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BACKGROUND: Inner Mongolia cashmere goat (IMCG), renowned for its superior cashmere quality, is a Chinese indigenous goat breed that has been developed through natural and artificial selection over a long period. However, recently, the genetic resources of IMCGs have been significantly threatened by the introduction of cosmopolitan goat breeds and the absence of adequate breed protection systems. RESULTS: In order to assess the conservation effectiveness of IMCGs and efficiently preserve and utilize the purebred germplasm resources, this study analyzed the genetic diversity, kinship, family structure, and inbreeding of IMCGs utilizing resequencing data from 225 randomly selected individuals analyzed using the Plink (v.1.90), GCTA (v.1.94.1), and R (v.4.2.1) software. A total of 12,700,178 high-quality SNPs were selected through quality control from 34,248,064 SNP sites obtained from 225 individuals. The average minor allele frequency (MAF), polymorphic information content (PIC), and Shannon information index (SHI) were 0.253, 0.284, and 0.530, respectively. The average observed heterozygosity (Ho) and the average expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.355 and 0.351, respectively. The analysis of the identity by state distance matrix and genomic relationship matrix has shown that most individuals' genetic distance and genetic relationship are far away, and the inbreeding coefficient is low. The family structure analysis identified 10 families among the 23 rams. A total of 14,109 runs of homozygosity (ROH) were identified in the 225 individuals, with an average ROH length of 1014.547 kb. The average inbreeding coefficient, calculated from ROH, was 0.026 for the overall population and 0.027 specifically among the 23 rams, indicating a low level of inbreeding within the conserved population. CONCLUSIONS: The IMCGs exhibited moderate polymorphism and a low level of kinship with inbreeding occurring among a limited number of individuals. Simultaneously, it is necessary to prevent the loss of bloodline to guarantee the perpetuation of the IMCGs' germplasm resources.
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Variação Genética , Cabras , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Animais , Cabras/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma , Frequência do Gene , Endogamia , ChinaRESUMO
PRCIS: The combination of phacoemulsification, goniosynechialysis and goniotomy is an effective treatment for primary angle closure glaucoma patients with cataract, and this is not linked to the extent of preoperative peripheral anterior synechiae. PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of the extent of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) on the effectiveness and safety of combined phacoemulsification (PEI), goniosynechialysis (GSL), and goniotomy (GT) in eyes with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and cataract. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included patients diagnosed with PACG and cataracts who underwent combined PEI and 120 degrees GSL plus GT (PEI+GSL+GT) between April 2020 and October 2022 at 10 ophthalmic institutes. Eligible patients were divided into 3 groups based on the extent of PAS: 180°≤PAS<270°, 270°≤PAS<360°, and PAS=360°. Data on intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of ocular hypotensive medications, and complications were collected and compared. The study defined complete success as postoperative IOP within the 6-18 mm Hg range and a 20% reduction from baseline without the use of topical medications. Qualified success was defined in the same way as complete success, but it allowed for the use of ocular hypotensive medications. RESULTS: Three hundred four eyes of 283 patients were included. The mean follow-up was 12.50±1.24 months. All groups experienced a significant reduction in IOP after the surgery ( P <0.05). There were no significant differences in final IOP, number of medications, and cumulative complete and qualified success rates among the 3 groups ( P >0.05). The groups with 270°≤PAS<360°had a higher frequency of hyphema compared with 180°≤PAS<270° ( P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: PEI+GSL+GT has proven to be an effective treatment for PACG with cataracts over a 1 year period. However, the outcome was not correlated with the preoperative extent of PAS.
