[An evaluation of the cardioprotective action of the preparation ICRF-187 (Cardioxane) during the treatment of breast cancer with large doses of adriamycin]. / Otsenka kardioprotektivnogo deistviia preparata ICRF-187 (kardioksan) pri lechenii bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy bol'shimi dozami adriamitsina.

Twenty females with disseminated breast cancer received courses of polychemotherapy with 21-day intervals. The regimen comprised adriamycin (ADM), cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil in the dose 50, 500 mg/m2, respectively. 30 minutes prior to the treatment the patients were given the cardioprotector cardioxan (1000 mg/m2). Cardiological control (ECG, EF according to echo-CG and radionuclide ventriculography, PP/EP M1/M2, T1/T2 according to echo-polycardiography and Doppler cardiography) was performed before the treatment and at ADM total dose 200-300 mg/m2 followed by measurements at each dose increase by 100 mg/m2. The findings showed no evidence of ADM-related cardiac damage up to ADM dose 900-1000 mg/m2 in the case of cardioxan protection, though there was a tendency to M1/M2 increase which needs further studies as it suggests worsening of left ventricular diastolic contractility.

[Results of neuroleukemia prevention in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. / Rezul'taty profilaktiki neiroleikoza u detei s ostrym limfoblastnym leikozom.

The follow-up of 318 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia given program therapy that included different treatments including chemo- and radioprevention of neuroleukemia demonstrated the high efficacy of the measures carried out, which reduced the incidence of neuroleukemia to 5.6%. No gross changes on the part of the neuropsychic status were revealed in the course of the follow-up of children who received the combined prophylaxis of neuroleukemia. The derangement of the CNS was recorded in 17 patients and ran its course in the form of leukemic meningitis and meningoencephalitis.

[X-ray-radionuclide diagnosis of lung cancer metastases to the intrathoracic lymph nodes]. / Rentgenoradionuklidnaia diagnostika metastazov raka legkogo vo vnutrigrudnye limfaticheskie uzly.

The authors conducted a comparative study of x-ray and radionuclide investigations of 203 lung cancer patients. The potentialities of each method were shown for metastatic lesions of the lymph nodes of the root of the lungs and mediastinum. The results obtained are indicative of the fact that these methods improve preoperative diagnosis of regional metastatic spreading in lung cancer that is very important for a design of therapeutic tactics.

[Scintigraphy with tumoritropic radiopharmaceutical preparations in the diagnosis of cancer of the large intestine]. / Stsintigrafiia s tumorotropnymi RFP v diagnostike raka tolstoi kishki.

The authors represented the results of scintigraphic investigation to define the spreading of colon cancer in 78 patients. Of 21 patients in whom the investigation with 67Ga-citrate was performed in the preoperative period, RP accumulation was noted in 18, false-positive results were noted in 3 patients. During the investigation of 41 patients with 111In-bleomycin false-positive results were noted in all the cases. These results permit recommending this method for defining colon cancer spreading.

[Emission computed tomography in the diagnosis of lung diseases]. / Emissionnaia komp'iuternaia tomografiia v diagnostike zabolevanii legkikh.

Investigations of pulmonary perfusion with 99m Tc-MMA by the method of emission computed tomography (ECT) were conducted in 172 patients with different pulmonary diseases. The authors described ECT procedure of the lungs and scinti-tomographic symptomatology typical of the normal lungs and different types of pulmonary pathology (lung cancer, benign tumors, metastases and chronic inflammatory pulmonary processes). A high sensitivity of ECT as compared to poly-positional scintigraphy was shown. The obtained results suggested that ECT permitted more specified and earlier diagnosis of pulmonary perfusion disorders which was of great importance in the diagnosis of different pulmonary diseases as well as in the assessment of therapeutic efficacy.

[Radionuclide determination of the extent of the tumor process in patients with esophageal cancer]. / Radionuklidnoe opredelenie rasprostrannosti opukholevogo protsessa u bol'nykh rakom pishchevoda.

