NLRP3 inflammasome and eye diseases / 中华实验眼科杂志

Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a set of intracellular protein complexes.NLRP3 inflammasome can trigger the activation of caspase-1 and contribute to the maturation of interleukin, and finally result in a series of inflammation responses in host.Inflammasomes are activated in a variety of cases, including multiple inflammation-related eye diseases, such as xerophthalmia, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and so on.This article aimed to interpret the effect and mechanism of the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and reviewed how the mutation of gene or the structure disturbance of protein related to NLRP3 inflammasome affects the occurrence and development of inflammation-related eye diseases.

Distribution of posterior corneal astigmatism and its effect on the calculation of Toric intraocular lens / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective To analysis the distribution of posterior corneal astigmatism (PA) and evaluate the influence of keratometric astigmatism (KA) and total corneal astigmatism (TCA) on the calculation of Toric intraocular lens (Toric IOL) in patients with age-related cataract (ARC) and high corneal astigmatism.Methods An observational study design was adopted.Pentacam was used to measure 200 eyes of 181 patients with ARC and KA＞0.75 D in Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from August 2016 to April 2017.KA,PA,TCA and anterior corneal astigmatism (AA) were recorded.The astigmatism magnitude and axis of PA was studied.The subjects were divided into astigmatism with the rule group,astigmatism against the rule group and oblique astigmatism group according to the axis of AA.The correlations of decomposition values between PA and AA or KA and TCA in each group were analyzed by Pearson linear correlation analysis.The difference of decomposition values between KA and TCA in each group was compared by paired sample t test.The type and axis of Toric IOL were calculated by online formula according to KA and TCA.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any medical examination.Results The mean astigmatic magnitudes of PA was -0.32 D×93.1°.PA exceeded 0.5 D in 22 eyes (11％).The steepest posterior corneal meridian was vertically aligned in 163 eyes (81.5％).The decomposition value KP(0) and KP (45) of PA were positively correlated with those ofAA (r=0.480,P＜0.001;r=0.251,P＜0.001).The mean astigmatic magnitudes of KA and TCA were 1.44D×89.6° and 1.32 D×89.5° in astigmatism with the rule group,1.39 D×153.4° and 1.71 D×154.4° in astigmatism against the rule group and 1.13 D× 122.0° and 1.24 D× 124.2° in oblique astigmatism group.53 eyes (69.7％) had KA higher than TCA in astigmatism with the rule group.82 eyes (87.3％) had KA lower than TCA in astigmatism against the rule group;20 eyes (66.7％) had KA lower than TCA in oblique astigmatism group.There were significant differences in KP (0) between KA and TCA in different astigmatism groups (all at P＜0.001).The calculated Toric IOL type were inconsistent in 85 eyes(42.5％) and the calculated axis were inconsistent in 176 eye s (88.2％).Conclusions In patients with high corneal astigmatism,the astigmatism type of PA is mostly astigmatism against the rule.Ignoring the PA can lead to deviation of Toric IOL type selection and axis placement in some patients.For patients who cannot measure PA or TCA,the type of Toric IOL should be adjusted appropriately.