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Catarata , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado , Pressão Intraocular , Facoemulsificação , Acuidade Visual , Humanos , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/cirurgia , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Feminino , Catarata/complicações , Pressão Intraocular/fisiologia , Idoso , Acuidade Visual/fisiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Corpo Ciliar/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Gonioscopia , Aderências Teciduais , Implante de Lente Intraocular , Tonometria Ocular , Doenças da Íris/cirurgia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
Triphenylphosphine functionalized carbon dots (TPP-CDs) showcase robust mitochondria targeting capacity owing to their positive electrical properties. However, TPP-CDs typically involve complicated synthesis steps and time-consuming postmodification procedures. Especially, the one-step target-oriented synthesis of TPP-CDs and the regulation of TPP linkage modes remain challenges. Herein, we propose a free-radical-initiated random copolymerization in combination with hydrothermal carbonation to regulate the TPP backbone linkage for target-oriented synthesis of triphenylphosphine copolymerization carbon dots (TPPcopoly-CDs). The linkage mechanism of random copolymerization reactions is directional, straightforward, and controllable. The TPP content and IC50 of hydroxyl radicals scavenging ability of TPPcopoly-CDs are 53 wt % and 0.52 mg/mL, respectively. TPP serves as a charge control agent to elevate the negatively charged CDs by 20 mV. TPPcopoly-CDs with negative charge can target mitochondria, and in the corresponding mechanism the TPP moiety plays a crucial role in targeting mitochondria. This discovery provides a new perspective on the controlled synthesis, TPP linkage modes, and mitochondrial targeting design of TPP-CDs.
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Carbono , Mitocôndrias , Compostos Organofosforados , Pontos Quânticos , Compostos Organofosforados/química , Carbono/química , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Pontos Quânticos/química , Humanos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/síntese química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Células HeLaRESUMO
This study aimed to investigate the impact of different pre-heating temperatures (ranging from 40⯰C to 80⯰C) on the interactions between soy protein isolate (SPI) and catechin to effectively control catechin encapsulation efficiency and optimize the emulsifying properties of soy protein isolate. Results showed that optimal heat treatment at 70⯰C improved catechin encapsulation efficiency up to 93.71⯱â¯0.14â¯%, along with the highest solubility, enhanced emulsification activity index and improved thermal stability of the protein. Multiple spectroscopic techniques revealed that increasing pretreatment temperature (from 40⯰C to 70⯰C) altered the secondary structures of SPI, resulting in a more stable unfolded structure for the composite system with a significant increase in α-helical structures and a decrease in random coil and ß-sheet structures. Moreover, optimal heat treatment also leads to an augmentation of free sulfhydryl groups within complex as well as exposure of more internal chromophore amino acids on molecular surface. Size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography and SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the band intensity of newly formed high-molecular-weight soluble macromolecules (>180â¯kDa) increased as the pre-heating temperature rose. Furthermore, fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking analysis suggest that hydrophobic and covalent interactions were involved in complex formation, which intensified with increasing temperature.
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Catequina , Temperatura Alta , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Solubilidade , Proteínas de Soja , Proteínas de Soja/química , Catequina/química , Emulsões/química , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Calefação , Ligação Proteica , Emulsificantes/química , Estrutura Secundária de ProteínaRESUMO
Introduction: Glaucoma is a prevalent cause of irreversible vision impairment, characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss, with no currently available effective treatment. Rapamycin (RAPA), an autophagy inducer, has been reported to treat glaucoma in rodent models by promoting RGC survival, but its limited water solubility, systemic toxicity, and pre-treatment requirements hinder its potential clinical applications. Methods: Chitosan (CS)-RAPA carbon dot (CRCD) was synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization of CS and RAPA and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. In vitro assays on human umbilical cord vein endothelial and rat retinal cell line examined its biocompatibility and anti-oxidative capabilities, while lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine microglia (BV2) assays measured its effects on microglial polarization. In vivo, using a mouse retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model by acute intraocular pressure elevation, the effects of CRCD on visual function, RGC apoptosis, oxidative stress, and M2 microglial polarization were examined. Results: CRCD exhibited good water solubility and anti-oxidative capabilities, in the form of free radical scavenging. In vitro, CRCD was bio-compatible and lowered oxidative stress, which was also found in vivo in the retinal I/R model. Additionally, both in vitro with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells and in vivo with the I/R model, CRCD was able to promote M2 microglial polarization by activating autophagy, which, in turn, down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1ß and TNF-α, as well as up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4 and TGF-ß. All these anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects ultimately aided in preserving RGCs, and subsequently, improved visual function. Discussion: CRCD could serve as a potential novel treatment strategy for glaucoma, via incorporating RAPA into CDs, in turn not only mitigating its toxic side effects but also enhancing its therapeutic efficacy.
