Development and validation of a risk-prediction model for immune-related adverse events in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and is the most common cancer in males. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have achieved impressive efficacy in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Pardoll, 2012; Champiat et al., 2016; Gao et al., 2022). Although ICIs are usually well tolerated, they are often accompanied by immune-related adverse events (irAEs) (Doroshow et al., 2019). Non-specific activation of the immune system produces off-target immune and inflammatory responses that can affect virtually any organ or system (O'Kane et al., 2017; Puzanov et al., 2017). Compared with adverse events caused by chemotherapy, irAEs are often characterized by delayed onset and prolonged duration and can occur in any organ at any stage of treatment, including after cessation of treatment (Puzanov et al., 2017; von Itzstein et al., 2020). They range from rash, pneumonitis, hypothyroidism, enterocolitis, and autoimmune hepatitis to cardiovascular, hematological, renal, neurological, and ophthalmic irAEs (Nishino et al., 2016; Kumar et al., 2017; Song et al., 2020). Hence, we conducted a retrospective study to identify validated factors that could predict the magnitude of the risk of irAEs in patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors; our approach was to analyze the correlation between the clinical characteristics of patients at the start of treatment and relevant indicators such as hematological indices and the risk of developing irAEs. Then, we developed an economical, practical, rapid, and simple model to assess the risk of irAEs in patients receiving ICI treatment, as early as possible.

Factors Associated with the Acceptance and Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccination among Chinese Healthcare Workers

BackgroundThe COVID-19 vaccines have been developed in a wide range of countries. This study aims to examine factors influencing vaccination rate and willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 among Chinese healthcare workers (HCWs). MethodsFrom 3rd February to 18th February, 2021, an online cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs to investigate factors associated with the acceptance and willingness of COVID-19 vaccination. Socio-demographic characteristics and the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among Chinese HCWs were evaluated. ResultsA total of 2156 HCWs from 21 provinces in China responded to this survey (response rate: 98.99%)), among whom 1433 (66.5%) were vaccinated at least one dose. Higher vaccination rates were associated with older age (40-50 years vs. less than 30 years, OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.02-2.58; >50 years vs. 30 years, OR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.02-3.52), working as a clinician (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.05-2.27), having no personal religion (OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.06-1.71), working in a fever clinic (OR=4.50, 95%CI:1.54-13.17) or higher hospital level (Municipal vs. County, OR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.28-3.16; Provincial vs. County, OR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.25-3.22) and having knowledge training of vaccine (OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.27-2.22), family history for influenza vaccination (OR=1.89, 95%CI:1.49-2.35) and strong familiarity with the vaccine (OR=1.43, 95%CI:1.05-1.95) (All P<0.05). Strong willingness for vaccination was related to having a working in midwestern China (OR=1.89, 95%CI:1.24-2.89), considerable knowledge of the vaccine (familiar vs. not familiar, OR=1.67, 95%CI: 1.17-2.39; strongly familiar vs. not familiar, OR=2.47, 95%CI: 1.36-4.49), knowledge training of vaccine (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.05-2.48) and strong confidence in the vaccine (OR=3.84, 95%CI: 2.09-7.07). ConclusionPersonal characteristics, working environments, familiarity and confidence in the vaccine were related to vaccination rates and willingness to get vaccinated among healthcare workers. Results of this study could provide evidence for the government to improve vaccine coverage by addressing vaccine hesitancy in the COVID-19 pandemic and future public health emergencies.

Study on preparation process for Suxiaoxintong Dropping Pills / 中成药

Objective: To establish the optimum preparation process for Suxiaoxintong Dropping Pills (Cortex moutan, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Borneolum Syntheticum). Methods: The preparation conditions, such as the different kinds of primary substance, cooling agent, the proportion between the extracts and primary substance etc. were studied with L 18 (3 7) orthogonal design. Results: Six batches of the products prepared with the process on the experimental result were conformed to the standard of the Chinese pharmacopoeia. Conclusion: It has been proved that the process is available.

The influence of oral simvastatin and vitamine-E on serum LDL oxidation and platelet activation in coronary artery disease patients / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: Using simvastatin and vitamine E (Vit-E) treatment to coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with low HDL, to investigate the relationship between Ox-LDL, platelet activation and HDL. METHODS: 40 CAD patients with low HDL were divided into two groups (A and B): A group oral simvastatin, B group oral simvastatin and Vit-E. The level of serum Ox-LDL, TXB 2 and GMP-140 were measured before and after treatment. The relationship between Ox-LDL, TXB 2, GMP-140 and HDL were analysed. RESULTS:The level of serum HDL was significantly increased in A and B group after treatment and attained normal level. The level of serum Ox-LDL, TXB 2 and GMP-140 were decreased significantly after simvastatin and Vit-E treatment and neared normal. CONCLUSIONS:This study confirmed that HDL can effectively refrain LDL oxidation. It also revealed that Vit-E and simvastatin treatment were more effectively refrained platelet activation by increasement of HDL and decreasement of Ox-LDL.