Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
J Neonatal Perinatal Med ; 15(4): 813-819, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35811543

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The utility of determining maternal-neonatal surface colonization as detected by standard microbiological cultures around the time of birth is unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between maternal and neonatal surface colonization at birth and neonatal early onset sepsis (EOS). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) present in the brain with AD CSF biomarker levels. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study of newborns admitted to the neonatal department of a referral women's and children's hospital from 2009 to 2017. Cases were infants with blood-culture-confirmed EOS (<3 days of life), and controls were infants without EOS randomly chosen based on the cases' date of birth. Maternal genitourinary and neonatal ear swab cultures were used to determine bacterial surface colonization status. RESULTS: Fifty-one infants were diagnosed with EOS during the study period, where Escherichia coli (45%), and Group B Streptococcus (23%) accounted for 68% of infecting organisms. Compared to infants without EOS, those infected were more likely to have surface colonization of the mothers (60% vs 40%, p = 0.048) and infants (90% vs 11%, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, chorioamnionitis [7.1 (95% CI 2.9, 16.8)], small-for-gestational-age [OR 0.08 (95% CI 0.02, 0.4)], exposure to antibiotics around time of birth [2.3 (95% CI 1.0, 5.1)], maternal surface colonization [2.2 (95% CI 1.0, 4.9)] and neonatal surface colonization [23.5 (95% CI 7.3, 76.1)] were significantly associated with EOS. Adjusting for potential confounders, neonatal colonization remained significantly associated with neonatal EOS [AOR 15.0 (95% CI 3.5, 64.2), p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: In our setting with predominant Gram-negative EOS, neonatal colonization but not maternal colonization was significantly associated with EOS in the newborn.


Assuntos
Bacteriemia , Corioamnionite , Sepse Neonatal , Sepse , Gravidez , Criança , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Feminino , Sepse Neonatal/microbiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Corioamnionite/epidemiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Risco , Sepse/epidemiologia , Sepse/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Epidemiol Infect ; 149: e18, 2021 01 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33427152

RESUMO

It is important to understand the temporal trend of the paediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load to estimate the transmission potential of children in schools and communities. We determined the differences in SARS-CoV-2 viral load dynamics between nasopharyngeal samples of infected asymptomatic and symptomatic children. Serial cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 from the nasopharynx of a cohort of infected children were collected for analysis. Among 17 infected children, 10 (58.8%) were symptomatic. Symptomatic children, when compared to asymptomatic children, had higher viral loads (mean cycle threshold on day 7 of illness 28.6 vs. 36.7, P = 0.02). Peak SARS-CoV-2 viral loads occurred around day 2 of illness in infected children. Although we were unable to directly demonstrate infectivity, the detection of significant amount of virus in the upper airway of asymptomatic children suggest that they have the potential to shed and transmit SARS-CoV-2. Our study highlights the importance of contact tracing and screening for SARS-CoV-2 in children with epidemiological risk factors regardless of their symptom status, in order to improve containment of the virus in the community, including educational settings.


Assuntos
Nasofaringe/virologia , RNA Viral/análise , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , Carga Viral , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , SARS-CoV-2/genética
3.
Epidemiol Infect ; 148: e301, 2020 12 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33292890

RESUMO

The epidemiological target of lockdowns is to drive down the effective reproduction number (Rt) to less than 1. A key unknown is the duration that lockdowns need to be in place to achieve this and which lockdown measures are effective. Daily number of laboratory confirmed community coronavirus 2019 cases were extracted from regular reports from the Ministry of Health Singapore from 20 March 2020 to 4 May 2020. We generated daily Rt to estimate the time needed for these public health lockdown measures to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 as demonstrated by Rt < 1. It took about 14 days of nationwide lockdown for the Rt trend to change and start falling. The upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for time to Rt < 1 was day 15 of lockdown. We have shown that it is possible to start 'bending the Rt curve' about 2 weeks after implementation of specific lockdown measures with strict compliance.


Assuntos
COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Administração em Saúde Pública , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Singapura/epidemiologia
4.
J Med Microbiol ; 68(8): 1167-1172, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31199227

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a multi-drug-resistant organism that is associated with high mortality and morbidity in newborn and immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to identify the best antimicrobial therapy for treating this infection. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from 2010 to 2017 in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Singapore. Paediatric patients aged 0 to 18 years old with a positive culture for E. meningoseptica from any sterile site were identified from the hospital laboratory database. The data collected included clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Thirteen cases were identified in this study. Combination therapy with piperacillin/tazobactam and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or a fluoroquinolone resulted in a cure rate of 81.8  %. The mortality rate was 15.4  % and neurological morbidity in patients with bacteraemia and meningitis remained high (75 %). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with combination therapy of piperacillin/tazobactam and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or a fluroquinolone was effective in this study, with low mortality rates being observed.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Flavobacteriaceae/tratamento farmacológico , Fluoroquinolonas/uso terapêutico , Combinação Piperacilina e Tazobactam/uso terapêutico , Combinação Trimetoprima e Sulfametoxazol/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Flavobacteriaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Flavobacteriaceae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Flavobacteriaceae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Flavobacteriaceae/microbiologia , Fluoroquinolonas/farmacologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Combinação Piperacilina e Tazobactam/farmacologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Singapura/epidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Combinação Trimetoprima e Sulfametoxazol/farmacologia
5.
Euro Surveill ; 21(33)2016 Aug 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27562958

RESUMO

Mumps outbreaks in highly vaccinated populations continue to be reported globally. Therefore, quantifying the burden of mumps morbidity accurately will be necessary to better assess the impact of mumps vaccination programmes. We aim to estimate the true morbidity resulting from mumps complications in terms of hospitalised orchitis, meningitis, oophoritis and pancreatitis in England during the outbreak in 2004/05. This outbreak in England led to a clear increase in hospitalisations coded to mumps for complications of orchitis in those born in the 1970s and 1980s and possibly for meningitis in those born in the 1980s. A simple statistical model, based on analysing time trends for diagnosed complications in hospital databases with routine laboratory surveillance data, found that the actual morbidity was much higher. There were 2.5 times (166 cases) more mumps orchitis cases in the 1970s cohort and 2.0 times (708 cases) more mumps orchitis cases in the 1980s cohort than complications coded to mumps in hospital databases. Our study demonstrated that the mumps outbreak in England 2004/05 resulted in a substantial increase in hospitalised mumps complications, and the model we used can improve the ascertainment of morbidity from a mumps outbreak.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Caxumba/epidemiologia , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Meningite Viral/epidemiologia , Meningite Viral/etiologia , Morbidade , Caxumba/complicações , Ooforite/epidemiologia , Ooforite/etiologia , Orquite/epidemiologia , Orquite/etiologia , Pancreatite/epidemiologia , Pancreatite/etiologia , Vigilância da População
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...