Effects of survivin shRNA-APC double gene co-expression stably transfected cell lines on the angiogenesis of HT-29 colon cancer cells subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the effects of survivin shRNA-APC double gene co-expression stably transfected cell lines on the VEGF、COX-2 expressions and angiogenesis of subcutaneous exnotransplanted tumor tissues cell of HT-29 colon cancer in nude mice.Methods Forty nude mice were randomly divided into five groups,the negative control group,empty vector group,Survivin shRNA group,APC group,double-gene group.The stably transfected cell lines and HT-29 colon cancer cells were cultured,PBS suspension resulted in cell density of 2× 107/ml,injected with respective stably transfected cell lines to establish an SXT model.All the mice were sacrificed after six weeks in order to separate the subcutaneous tumor,the expressions of the VEGF,COX-2mRNA and protein were detected by Real time PCR and immunohistochemistry,CD34 antibody was used to mark the vascular endothelial cells,and the MVD values were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Tumors were formed in the nude mice of each group.The expressions of VEGF,COX-2 mRNA in Survivin shRNA group ((50.84±3.64)％,(50.11±3.91)％),APC group((74.28±6.87)％,(72.39±6.55)％) and Survivin shRNA-APC double-gene group ((21.78±4.00) ％,(20.74±5.12) ％) were significantly lower than those in the empty vector groups((100.00±0.00) ％,(100.00±0.00) ％) or negative control group ((98.22±0.38) ％,(97.61 + 0.77)),the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);the expressions of VEGF,COX-2 mRNA in Survivin shRNA-APC double-gene group were significantly lower than those in APC groups,Survivin shRNA group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The expressions of VEGF,COX-2 protein in Survivin shRNA group (5.15 ± 1.02,5.26 ± 0.91),APC group (4.96 ± 1.12,4.93 ± 1.18),and Survivin shRNA-APC double-gene groups (1.81 ± 0.84,1.80± 0.81)were significantli lower than those in the negative control group (8.95± 0.55,8.77± 0.60) and empty vector group (9.17± 0.49,9.01 ± 0.80),the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05),the expressions of VEGF,COX-2 protein in the Survivin shRNA-APC double-gene group were significantly lower than those than in APC group,Survivin shRNA group(P＜0.05);the expressions of MVD in APC group (12.14± 3.45),Survivin shRNA group (11.39 ± 2.94) and Survivin shRNA-APC double-gene group (3.96 ± 2.20) were lower than those in the negative control group (25.09 ± 5.59) and empty vector group (27.87 ± 7.36),the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),the MVD in the Survivin shRNA-APC double-gene group was even lower than that in APC group,Survivin shRNA group,the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Survivin shRNA-APC double gene coexpression stably transfected cell lines can significantly reduce the expression of the VEGF,COX-2 mRNA and protein and then inhibit the angiogenesis of transplanted tumor tissue,and its inhibitory effect is more effective than that og Survivin shRNA and APC single gene stable strain.

The effect of breast massage at different time in the early period after cesarean section / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the effect of breast massage at different time in the early period on maternal lactation after cesarean section.@*Methods@#80 women delivered by cesarean section were randomly selected from maternity ward of a hospital in Shandong province during Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2015; which were divided into four groups, with 20 patients in each. Three groups received 3 times of breast massage every 24 hoursbeginning from 2, 12 and 24 h after cesarean section, respectively. The control group didn't receive any breast massage. The starting time and status of lactation were observed and recorded after cesarean section. 5 ml venous blood sample was drawn from each patient respectively at 2 h before cesarean, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after cesarean to test the level of serum prolactin. The lactation status of each group was compared.@*Results@#The P50 (P25-P75) of starting time of lactation of the three massage groups and control group were 3 (2-6) h, 4 (2-8) h, 4 (3-12) h and 4 (2-12) h, respectively, whose differences showed no statistical significance (H=3.32, P=0.345).The number of delivered women with adequate lactation 24 hours after cesarean was 10 in the group who received massage beginning from 2 h after cesarean; while the number was only 2 in the control group. The number of delivered women with adequate lactation 48 hours after cesarean was 18 in the group who received massage beginning from 2 h after cesarean; while the number was 8 in the control group. The differences showed statistical significances (P values were 0.021 and 0.008, respectively). The serum prolactin level in the group of delivered women who received massage from 2 h after cesarean was separately (195.9±78.5), (176.0±96.5), (216.4±110.0), (190.0±56.8) and (184.8±69.6) μg/L at 2, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after cesarean, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (which were (128.8±40.6), (127.3±66.8), (162.2±58.8), (145.1±64.7) and (141.7±49.3) μg/L, respectively) (P=0.007).@*Conclusion@#Breast massage beginning from 2 hours after cesarean section can effectively improve the lactation status of delivered women.