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Quitosana , Glaucoma , Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Ratos , Animais , Camundongos , Humanos , Microglia/patologia , Quitosana/farmacologia , Sirolimo/farmacologia , Carbono/farmacologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Glaucoma/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Autofagia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Água , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Thermal stability and antioxidant ability of γ-oryzanol in oil have been widely studied. However, further research is needed to explore its thermal degradation products and degradation pathways. The thermal degradation products of γ-oryzanol in stripped soybean oil were identified and quantified by employing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) during heating at 180 °C. The results revealed that γ-oryzanol undergoes ester bond cleavage to form trans-ferulic acid and free sterols, and trans-ferulic acid generated intermediate compound 4-vinylguaiacol, which ultimately generated vanillin. Analysis of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters revealed the thermal stability ranking of the four components of γ-oryzanol as follows: CampFA > CAFA > 24MCAFA > SitoFA. Furthermore, γ-oryzanol exhibited superior antioxidant activity at lower temperatures. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for a better understanding of the thermal stability and antioxidant properties of γ-oryzanol in oil under thermal oxidation conditions.
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Antioxidantes , Ácidos Cumáricos , Fenilpropionatos , Antioxidantes/química , Oxirredução , Fenilpropionatos/química , Estresse OxidativoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of phacogoniotomy versus phacotrabeculectomy (PVP) among patients with advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and cataracts. DESIGN: Multicenter, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial. METHODS: A total of 124 patients (124 eyes) with advanced PACG and cataracts were enrolled, with 65 in the phacogoniotomy group and 59 in the phacotrabeculectomy group. Patients were followed up for 12 months with standardized evaluations. The primary outcome was the reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) from baseline to 12 months postoperatively, of which a non-inferiority margin of 4 mmHg was evaluated. Secondary outcomes included the cumulative surgical success rate, postoperative complications, and changes in the number of glaucoma medications. RESULTS: After 12 months, phacogoniotomy demonstrated non-inferiority to phacotrabeculectomy in terms of IOP reduction, with mean IOP reductions of - 26.1 mmHg and - 25.7 mmHg (P = 0.383), respectively, from baseline values of around 40 mmHg. Both groups experienced a significant reduction in the mean number of medications used postoperatively (P < 0.001). The cumulative success rate was comparable between the groups (P = 0.890). However, phacogoniotomy had a lower rate of postoperative complications and interventions (12.3% and 4.6%) compared to phacotrabeculectomy (23.7% and 20.3% respectively). The phacogoniotomy group reported shorter surgery time (22.1 ± 6.5 vs. 38.8 ± 11.1 min; P = 0.030) and higher quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L) improvement at 12 months (7.0 ± 11.5 vs. 3.0 ± 12.9, P = 0.010) than the phacotrabeculectomy group. CONCLUSIONS: Phacogoniotomy was non-inferior to phacotrabeculectomy in terms of IOP reduction for advanced PACG and cataracts. Additionally, phacogoniotomy provided a shorter surgical time, lower postoperative complication rate, fewer postoperative interventions, and better postoperative quality of life.
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Catarata , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado , Facoemulsificação , Trabeculectomia , Humanos , Catarata/complicações , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/complicações , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/cirurgia , Pressão Intraocular , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Suppression of vascular cell senescence is of great significance in preventing cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. The oxidative stress damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to cellular senescence. Rapamycin (Rapa) is well known to suppress cell senescence via mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. However, poor water solubility and lack of ROS scavenging ability limit the further development of Rapa. To improve the solubility of Rapa and endow with ROS scavenging ability, Rapa functionalized carbon dots (Rapa-CDs) are target-oriented synthesized via free radical polymerization combination with hydrothermal carbonization. Rapa-CDs improve the solubility of Rapa and show ROS scavenging abilities. The solubility of Rapa-CDs with 9.41 g is improved 3.6 × 104 times higher than that of Rapa (2.6 × 10-4 g). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Rapa-CDs toward hydroxyl radical (â¢OH) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPHâ¢) are 0.18 and 0.17 mg/mL, respectively. Rapa-CDs show anti-oxidative stress effect in HEVECs (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) via reducing ROS levels by 87 %. Rapa-CDs alleviate HUVECs senescence by suppressing mTOR overactivation, attenuate the expression of P53, P21 and P16. The study demonstrates the target-oriented synthesis of drugs functionalized CDs with anti-senescence via dual-pathway of anti-oxidative stress and mTOR.
