODUCTION: The incidence of eczema herpeticum has been on the rise in recent decades, primarily due to an increased number of individuals with compromised immune systems. This increase can be attributed to various factors, including the higher prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, the more extensive use of immunosuppressive therapy, and what seems to be a growing incidence of atopic dermatitis.[1] This disease can be initially mistaken for Stevens-Johnson syndrome because of the rapid advancement of skin lesions, however, the atypical target lesions, flaccid bullae and prominent mucosal involvement found in Stevens-Johnson syndrome are absent in cases of eczema herpeticum. Other differential diagnoses include impetigo, disseminated herpes zoster, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, dermatitis herpetiformis.
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As the sister clade of seed plants, ferns are significant materials for plant phylogeny research. However, the genomic DNA extraction protocol for fern samples like modified CTAB method still lacks robustness. Here, we found that the amount and condition of the pinnae samples are critical for gDNA extraction in fern, Adiantum capillus-veneris L. In 500 µl CTAB solution, the recommended amount of pinnae is about 10-20 mg (2-3 pieces). The condition of the pinnae must be instantly-picked from a plant cultivated in a suitable environment. With these factors under control, it is highly reproducible to get the high-quality gDNA with low degradation rate.
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Spores are the primary way of spread and reproduction for ferns, a clade of seed-free vascular plants. However, no detailed protocol for ferns spore cultivation has been reported yet. Here we provide a modified approach for axenic cultivation of fern Adiantum capillus-veneris L., based on Cao's and Li's method (Cao, et al., 2010; Li, et al., 2013). Our approach can be briefly divided into four steps: 1) collect spores; 2) sterilize the spores with 5% sodium hypochlorite solution and wash twice; 3) incubate the spores in liquid Knop's medium in the dark for five days; 4) cultivate the spores on Knop's plate medium. To increase the germination rate, we constrain the sterilization time under 25 min and add dark treatment step after spore sterilization. After these modifications, the germination rate raises from 2% to 25%.