Scintigraphy with 67Ga-citrate and 111In-bleomycin was conducted in 32 esophageal cancer patients, 4 patients with benign esophageal tumors and in 3 patients with scarry-ulcerous esophagitis. A raised accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical (RP) in the esophagus, in 4 cases in the retroperitoneal paraaortic lymph nodes in which a metastatic image was confirmed at computed tomography and diagnostic laparotomy, was observed in all cancer patients. No regularities in the intensity of the accumulation of both radiopharmaceuticals in the esophageal tumor with relation to its histological structure were detected. The advantage of the above radiopharmaceuticals is a possibility to use them for the detection of tumor dissemination and distant metastases in esophageal cancer.

[Prognosis of the postoperative external respiratory function based on radionuclide research data]. / Prognoz posleoperatsionnogo sostoianiia funktsii vneshnego dykhaniia po rezul'tatam radionuklidnykh issledovanii.

A unified indicator was worked out to have an opportunity before pulmonary operation to predict external respiration function in patients in the postoperative period. The value of partial oxygen pressure in the arterialized blood was proposed as such an indicator. The model made it possible to associate external respiration function with sizes of the involved area and the area of future operation. The main allowance of the model was an assumption of the contribution of any segment to the general process of blood oxygenation. Altogether 11 lung cancer patients were examined. Functional examination of the lungs with 133Xe was performed before a supposed operation. The authors showed a close quantitative and qualitative interrelationship between predicted indicators of partial oxygen pressure in the arterialized blood and corresponding values determined by the methods of blood oxygen measurement in the postoperative period.

[Carcinoembryonic antigen and hormonal polypeptides in patients with lung cancer]. / Rakovo-émbrional'nyi antigen i gormonal'nye polipeptidy u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

The paper is concerned with the evaluation of the diagnostic value of a tumor marker complex determined by in vitro analysis at primary diagnosis of lung cancer, during early postoperative follow-up and subsequent monitoring for early detection of disease progression.

[Changes in the regional indices of ventilation and perfusion in lung cancer patients during treatment]. / Izmenenie regionarnykh pokazatelei ventiliatsii i perfuzii u bol'nykh rakom legkogo v khode lecheniia.

A total of 27 patients with central lung cancer and 43 patients with peripheral lung cancer of various sites were examined after surgical intervention on a multichannel unit using 133Xe. The regional distribution of alveolar ventilation and perfusion blood flow were evaluated in the preoperative period as well as at varying times after operation. Statistical analysis of the results has shown that a significant decrease in the ventilation and blood flow is observed in the zone with a focus of lesion in the preoperative period. At the same time even in the preoperative period of compensatory increase in the ventilation and blood flow occurs in the lower zone of the contralateral lung. An increase in the ventilation and blood flow in all the zones of the remaining lung is observed after pulmonectomy; lobectomy does not change pulmonary function and the operated lung does not regenerate its function. No distinctions in the regional values of the ventilation/perfusion ratio were revealed during treatment. Regional perfusion and ventilation are changed in one direction, their ratio and hence the gaseous composition of the blood remain unchanged.

[67Ga-citrate in the differential diagnosis of benign lesions and lung cancer]. / 67Ga-tsitrat v differentsial'noi diagnostike dobrokachestvennykh obrazovanii i raka legkogo.

A total of 77 patients with tumors and benign lesions of the lungs were examined. In addition to the x-ray method the use of a study with 67Ga-citrate was found appropriate in the differential diagnosis of spheroidal lesions of the lungs.

[Radionuclide study of ventilation and perfusion in different sections of the lungs]. / Radionuklidnoe issledovanie ventiliatsii i perfuzii v razlichnykh otdelakh legkikh.

At present in the practice of radionuclide methods of investigation of the ventilation and blood flow one mistakes either a regional ventilated volume or the rate of indicator clearance from a given region for regional alveolar ventilation. The regional ventilation-perfusion ratio is obtained by dividing corresponding values expressed not in absolute but in relative units that causes erroneous results. A method proposed in this paper makes it possible to calculate regional distributions of ventilation, perfusion and their ratio as won as the values of mean time and the passage of an indicator through the alveolar-bronchial space and the vascular bed of the lungs strictly in accordance with the conditions of the clinical physiology of respiration. Measurements were taken according to an established method using either a gamma-chamber or a radiographic unit with autonomous detectors. To study the regional blood flow, 133Xe and 99mTc-MAA can be used. An assumption of preserving the persistence of the general ventilation-perfusion ratio for the lungs with any regional disturbances of this ratio should be attributed to the most serious allowances of this method.