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Transdução de Sinais , Sirolimo , Humanos , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Sirolimo/farmacologia , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Senescência Celular , Carbono/farmacologiaRESUMO
Objective: This study aimed to assess the current status of early enteral nutrition (EN) support among patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP) and analyze the factors influencing its duration. The findings aimed to provide guidance for the development of tailored EN support protocols for pancreatitis patients. Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed, and 51 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP) were enrolled from the Gastroenterology Department of Zhoushan Hospital between May 2020 and June 2021. Data analysis included the categorization of patients based on their early enteral nutrition (EN) support duration, followed by thorough statistical analysis, including logistic regression, to identify the factors impacting EN duration. Results: The mean duration of early EN support among AP patients was (93.57 ± 43.29) hours. A mere 13.73% of patients initiated EN within 48 hours of admission. Upon categorizing patients by the median duration of EN support, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed several significant risk factors influencing the duration of EN in AP patients, including patient age, underlying medical conditions, severity of pancreatitis, nutritional status, and blood lipase levels (P < .05). Conclusion: The study highlights the significant influence of disease severity and patients' functional status on the duration of early EN support in AP cases. It emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive patient assessment by medical professionals to determine the optimal timing for initiating EN support.
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Nutrição Enteral , Pancreatite , Humanos , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Pancreatite/terapia , Doença Aguda , Apoio Nutricional , Estado NutricionalRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between biosimilar QL1207 and the reference aflibercept for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial was conducted at 35 centers in China. Patients aged ≥ 50 years old with untreated subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to nAMD and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) letter score of 73-34 were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to receive intravitreous injections of QL1207 or aflibercept 2 mg (0.05 ml) in the study eye every 4 weeks for the first 3 months, followed by 2 mg every 8 weeks until week 48, stratified by baseline BCVA ≥ or < 45 letters. The primary endpoint was BCVA change from baseline at week 12. The equivalence margin was ± 5 letters. The safety, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics (PK), and plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration were also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 366 patients were enrolled (QL1207 group, n = 185; aflibercept group, n = 181) from Aug 2019 to Jan 2022 with comparable baseline characteristics. The least-squares mean difference in BCVA changes was - 1.1 letters (95% confidence interval - 3.0 to 0.7; P = 0.2275) between the two groups, within the equivalence margin. The incidences of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE; QL1207: 71.4% [132/185] vs. aflibercept: 71.8% [130/181]) and serious TEAE (QL1207: 14.1% [26] vs. aflibercept: 12.7% [23]) appeared comparable between treatment groups, and no new safety signal was found. Anti-drug antibody, PK profiles, and VEGF concentration were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: QL1207 has equivalent efficacy to aflibercept for nAMD with similar safety profiles. It could be used as an alternative anti-VEGF agent for clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05345236 (retrospectively registered on April 25, 2022); National Medical Products Administration of China: CTR20190937 (May 20, 2019).
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Objectives: To systematically review the epidemiology of frailty in China, one of the world's most populous countries, and to provide insightful guidance for countries to deal with fast population ageing. Methods: Six electronic databases were searched until November 2022. Data from cross-sectional studies with a clear definition of frailty and a mean age ≥60 years were pooled using meta-analysis. Results: 64 studies (n = 106,826 participants) from 23 (67.6%) of China's provinces were included. The overall prevalence of frailty and prefrailty among older community dwellers was 10.1% (95% CI: 8.5%-11.7%) and 43.9% (95% CI: 40.1%-47.8%), respectively. Adults over 70 years, women, unmarried, living alone, and those with less education had higher odds of being frail. Furthermore, regional disparities in frailty were observed; people in rural areas or areas with worse economic conditions had a higher prevalence of frailty. Conclusion: A great variation in frailty prevalence was observed between subgroups of older adults stratified by common risk factors. The Chinese government should pay more attentions to seniors at high risk and regions with a high prevalence of frailty.