Scientific papers published by public hospitals in Jilin Province and their research hot spots / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Papers published by 70 public hospitals in Jilin Province from 2011 to 2015 were retrieved from CNKI, China Citations Database, and Wanfang Database. The scientific papers and their research hot spots were analyzed in aspects of the total number of published papers and different institutions-published papers, high output authors, cited papers, journals that published the papers, and foundation-supported papers in order to provide reference for subsequent research and policy-making.

Comparison of HC visual laryngoscopy and fiberoptic bronchoscope guided endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing cervical surgery / 中国医师杂志

Objective To compare the clinical effects of HC video laryngoscope and fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB)in guidance of endotracheal intubation for patients undergoing cervical surgery.Meth-ods A total of 50 patients (ASA I or II)with cervical vertebra injury,nerve root cervical spondylopathy or cervical spondylotic myelopathy in the first affiliated hospital of Wenzhou medical university were selected, all of whom were undergone selective cervical operations between March 2014 and June 2015.The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n =25):HC video laryngoscope group (group H)and FOB group (group F).After induction of anesthesia,HC video laryngoscope and FOB were used for tracheal intuba-tion.⑴ Intubation time and success rates of intubation were recorded,and visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the difficulty of intubation;⑵ Mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),and rate-pressure product (RPP)before incubation (Tb),immediate after intubation (T0),and 1min after in-cubation (T1)were recorded;(3)Intubation-related complications were recorded.Results ⑴ The dura-tion of intubation (19.7 ±7.1 )s in the group H was significantly shorter than that of group F (51.9 ± 19.2)s (P 0.05).⑶ The incidence of complications (sore throat)was lower in group H (P <0.05).Conclusions Compared to FOB,HC vid-eo laryngoscope-guided selective cervical operation has the characteristics of higher success rate of intubat-ion,shorter operation time,and easier operation,more stable hemodynamics and lower incidence of intuba-tion complications.Therefore,HC video laryngoscope is a safe and effective method in the intubation for pa-tients undergoing cervical surgery.

Study on the expression and mechanism of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in interstitial cystitis rats / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To observe the expression and mechanism of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in interstitial cystitis (IC) rats.Methods Twenty weight of 250-300 g of female SD rats were divided into IC group (n =10) and control group (n =10).IC group were treated by transurethral instillation with 10 mg/ml protamine sulfate (PS) 1 ml reserved for 45 min,and then instillation with 750 ug/ml of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 ml reserved for 30 min.The same operations were repeated after 24 hours,and the rats were killed obtaining the bladder tissue and urine after three days.Control group was given PBS solution perfusion.MCP-1 and histamine (HA) expression levels in the rat bladder tissue and urine were detected by ELISA.The inflammation of bladder tissue was observed and inflammatory score was used by HE staining.MC degranulation count was used by MC special staining.MCP-1 expression and distribution in bladder tissue was observed by immunohistochemical method.The relationship between the MCP-1 and MC was detected by immunofluorescence method.Results By ELISA,the expression levels of MCP-1 and HA in the bladder tissue and urine in IC group were significantly increased compared with control group (P ＜0.01 ).More inflammatory cell infiltration in the bladder mucosa,edema mucosa,congestion and hemorrhage were seen by HE staining.The inflammatory score in IC and control group were (76.5 ±9.8) and (18.5± 9.8)/field (P ＜ 0.01 ).With MC special staining,degranulation MC count in IC and control group were (6.4±3.1 ) and (0.7 ±0.3)/field (P ＜0.01 ),and the degranulation in the bladder tissue of IC group was significantly higher than control group (P ＜ 0.01 ).MCP-1 has a higher expression in the bladder epithelium,and more MCP-1 were found gathering round MC surface by immunofluorescence.Conclusions MCP-1 is highly expressed in IC rats,and could induced activation of MC,which could release HA,aggravating the pathological process of inflammatory and fibrosis in IC.