Fumigaclavine C attenuates adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and ameliorates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Fumigaclavine C (FC), an active indole alkaloid, is obtained from endophytic Aspergillus terreus (strain No. FC118) by the root of Rhizophora stylosa (Rhizophoraceae). This study is designed to evaluate whether FC has anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and whether it ameliorates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. FC notably increased the levels of glycerol in the culture supernatants and markedly reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FC differentially inhibited the expressions of adipogenesis-related genes, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor proteins, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins, and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. FC markedly reduced the expressions of lipid synthesis-related genes, such as the fatty acid binding protein, lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid synthase. Furthermore, FC significantly increased the expressions of lipolysis-related genes, such as the hormone-sensitive lipase, Aquaporin-7, and adipose triglyceride lipase. In HFD-induced obese mice, intraperitoneal injections of FC decreased both the body weight and visceral adipose tissue weight. FC administration significantly reduced lipid accumulation. Moreover, FC could dose-dependently and differentially regulate the expressions of lipid metabolism-related transcription factors. All these data indicated that FC exhibited anti-obesity effects through modulating adipogenesis and lipolysis.

Effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide on induced secretion of inflammatory cytokines by different cell lines / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on induced secretion of inflammatory cytokines by different cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>LPS of P. gingivalis strain ATCC33277 (Pg-LPS) was extracted with phenol-water method, and identified by Limulus test and infrared spectrum analysis. KB, HGF-1 and THP-1 cells were treated with Pg-LPS of different concentrations and time duration, a commercial LPS of E.coli strain O111:B4 (E-LPS) was used as the control. TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in culture supernatants were measured by quantitative ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The minimal dosages of both Pg-LPS and E-LPS to solidify Limulus agents were 15 ng/ml and their infrared spectrums were similar. With the treatment of Pg-LPS or E-LPS, the TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels secreted by HGF-1 cells were remarkably increased with a single perk (P<0.01) while a continuous enhancement of secretion by THP-1 cells was observed (P<0.01). Either Pg-LPS or E-LPS stimulated HGF-1 or THP-1 cells to continuously increase the secretion of IL-6 (P<0.01). Both Pg-LPS and E-LPS induced IL-8 secretion by THP-1 cells (P<0.01), but only Pg-LPS showed the similar effect on HGF-1 cells (P<0.01). Neither Pg-LPS nor E-LPS induced KB cells to secrete inflammatory cytokines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pg-LPS can promote target cells to increase their secretion of inflammatory cytokines. KB cells can not be used as the target cell to determine inflammation-causing effect of LPS.</p>