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Fragilidade , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Transversais , Fragilidade/epidemiologia , Vida Independente , Prevalência , EnvelhecimentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of 120-, 240-, and 360-degree goniotomy (GT) with or without phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation (PEI) for patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). DESIGN: Multicenter, retrospective, comparative, nonrandomized interventional study. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with POAG who underwent GT with or without PEI were included, and divided into 6 groups: 1) standalone 120-degree GT (120GT); 2) standalone 240-degree GT (240GT); 3) standalone 360-degree GT (360GT); 4) PEI + 120GT; 5) PEI + 240GT; and 6) PEI + 360GT. Data on intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of ocular hypotensive medications, and complications were collected and compared. Success was defined as a postoperative IOP within the range of 6 to 18 mm Hg and a 20% reduction from baseline without further glaucoma surgery. Complete success and qualified success were defined as the above without and with ocular hypotensive medications, respectively. RESULTS: Three hundred eight eyes of 231 patients were included with a mean follow-up of 14.4 ± 8.6 months (6.0-48.0 months). There were no significant differences in the reductions in IOP and number of medications and cumulative survival probability for complete and qualified success rates among the 3 groups of standalone GT and PEI + GT. The 360GT group had the highest proportion of hyphema with or without PEI. CONCLUSIONS: 120GT, 240GT, and 360GT with or without PEI showed similar efficacy in reducing IOP and medications used in POAG. 360GT with or without PEI was more likely to cause hyphema compared with 120GT or 240GT. 120GT with or without PEI was sufficient for treating POAG with or without cataract..
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Catarata , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto , Facoemulsificação , Trabeculectomia , Humanos , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto/tratamento farmacológico , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto/cirurgia , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hifema/complicações , Hifema/tratamento farmacológico , Hifema/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Pressão Intraocular , Tonometria Ocular , Catarata/complicações , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Rates of aging vary markedly among individuals, and biological age serves as a more reliable predictor of current health status than does chronological age. As such, the ability to predict biological age can support appropriate and timely active interventions aimed at improving coping with the aging process. However, the aging process is highly complex and multifactorial. Therefore, it is more scientific to construct a prediction model for biological age from multiple dimensions systematically. METHODS: Physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated to gage individual health status. Then, age-related indices were screened for inclusion in a model capable of predicting biological age. For subsequent modeling analyses, samples were divided into training and validation sets for subsequent deep learning model-based analyses (e.g. linear regression, lasso model, ridge regression, bayesian ridge regression, elasticity network, k-nearest neighbor, linear support vector machine, support vector machine, and decision tree models, and so on), with the model exhibiting the best ability to predict biological age thereby being identified. RESULTS: First, we defined the individual biological age according to the individual health status. Then, after 22 candidate indices (DNA methylation, leukocyte telomere length, and specific physiological and biochemical indicators) were screened for inclusion in a model capable of predicting biological age, 14 age-related indices and gender were used to construct a model via the Bagged Trees method, which was found to be the most reliable qualitative prediction model for biological age (accuracy=75.6%, AUC=0.84) by comparing 30 different classification algorithm models. The most reliable quantitative predictive model for biological age was found to be the model developed using the Rational Quadratic method (R2=0.85, RMSE=8.731 years) by comparing 24 regression algorithm models. CONCLUSIONS: Both qualitative model and quantitative model of biological age were successfully constructed from a multi-dimensional and systematic perspective. The predictive performance of our models was similar in both smaller and larger datasets, making it well-suited to predicting a given individual's biological age.
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Algoritmos , Aprendizado de Máquina , Humanos , Adolescente , Teorema de Bayes , Envelhecimento/genética , Metilação de DNARESUMO
BACKGROUND: Older individuals tend to develop chronic inflammation. As a commonly used nonspecific inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP) can predict metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, etc. However, little is known about CRP levels in longevity people. OBJECTIVES: Investigate the distribution and correlates of CRP and provide a reference for the establishment of normal interval values in Chinese longevity people over 90 years of age. METHODS: We performed a correlation analysis to evaluate the correlation between CRP levels and longevity based on the basic demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and blood data of 4,418 participants in the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and 636 participants in an ongoing longitudinal study of natural longevity people in Guangxi. On this basis, the CRP reference interval for longevity was explored. RESULTS: The CRP concentration was significantly different among the three age groups, with a median of 3.80 mg/L for those older than 90 years, which was significantly higher than that for those aged 45-64 years (median 1.20 mg/L, p < 0.001) and 65-89 years (median 1.30 mg/L, p < 0.001). Body mass index, waist circumference, the waist-to-height ratio, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting and postprandial blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were positively correlated with CRP levels, while fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was negatively correlated with CRP levels. The CRP reference interval (RI) value in longevity people was 0.25-9.22 mg/L. CONCLUSION: The concentrations of CRP increased with advancing age, and the CRP reference interval was different between older and younger adults.
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Proteína C-Reativa , População do Leste Asiático , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Índice de Massa Corporal , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , China/epidemiologia , HDL-Colesterol , Estudos Longitudinais , Fatores de Risco , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Fatores EtáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Polarization of microglia, the resident retinal immune cells, plays important roles in mediating both injury and repair responses post-retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which is one of the main pathological mechanisms behind ganglion cell apoptosis. Aging could perturb microglial balances, resulting in lowered post-I/R retinal repair. Young bone marrow (BM) stem cell antigen 1-positive (Sca-1+) cells have been demonstrated to have higher reparative capabilities post-I/R retinal injury when transplanted into old mice, where they were able to home and differentiate into retinal microglia. METHODS: Exosomes were enriched from young Sca-1+ or Sca-1- cells, and injected into the vitreous humor of old mice post-retinal I/R. Bioinformatics analyses, including miRNA sequencing, was used to analyze exosome contents, which was confirmed by RT-qPCR. Western blot was then performed to examine expression levels of inflammatory factors and underlying signaling pathway proteins, while immunofluorescence staining was used to examine the extent of pro-inflammatory M1 microglial polarization. Fluoro-Gold labelling was then utilized to identify viable ganglion cells, while H&E staining was used to examine retinal morphology post-I/R and exosome treatment. RESULTS: Sca-1+ exosome-injected mice yielded better visual functional preservation and lowered inflammatory factors, compared to Sca-1-, at days 1, 3, and 7 days post-I/R. miRNA sequencing found that Sca-1+ exosomes had higher miR-150-5p levels, compared to Sca-1- exosomes, which was confirmed by RT-qPCR. Mechanistic analysis found that miR-150-5p from Sca-1+ exosomes repressed the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MEKK3)/JNK/c-Jun axis, leading to IL-6 and TNF-α downregulation, and subsequently reduced microglial polarization, all of which contributes to reduced ganglion cell apoptosis and preservation of proper retinal morphology. CONCLUSION: This study elucidates a potential new therapeutic approach for neuroprotection against I/R injury, via delivering miR-150-5p-enriched Sca-1+ exosomes, which targets the miR-150-5p/MEKK3/JNK/c-Jun axis, thereby serving as a cell-free remedy for treating retinal I/R injury and preserving visual functioning.
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Exossomos , MicroRNAs , Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Camundongos , Animais , Microglia/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Exossomos/metabolismo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/metabolismo , Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismoRESUMO
Background: Serum calcium (Ca), vitamin D (VD), and vitamin K (VK) levels are key determinants of vascular calcification, which itself impacts cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The specific relationships between the levels of these different compounds and particular forms of CVD, however, remain to be fully defined. Objective: This study was designed to explore the associations between these serum levels and CVDs with the goal of identifying natural interventions capable of controlling vascular calcification and thereby protecting against CVD pathogenesis, extending the healthy lifespan of at-risk individuals. Methods: Linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression and a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) framework were leveraged to systematically examine the causal interplay between these serum levels and nine forms of CVD, as well as longevity through the use of large publically accessible Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) datasets. The optimal concentrations of serum Ca and VD to lower CVD risk were examined through a restrictive cubic spline (RCS) approach. Results: After Bonferroni correction, the positive genetic correlations were observed between serum Ca levels and myocardial infarction (MI) (p = 1.356E-04), as well as coronary artery disease (CAD) (p = 3.601E-04). Negative genetic correlations were detected between levels of VD and CAD (p = 0.035), while elevated VK1 concentrations were causally associated with heart failure (HF) [odds ratios (OR) per 1-standard deviation (SD) increase: 1.044], large artery stroke (LAS) (OR per 1-SD increase: 1.172), and all stroke (AS) (OR per 1-SD increase: 1.041). Higher serum Ca concentrations (OR per 1-SD increase: 0.865) and VD levels (OR per 1-SD increase: 0.777) were causally associated with reduced odds of longevity. These findings remained consistent in sensitivity analyses, and serum Ca and VD concentrations of 2.376 mmol/L and 46.8 nmol/L, respectively, were associated with a lower CVD risk (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings support a genetic correlation between serum Ca and VD and CVD risk, and a causal relationship between VK1 levels and CVD risk. The optimal serum Ca (2.376 mmol/L) and VD levels (46.8 nmol/L) can reduce cardiovascular risk.
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Objective: To investigate the relationship between sleep duration and activities of daily living (ADL) disability, and to explore the optimal sleep duration among oldest-old Chinese individuals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1,798 participants (73.2% female) were recruited from Dongxing and Shanglin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China in 2019. The restricted cubic spline function was used to assess the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and ADL disability, and the odds ratios (ORs) of the associations were estimated by logistic regression models. Results: The overall prevalence of ADL disability was 63% (64% in females and 58% in males). The prevalence was 71% in the Han population (72% in females and 68% in males), 60% in the Zhuang population (62% in females and 54% in males) and 53% in other ethnic population (53% in females and 53% in males). A nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and ADL disability was observed. Sleep duration of 8-10 hours was associated with the lowest risk of ADL disability. Sleep duration (≥12 hours) was associated with the risk of ADL disability among the oldest-old individuals after adjusting for confounding factors (OR = 1.47, 95% CI [1.02, 2.10], p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sleep duration more than 12 hours may be associated with an increased risk of ADL disability in the oldest-old individuals, and the optimal sleep duration among this population could be 8-10 h.
Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas , Duração do Sono , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , População do Leste Asiático , China/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene), a naturally occurring polyphenol that is widely utilized in functional food due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-aging properties. In the present study, the antioxidant capacity and oxidation products of resveratrol in soybean oil were investigated. The antioxidant activity of resveratrol was evaluated by employing various in vitro antioxidant assays such as DPPH scavenging activities, ferric reducing abilities (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Furthermore, monitoring the peroxide value and the acid value of soybean oil with the addition of 200-1000 µg/g of resveratrol at 60 and 180 °C. It was found that when the concentration of resveratrol in soybean oil was 600 µg/g, the antioxidant capacity was most effective. Resveratrol and its thermal degradation products were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). There were seven nonvolatile oxidation products with mass-to-charge ratios of 138.03, 171.04, 185.10, 157.03, 436.13, 244.07 and 306.09 kg/C and two volatile oxidation products with mass-to-charge ratios of 100.05 and 158.13 kg/C were identified. The research findings may provide essential information for the development of resveratrol as functional oils in future.
RESUMO
Currently, the implants used for enophthalmic invagination have the disadvantages of precise filling difficulty, weak filling ability, large surgical wounds, and lack of CT development. Here, a CT-developable orbital stent was manufactured via 4D printing of a shape memory polyurethane composite for enophthalmos treatment. The composite was endowed with good CT development properties via incorporation of gold nanoparticles and nano-hydroxyapatite. Based on the bionic idea and CT reconstruction technique, a 4D printed orbital stent with a bionic honeycomb pore structure and an outer contour matching the orbital coloboma was designed to support the orbital tissue more accurately and stably. CT images of rabbits before and after the 4D printed orbital stent implantation showed better volume-filling capacity compared with the two types of the commercial orbital implants. The three-month follow-up showed the good postoperative result, which demonstrated the excellent performance of the composite in the precise minimally invasive treatment of enophthalmos compared with traditional orbital implants.